Cell Cycle includes many processes necessary for successful self-replication, and consists of DNA synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases separated by gap phases in the order G1–S–G2–M. S phase and M phase are usually separated by gap phases called G1 and G2, when cell-cycle progression can be regulated by various intracellular and extracellular signals. In order to move from one phase of its life cycle to the next, a cell must pass through numerous checkpoints. At each checkpoint, specialized proteins determine whether the necessary conditions exist. Progression through G1 phase is controlled by pRB proteins, and phosphorylation of pRB proteins by CDKs releases E2F factors, promoting the transition to S phase. The G2/M transition that commits cells to division is a default consequence of initiating the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, many proteins, such Wee1, PLK1 and cdc25, is involved the regulation of this process. The best-understood checkpoints are those activated by DNA damage and problems with DNA replication.

DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Genome instability arises if cells initiate mitosis when chromosomes are only partially replicated or are damaged by a double-strand DNA break (DSB). To prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis, ATR inhibits cyclin B/Cdk1 activation by stimulating the Cdk1 inhibitory kinase Wee1 and inhibiting Cdc25C via Chk1, besides, ATM and ATR also initiate DNA repair by phosphorylating several other substrates.

In cancer cells, the cell cycle regulators as well as other elements of the DDR pathway have been found to protect tumor cells from different stresses and to promote tumor progression. Thus, cell cycle proteins that directly regulate cell cycle progression (such as CDKs), as well as checkpoint kinases, Aurora kinases and PLKs, are promising targets in cancer therapy.

References:
[1] Rhind N, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct; 4(10): a005942.
[2] Duronio RJ, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Mar; 5(3): a008904.
[3] Liu W, et al. Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 14;16(1):60.
[4] Ghelli Luserna di Rora' A, et al. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 Mar 29;10(1):77.


Anti-infection >
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2-Amino-6-chloro-9-(2-C-Methyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purine

2-Amino -6-chloro-9-(2-β-C-methyl-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 640725-74-2
  • MF: C11H14ClN5O4
  • MW: 315.71
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Cisplatin

Cisplatin is a antineoplastic chemotherapy drug which works by cross-linking with DNA and causing DNA damage in cancer cells.

  • CAS Number: 15663-27-1
  • MF: Cl2H6N2Pt
  • MW: 300.05
  • Catalog: DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker
  • Density: 3.7
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 270ºC
  • Flash Point: N/A

2’-O-Methyl-N2,N2-dimethyl-guanosine

2’-O-Methyl-N2,N2-dimethyl-guanosine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 113886-73-0
  • MF: C13H19N5O5
  • MW: 325.32
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Naphthyl-β-methylaminocarbony-3’-O-acetyl-2’-O-methyluridine

5-Naphthyl-β-methylaminocarbony-3’-O-acetyl-2’-O-methyluridine is a thymidine analogue. Analogs of this series have insertional activity towards replicated DNA. They can be used to label cells and track DNA synthesis[1].

  • CAS Number: 2095417-03-9
  • MF: C24H25N3O8
  • MW: 483.47
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

m7GpppGpG

m7GpppGpG, an oligonucleotide, is an M7GpppNpG trinucleotide cap analogue. m7GpppGpG prevents premature degradation by 5′-exonucleases and recruits proteins required for pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA transport and initiation of protein biosynthesis[1].

  • CAS Number: 133608-76-1
  • MF: C31H41N15O25P4
  • MW: 1147.64
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Iodo-2'-C-Methyl uridine

5-Iodo-2’-β-C-methyl uridine is a uridine analogue. Uridine has potential antiepileptic effects, and its analogs can be used to study anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activities, as well as to develop new antihypertensive agents[1].

