Defensin HNP-3 human is a cytotoxic antibiotic peptide known as "defensin". Defensin HNP-3 human has inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Defensin HNP-3 human is initially synthesized as the 94 amino acids preproHNP(1-94), which is hydrolyzed to proHNP(20-94) and converted to mature HNP(65-94) after the removal of anion precursors[1][2].
Colutehydroquinone is an isoflavonoid that can be found in the root bark of Colutea arborescens. Colutehydroquinone exhibits antifungal activity[1].
3α,22β-Dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid is a terpenoid isolated from Maytenus royleanus cufodontis. 3α,22β-Dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid shows antiproliferative activity for HeLa, PC-3 and HCCLM3 cell lines with an IC50 values of 32.64 µM, 9.09 µM and 6.9 µM, respectively[1][2][3].
Melittin free acid is a basic 26-amino-acid polypeptide, the major active ingredient of honeybee venom. Melittin free acid is an activator of phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Melittin free acid has broad-spectrum antifungal activity with MIC values of 0.4-60 μM. Melittin free acid hinders fungal growth by inducing cell apoptosis, repressing (1,3)-β-D-glucan synthase and participating in other pathways[1][2].
1-Dodecylimidazole (N-Dodecylimidazole) is a lysosomotropic detergent and a cytotoxic agent. 1-Dodecylimidazole causes cell death by its acid-dependent accumulation in lysosomes, disruption of the lysosomal membrane, and releaseof cysteine proteases into the cytoplasm. 1-Dodecylimidazole has hypocholesterolaemic activity and broad-spectrum antifungal activity[1][2][3].
Chlorobutanol is a pharmaceutical preservative with sedative-hypnotic actions. Chlorobutanol is active against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and several mold spores and fungi[1][2].
Isavuconazole is a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 and a water-soluble triazole with broad-spectrum antifungal activity.
Tofacitinib-d3 (citrate) is deuterium labeled Tofacitinib (citrate). Tofacitinib citrate is an orally available JAK1/2/3 inhibitor with IC50s of 1, 20, and 112 nM, respectively. Tofacitinib citrate has antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities.
Miconazole Nitrate is an imidazole antifungal agent.Target: AntifungalMiconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent, developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica, commonly applied topically to the skin or to mucous membranes to cure fungal infections. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes. It can also be used against certain species of Leishmania protozoa which are a type of unicellular parasite that also contain ergosterol in their cell membranes. In addition to its antifungal and antiparasitic actions, it also has some antibacterial properties. Miconazole is also used in Ektachrome film developing in the final rinse of the Kodak E-6 process and similar Fuji CR-56 process, replacing formaldehyde. Fuji Hunt also includes miconazole as a final rinse additive in their formulation of the C-41RA rapid access color negative developing process. From Wikipedia.
Itraconazole-d5 (R51211-d5) is the deuterium labeled Itraconazole. Itraconazole (R51211) is a triazole antifungal agent and a potent and orally active Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway antagonist with an IC50 of ~800 nM. Itraconazole potently inhibits lanosterol 14α-demethylase (cytochrome P450 enzyme), thereby inhibits the oxidative conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. Itraconazole has anticancer and antiangiogenic effects[1][2][3].
Fosetyl-aluminum (Fosetyl-Al) is an active ingredient in many fungicides against downy mildew. Fosetyl-aluminum is used to control many diseases caused by Phytophthora spp. on agricultural and horticultural crops[1][2].
Verrucarin J (Muconomycin B) is a metabolite of the Myrothecium fungus family. Verrucarin J generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces apoptosis of cancer cell lines, such as A549, HCT 116 and SW-620 cells. Verrucarin J shows activities against Candida albicans and Mucor miehei. Verrucarin J inhibits arenavirus Junin (JUNV) yield with an IC50 of 1.2 ng/mL[1][2][3][4][5].
Ferbam (Iron(III) dimethyldithiocarbamate) is a potent fungicide[1].
