alpha-Mangostin-d3 (α-Mangostin-d3) is the deuterium labeled alpha-Mangostin. alpha-Mangostin (α-Mangostin) is a dietary xanthone with broad biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-allergic, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. It is an inhibitor of mutant IDH1 (IDH1-R132H) with a Ki of 2.85 μM[1][2][3].
Vincetoxicoside B, isolated from Polygonum paleaceum Wall, shows antifungal activity[1].
Benzoic acid-d5 is a deuterium substitute for Benzoic acid. Benzoic acid is an aromatic alcohol that occurs naturally in many plants and is a common additive in food, beverages, cosmetics and other products. Benzoic acid can act as a preservative by inhibiting bacteria and fungi[1][2].
Wikstrol A is a potent antifungal, antimitotic and anti-HIV-1 Agent. Wikstrol A induces morphological deformation of P. oryzae mycelia with an MMDC value of 70.1 µM. Wikstrol A shows activity against microtubule polymerization with an IC50 value of 131 µM. Wikstrol A shows anti-HIV-1 activity with an IC50 value of 67.8 µM[1].
Phomalactone, produced by the fungus Nigrospora sphaerica, specifically inhibits the mycelial growth of Phytophthora infestans, with an MIC value of 2.5 mg/L[1]. Phomalactone is phytotoxic to Z. elegans and other plant species by inhibition of seedling growth and by causing electrolyte leakage from photosynthetic tissues of both Z. elegans leaves and cucumber cotyledons[2].
Pydiflumetofen is a new generation of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide[1].
4-Methylcinnamic acid, a Cinnamic acid analog, can be used as a intervention catalyst for overcoming antifungal tolerance. 4-Methylcinnamic acid can improve the potency of cell wall-disrupting agents[1].
Dendryphiellin D is a compound isolated from fungus Septoria rudbeckiae, a plant pathogenic fungus isolated from the halophyte Karelinia caspia. Dendryphiellin D significantly inhibits the production of nitric oxide (NO)[1].
Ciclopirox olamine is a synthetic antifungal agent for topical dermatologic treatment of superficial mycoses. It is most useful against Tinea versicolor.
Methyl 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate is an inhibitor of uredospore germination. Methyl 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate also inhibits global DNA methylation in in Hep3B cells[1][2].
Antifungal agent 68 (compound 10) is an antifungal agent against Candida and Cryptococcus gattii. Antifungal agent 68 inhibits fungal ergosterol biosynthesis, possibly by targeting lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51). There is an interaction between the imidazole ring of antifungal agent 68 and the heme group of CYP51[1].
Efinaconazole(KP-103) is a novel triazole antifungal drug currently under development as a topical treatment for onychomycosis.IC50 value: 0.0039 ug/ml (MIC for T. mentagrophytes SM-110) [1]Target: antifungal agentin vitro: Efinaconazole was 4-fold more active than itraconazole against T. mentagrophytes SM-110 (MICs of 0.0039 and 0.016 μg/ml, respectively). Similarly, efinaconazole was 8-fold more active than clotrimazole against C. albicans ATCC 10231 (MICs of 0.00098 and 0.0078 μg/ml, respectively) [1]. In a comprehensive survey of 1,493 isolates, efinaconazole MICs against T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes ranged from ≤ 0.002 to 0.06 μg/ml, with 90% of isolates inhibited (MIC90) at 0.008 and 0.015 μg/ml, respectively. Efinaconazole MICs against 105 C. albicans isolates ranged from ≤ 0.0005 to >0.25 μg/ml, with 50% of isolates inhibited (MIC50) by 0.001 and 0.004 μg/ml at 24 and 48 h, respectively [2].in vivo: The therapeutic efficacy of KP-103, a triazole derivative, for 10 guinea pigs with interdigital tinea pedis or tinea corporis was investigated. Topical KP-103 solution (0.25 to 1%) was dose-dependently effective in treating both dermatophytoses. A 1% KP-103-treatment rendered all infected skins culture-negative on day-2 posttreatment [3].