  • CAS Number: 1203461-96-4
  • MF: C10H13IN2O6
  • MW: 384.12
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3’-Azido-3’-deoxy-2-thiouridine

3’-Azido-3’-deoxy-2-thiouridine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2305416-00-4
  • MF: C9H11N5O4S
  • MW: 285.28
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LIMK1 inhibitor BMS-4

LIMK1 inhibitor BMS-4 is a LIM Kinase (LIMK) inhibitor targeting to LIMK1/2. LIMK1 inhibitor BMS-4 inhibits phosphorylation of cofilin, the LIMK substrate. However, LIMK1 inhibitor BMS-4 is noncytotoxic on A549 cells[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 905298-84-2
  • MF: C23H23N7O2S
  • MW: 461.53900
  • Catalog: LIM Kinase (LIMK)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HBX 41108

HBX 41108 is an uncompetitive inhibitor of ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) with an IC50 of 424 nM. HBX 41108 inhibits USP7-mediated p53 deubiquitination to stabilize p53 and inhibits cancer cell growth. HBX 41108 induces p53-dependent apoptosis in p53 wild type and null isogenic cancer cell lines[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 924296-39-9
  • MF: C13H3ClN4O
  • MW: 266.64200
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.66g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 604.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 319.6ºC

PERK-IN-4

PERK-IN-4 is a potent and selective PERK (protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase) inhibitor with an IC 50 of 0.3 nM. PERK is activated in response to a variety of endoplasmic reticulum stresses implicated in numerous disease states[1].

  • CAS Number: 1337531-89-1
  • MF: C24H19F4N5O
  • MW: 469.434
  • Catalog: PERK
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 710.9±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 383.7±32.9 °C

Ganetespib(STA-9090)

Ganetespib is a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor which exhibits potent cytotoxicity in a wide variety of hematological and solid tumor cell lines.

  • CAS Number: 888216-25-9
  • MF: C20H20N4O3
  • MW: 364.398
  • Catalog: HSP
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 685.8±57.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 368.5±32.1 °C

Rigosertib sodium

Rigosertib (sodium) is a non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of PLK1 with an IC50 of 9 nM, and shows 30-fold selectivity over PLK2.

  • CAS Number: 592542-60-4
  • MF: C21H24NNaO8S
  • MW: 473.47200
  • Catalog: Polo-like Kinase (PLK)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

RTS-V5

RTS-V5 is a dual HDAC/proteasome inhibitor with IC50s of 6.9, 18, 15, 0.27, 0.53 μM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC6, HDAC8, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 2285346-31-6
  • MF: C27H35N5O6
  • MW: 525.60
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SBE 13 hydrochloride

SBE13 Hydrochloride is a potent and selective Plk1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 200 pM; SBE13 Hydrochloride poorly inhibits Plk2 (IC50>66 μM) or Plk3 (IC50=875 nM).

  • CAS Number: 1052532-15-6
  • MF: C24H28Cl2N2O4
  • MW: 479.396
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CGK 733

CGK733 is a potent ATM/ATR inhibitor, used for the research of cancer.

  • CAS Number: 905973-89-9
  • MF: C23H18Cl3FN4O3S
  • MW: 555.836
  • Catalog: ATM/ATR
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2-chloroinosine

2-Chloroinosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 13276-43-2
  • MF: C10H11ClN4O5
  • MW: 302.67
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 2.194 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 141-143ºC (dec.)
  • Flash Point: N/A

3,6-Diamino-9(10H)-acridone

3,6-Diamino-9(10H)-acridone is a topoisomerase inhibitor[1].

  • CAS Number: 42832-87-1
  • MF: C13H11N3O
  • MW: 225.24600
  • Catalog: Topoisomerase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: >300ºC dec.
  • Flash Point: N/A

FRAX1036

FRAX1036 is a PAK inhibitor with Kis of 23.3 nM, 72.4 nM, and 2.4 μM for PAK1, PAK2 and PAK4, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1432908-05-8
  • MF: C28H32ClN7O
  • MW: 518.053
  • Catalog: PAK
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 669.8±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 358.9±34.3 °C

Tubulin inhibitor 6

Tubulin inhibitor 6 (Compound 14b) is a tubulin inhibitor and a potent inhibitor of multiple cancer cell lines. Tubulin inhibitor 6 inhibits tubulin polymerization with an IC50 of 0.87 μM. Tubulin inhibitor 6 inhibits K562 cell growth with an IC50 of 840 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 105925-39-1
  • MF: C20H14ClNO2S
  • MW: 367.85
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2'-fluoro-5-bromo-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine

5-Bromo-2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro-beta-D-arabinocytidine is a cytidine nucleoside analog. Cytidine analogs have a mechanism of inhibiting DNA methyltransferases (such as Zebularine, HY-13420), and have potential anti-metabolic and anti-tumor activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 69123-93-9
  • MF: C9H11BrFN3O4
  • MW: 324.10
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 2.21 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 513.3ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 264.3ºC

Methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-D-ribofuranoside

Methyl 2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-D-ribofuranoside is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 64363-77-5
  • MF: C27H30O5
  • MW: 434.52
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 552.6±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 217.4±30.0 °C

Debio-0123

Debio 0123 (Debio0123) is a potent, orally available, and highly selective Wee1 kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 0.8 nM, Ki of 0.1 nM.Debio 0123 is highly selective to Wee1 on 465 selected kinases in a cellfree system, does not inhibit Plk1 and Plk2, as also reported in recent publications for AZD1775.Debio 0123 exhibits in vitro growth inhibition activity in a broad number of human cancer cell lines (IC50= 0.109 to 7.08 uM).Debio 0123 prevent CDC2 / Cdk1 phosphorylation, induces γH2AX and enhances phosphorylation of histone H3.Debio 0123 induces apoptosis through mitotic catastrophe following cell cycle progression despite accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage both in vitro and in vivo.

  • CAS Number: 2243882-74-6
  • MF: C26H28Cl2N6O
  • MW: 511.451
  • Catalog: Wee1
  • Density: 1.331±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: 684.4±65.0 °C(Predicted)
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3'-fluoro-3'-deoxyadenosine

3'-Deoxy-3'-fluoroadenosine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 75059-22-2
  • MF: C10H12FN5O3
  • MW: 269.23
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 628.6°C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 334°C

N1-Propargylpseudouridine

N1-Propargylpseudouridine (see GL102032) is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 1464021-70-2
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2-Amino-2’,3’-bis-O-(2-methoxyethyl) adenosine

2-Amino-2’,3’-bis-O-(2-methoxyethyl) adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 847647-19-2
  • MF: C16H26N6O6
  • MW: 398.41
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2-Cyanoadenosine

2-Cyanoadenosine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 79936-11-1
  • MF: C11H12N6O4
  • MW: 292.25
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 2.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 769.1±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 418.9±35.7 °C

methyl 2-deoxy-3,5-di-o-p-toluoyl-d-*rib ofuranoside

Methyl 2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-toluoyl-D-ribofuranoside is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 4330-34-1
  • MF: C22H24O6
  • MW: 384.42
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 581.4±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 202.4±23.6 °C

1,2-O-Isopropylidene-3-O-Methyl-D-ribofuranose

1,2-Di-O-isopropylidene-3-O-methyl-D-ribofuranose is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 35506-61-7
  • MF: C9H16O5
  • MW: 204.22
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CG-200745

CG-200745 is a potent HDAC inhibitor, with IC50s of <3 μM for sensitive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. CG-200745 induces the accumulation of p53, promotes p53-dependent transactivation, and enhances the expression of proteins encoded by p53 target genes, MDM2 and p21 (Waf1/Cip1) in human prostate cancer cells[1]. CG-200745 attenuates phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in kidneys and it has a renoprotective effect by suppressing renal fibrosis and inflammation in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model[2].

  • CAS Number: 936221-33-9
  • MF: C24H33N3O4
  • MW: 427.53700
  • Catalog: MDM-2/p53
  • Density: 1.148±0.06 g/cm3 (20 °C, 760 mmHg)
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AZ20

AZ20 is a potent and selective inhibitor of ATR with an IC50 of 5 nM, and has 8-fold selectivity against mTOR (IC50=38 nM).

  • CAS Number: 1233339-22-4
  • MF: C21H24N4O3S
  • MW: 412.505
  • Catalog: ATM/ATR
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 634.6±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 337.6±31.5 °C