Metallo-β-lactamase-IN-4 (compound 40) is a potent metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.1 μM (VIM-1), 1.3 μM (NDM-1), and 5.0 μM (IMP-7), respectively[1].
Cetalkonium chloride is an ammonium antiseptic agent used in many topical drugs for infections of mouth, throat and eye. Cetalkonium chloride acts as anti-inflammatory amphiphilic agent[1].
FtsZ-IN-2 (Compound 19) is an inhibitor of the bacterial cell division protein FtsZ with GTPase inhibitory activity. FtsZ-IN-2 exhibits anti-staphylococcal activity with MIC values of 2 µg/ml for MSSA and MRSA[1].
Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin which has a potent activity against a broad range of aerobic Gram-negative bacterial species with MIC50s of 2 μg/mL or less.
Fidaxomicin(OPT-80; PAR-101) is a new class of narrow spectrum macrocyclic antibiotic drug; selective eradication of pathogenic Clostridium difficile with minimal disruption to the multiple species of bacteria that make up the normal, healthy intestinal flora.
Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase-IN-1 is a potent acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor with an IC50 value of ＜5 nM. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase-IN-1 has antibacterial activity[1].
Cefixime trihydrate (FR-17027 trihydrate) is an antibiotic and a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections[1][2].
Dexamethasone-d4 is deuterium labeled Dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
KKL-35 is a trans-translation tagging reaction inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.9 µM.
Cefathiamidine is a first-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent and is used to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Cefathiamidine exhibits a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against bacteria. Cefathiamidine is used for the treatment of respiratory, liver, five senses, urinary tract infections, endocarditis and sepsis[1][2].
Dodicin hydrochloride is an effective disinfectant with broad antimicrobial activity[1].
Picloxydine is a heterocyclic biguanide with antibacterial and antiplaque activity.
4-Hydroxyoxyphenbutazone kills both replicating and nonreplicating (NR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), including Mtb resistant to standard drugs. 4-Hydroxyoxyphenbutazone is a potent inhibitor of cytokine production. 4-Hydroxyoxyphenbutazone is an immunosuppressive drug and has the potential for rheumatoid arthritis research[1][2].
Zapnometinib (PD0184264), an active metabolite of CI-1040, is a MEK inhibitor, with an IC50 of 5.7 nM. Zapnometinib exhibits antiviral activity against influenza virus and antibacterial activities[1][2][3].
Myristoyl glutamic acid sodium is a common ingredient in cosmetics/creams. Myristoyl glutamic acid sodium, a surfactant belonging to the amino acid, has mild cleaning properties and is also foamy and mildly bacteriostatic[1].
Ethambutol-d8 is deuterium labeled Ethambutol.
2-Methoxybenzaldehyde (o-Anisaldehyde), isolated from cinnamon essential oil (CEO), exists antibacterial and antifungal activity[1].
Thymol-d13 is the deuterium labeled Thymol[1]. Thymol is the main monoterpene phenol occurring in essential oils isolated from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and other plants such as those belonging to the Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Ranunculaceae and Apiaceae families. Thymol has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal effects[2].
N-Decyl-N,N-dimethyldecan-1-aminium chloride (Didecyldimethylammonium chloride) is a dialkyl-quaternary ammonium compound that is used in numerous products for its bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal properties[1].
Kanamycins sulfate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, can be used in certain severe staphylococcal or Gram-negative bacillary infections. Kanamycin sulfate has certain ototoxicity[1][2].
Colistin methanesulfonate sodium salt exhibits MIC values ranged from 4 to 16 mg/liter against susceptible strains (P. aeruginosa)[1].
HSGN-94 is a potent antimicrobial agent with lipoteichoic acid (LTA) biosynthesis inhibition. HSGN-94 inhibits drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria with MIC values of 0.25-2 μg/mL. HSGN-94 inhibits biofilm formation of MRSA and Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. HSGN-94 also inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines, exhibits in vivo efficacy in an MRSA murine wound infection model[1].
Tulathromycin A is a macrolide antibiotic.IC50 Value: 1 microg/ml (MIC90 for Pasteurella multocida) [2]Target: Antibacterialin vitro: Two highly pathogenic strains of M. bovis (with minimum inhibitory concentration values for tulathromycin of 1 and >64 microg/ml) were inoculated into 145 calves. Four days after inoculation, calves with clinical BRD were treated subcutaneously with saline or tulathromycin (2.5 mg/kg). Compared with saline, BRD-related withdrawals, peak rectal temperatures, and lung lesion scores were significantly lower for tulathromycin-treated calves (P < .01). Tulathromycin was highly effective in the treatment of BRD due to M. bovis in calves regardless of the minimum inhibitory concentration of the challenge strain (1 or >64 microg/ml) [1]. The lowest concentrations inhibiting the growth of 90% of isolates (MIC90) for tulathromycin were 2 microg/ml for Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, 1 microg/ml for Pasteurella multocida (bovine), and 2 microg/ml for Pasteurella multocida (porcine) and ranged from 0.5 to 4 microg/ml for Histophilus somni (Haemophilus somnus) and from 4 to 16 microg/ml for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae [2]. in vivo: Each study randomly allocated 250 calves to receivetulathromycin at 2.5 mg/kg and 250 calves to receive either tilmicosin at 10 mg/kg (Colorado site) or florfenicol at 40 mg/kg (Idaho and Texas sites) on arrival at the feedlot. Calves were housed by treatment group in pens with 50 calves/pen [3]. The treatment groups were physiologic saline (n = 160) given SC at 0.02 ml/kg, tulathromycin (n = 320) given SC at 2.5 mg/kg, and tilmicosin (n = 320) given SC at 10 mg/kg [4].Tulathromycin is a triamilide antimicrobial that has been approved for use in the treatment and prevention of bovine respiratory disease and the treatment of swine respiratory disease. Toxicity: No adverse events related to tulathromycin were reported [4].Clinical trial:
Maximin 8 is a antimicrobial peptide that can be found in B. maxima[1].
Lugdunin is an antibiotic peptide. Lugdunin inhibits bacteria by dissipating their membrane potential. Lugdunin is active against Gram-positive bacteria, such as S. aureus, and reduces S. aureus skin and nasal colonization. Lugdunin induces LL-37 and CXCL8/MIP-2 in human keratinocytes and mouse skin[1].
Kushenol W is a prenylated flavonoid that can be isolated from the root of Sophora flavescens. Kushenol W has antimicrobial effect, with a MIC of 10 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus[1].
Gemifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, is a potent and orally active antipneumococcal agent. Gemifloxacin shows bactericidal activity against highly quinolone-resistant pneumococci.Gemifloxacin can be used for the research of respiratory infections, such as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB)[1][2].
Antibacterial agent 35, an antibacterial agent, significantly lowers MIC value of antibacterial agent Ceftazidime[1].
Methyl anthranilate, a plant spice extract, is a quorum sensing inhibitor and anti-biofilm agent against Aeromonas sobria. Methyl anthranilate has been widely employed for the preparation of edible flavor and food additives in food processing industries[1].
Mafenide is a sulfonamide-type medication.Target: AntibacterialMafenide is a sulfonamide-type medication. Mafenide works by reducing the bacterial population present in the avascular tissues of burns and permits spontaneous healing of deep partial-thickness burns. It is used to treat severe burns. It is used topically as an adjunctive therapy for second- and third-degree burns. It is bacteriostatic against many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some sources state that mafenide is more appropriate for non-facial burns, while chloramphenicol/prednisolone or bacitracin are more appropriate for facial burns [1-3].