Filipin, produced as a mixture of related compounds known as the filipin complex (filipins I-IV) in nature[1], is a 28-membered ring pentaene macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by S. filipinensis, S. avermitilis and S. miharaensis. Filipin interacts with membrane sterols causing the alteration of membrane structure. Filipin III is the major component of Filipin[2].
Cymoxanil is a fungicidal against plant diseases caused by fungi belonging to the Perenosporales[1].
Avenaciolide is an antifungal bis-γ-lactone found in Aspergillus avenaceus. Avenaciolide has also antibacterial action. Avenaciolide is a specific inhibitor of glutamate transport in rat liver mitochondria. Avenaciolide interferes with the ability of ADP to stimulate the rate of glutamate oxidation[1][2].
Caulilexin C is a phytoalexin from crucifers with antifungal activity[1].
Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1].
Corydalmine (L-Corydalmine), an alkaloid isolated from roots of Corydalis Chaerophylla, inhibits spore germination of some plant pathogenic as well as saprophytic fungi[1]. Corydalmine acts as an oral analgesic agent, exhibiting potent analgesic activity[2]. Corydalmine alleviates Vincristine-induced neuropathic pain in mice by inhibiting an NF-κB-dependent CXCL1/CXCR2 signaling pathway[3].
L-4-Oxalysine hydrochloride is a natural product isolated from the culture media of Streptomyces roseovirdofuscus in China which has shown antitumor activities.
Cyclo(L-leucyl-L-valyl) inhibits Aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus.Cyclo(L-leucyl-L-valyl) inhibits transcription of the Aflatoxin-related genes aflR, hexB, pksL1, and dmtA.[1].
Prodigiosin (Prodigiosine) hydrochloride is a red pigment produced by bacteria as a bioactive secondary metabolite. Prodigiosin hydrochloride is a potent proapoptotic agent, and inhibits Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Prodigiosin hydrochloride has antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antimalarial, immunosuppressive, and anticancer properties[1][2].
Dithianon is a broad-spectrum anthraquinone fungicide with good adherence to the surface of leaves and fruits. Dithianon is used to control several several fungal of some fruits and vegetables, as anthracnose (Colletotrichum sp., Elsinoe ampelina), mildew (Plasmopara viticola), phomopsis (Phomopsis viticola), among others[1][2].
Fungicide5 is a fungicide candidate targeting succinate dehydrogenase (Ki = 0.095 μM).
Phosphomannose isomerase is the first enzyme involved in the biosynthesis pathway of GDP-Man. Phosphomannose isomerase catalyzes the conversion between fructose-6-phosphate (Fru6P) and mannose-6-phosphate (Man6P). Phosphomannose isomerase is important for cell wall synthesis and protein glycosylation. Phosphomannose isomerase is a potent antifungal target to curb the threats posed by A. flavus[1].
Fluazinam is a broad spectrum pyridinamine fungal inhibitor.
Cyclosporin C is a fungal metabolite that has been found in T. inflatum and has diverse biological activities, including antifungal, antiviral, and immunosuppressant properties. Cyclosporin C is active against isolates of B. cinerea, A. niger, and Alternaria, Mucor, and Penicillium species (MICs=0.1-5 μg/ml).
41F5 is anti-fugal agent. 41F5 is highly active against Histoplasma yeast (MIC50 0.4-0.8 μM). 41F5 has fungistatic activity against Histoplasma yeast with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.87 μM, and has the greatest selectivity for yeast (at least 62-fold) relative to host cells.
Pseudolaric C is a diterpenoid isolated from the root bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi Gorden, has antifungal activity[1].
Metyltetraprole is a promising fungicide with EC50 values of both 0.002 ppm against sensitive wild-type and G143A mutant of Zymoseptoria tritici. Metyltetraprole is effective against QoI (quinone outside inhibitor) resistant strains. Metyltetraprole inhibits the respiratory chain via complex III[1][2].