Quinoxyfen (DE-795) is a powdery mildew fungicide[1].
16,17-Dihydroheronamide C has antifungal activity and is designed as probe for the mode-of-action analysis of heronamide C[1].
Phosphoglycolohydroxamic acid is a potent aldolase and triose-phosphate isomerase inhibitor. Phosphoglycolohydroxamic acid can be used in the research of antibacterial and antifungal area[1][2].
Lyoniside is a lignan glycoside with antioxidant, allelopathic and antifungal activities, which can be isolated from the rhizomes and stems of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.). Lyoniside exhibits radical scavenging properties with an IC50 value of 23 μg/mL in DPPH assay. Lyoniside inhibits the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum and Mucor hiemalis at 50 μg/mL with inhibitory rates of 78% and 80%, respectively[1].
L18-MDP is a derivative of muramyl dipeptide, an antibacterial agent. L18-MDP has antibacterial activity and has potential applications in bacterial and fungal infections[1].
Diallyl Trisulfide is isolated from Garlic. Diallyl Trisulfide suppresses the growth of Penicillium expansum (MFC99 value: ≤ 90 μg/mL) and promotes apoptosis via production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disintegration of cellular ultrastructure. Anticancer effect[1].
Fosmanogepix (APX001) is a first-in-class and orally available broad-spectrum antifungal agent, which targets the highly conserved Gwt1 fungal enzyme. Fosmanogepix (APX001) is an N-phosphonooxymethyl prodrug which is rapidly and completely metabolized by systemic alkaline phosphatases to the active moiety, APX001A. Fosmanogepix (APX001) can be used in development for the treatment of invasive fungal infections[1][2].
Griseofulvin-13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled.
L-Diguluronic acid is a linear polysaccharide copolymer composed of two L-guluronic acid (G) and can be used to from Alginate[1]. Alginate is a generic name of unbranched polyanionic polysaccharides and can be used for the research of antifungal agents delivery carries[2].
Prothioconazole is a triazolinthione fungicide. Prothioconazole is a CYP51 inhibitor[1].
R66905 is a broad-spectrum antifungal triazole and has potent activity against Aspergillus with an MIC90 of 0.19 mg/L.
Rezafungin (Biafungin) is a next-generation, broad-spectrum, and long-lasting echinocandin. Rezafungin shows potent antifungal activity against Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., and Pneumocystis spp.[1][2].
Tetraconazole, a chiral triazole fungicide, is widely used for the prevention of plant disease in wheat fields[1]. Tetraconazole alters the methionine and ergosterol biosynthesis pathways in Saccharomyces yeasts promoting changes on volatile derived compounds[2].
Antifungal agent 70 (compound 13) is a dihydroeugenol-imidazole against multi-resistant Candida auris (MIC: 36.4 μM). Antifungal agent 70 shows antifungal activity[1].
Propamocarb is a systemic fungicide. Propamocarb is widely used to protect cucumbers, tomatoes and other plants from pathogens[1].
Rubropunctamine is a red azaphilone pigment isolated from the extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mold rice). Rubropunctamine has anti-inflammation activities[1][2].
Neocnidilide is an alkylphthalide, which has the activity of inhibiting the growth of mycotoxin-producing fungi. Neocnidilide also has larvicidal activity against D. melanogaster with a LC50 value of 9.9 μmol/mL[1][2].
Tolnaftate is a synthetic thiocarbamate used as an anti-fungal agent. Target: AntifungalTolnaftate blocked sterol biosynthesis in fungal cells and cell extracts, with accumulation of squalene. This point of action was confirmed by the direct inhibition of microsomal squalene epoxidase from Candida albicans [1]. Tolnaftate inhibited sterol biosynthesis, At 100 microM, tolnaftate caused up to a 30% release of intracellular [14C]aminoisobutyric acid [2].