Bleomycin sulfate is a DNA synthesis inhibitor with potent antitumor activity.
Hygromycin A is a Borrelia burgdorferi-selective antibiotic. Hygromycin A is a spirochete-specific antibacterial that is conducive to gut health. Hygromycin A can be used for Lyme disease research[1].
Propylparaben-d4 is the deuterium labeled Propylparaben[1]. Propylparaben (Propyl parahydroxybenzoate) is an antimicrobial preservative which can be produced naturally by plants and bacteria. Propylparaben is prevalently used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. Propylparaben disrupts antral follicle growth and steroidogenic function by altering the cell-cycle, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis pathways. Propylparaben also decreases sperm number and motile activity in rats[2][3][4].
LasR-IN-4 is a potent LasR inhibitor. LasR-IN-4 can inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its biofilm formation, pyocyanin production, and rhamnolipids production[1].
2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, a natural phytochemical, is a known haustorial inducing factor. 2,6-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone exerts anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-adipogenic, antibacterial, and antimalaria effects[1].子
Mycaminosyltylonolide is a potent antibiotic. Mycaminosyltylonolide shows antibacterial activity. Mycaminosyltylonolide inhibits luciferase synthesis[1][2].
1,3-Dihydroxy-4-methoxy-10-methylacridin-9(10H)-one is an acridone alkaloid compound isolated from the fruits of Z. leprieurii and Z. zanthoxyloides. 1,3-Dihydroxy-4-methoxy-10-methylacridin-9(10H)-one has antibacterial activity[1].
Epiroprim (Ro11-8958) is a selective dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor. Epiroprim displays excellent activity against staphylococci, enterococci, pneumococci, and streptococci[1].
Bismuth subcarbonate (Bismuth carbonate oxide) is a typical Bi-based semiconductor that is widely applied as antibacterial, sensors, super capacitors, and photocatalysts. Bismuth subcarbonate protects the gastric ulcer from further erosion by gastric acid[1][2].
Polymyxin B is an antibiotic. Polymyxin B inhibits Gram-negative infections by binding to the LPS of the bacterial wall with high affinity. Polymyxin B neutralizes the effect of endotoxin. Polymyxin B induces bacterial death by increasing its permeability. Polymyxin B is used in endotoxemia research[1][3].
Comanthoside B is a flavonoid glycoside isolated from the aerial portions of Ruellia tuberosa L. Comanthoside B has anti-inflammatory and antiseptic activities[1].
Aureothricin is a dithiolopyrrolone (DTP) antibiotic first isolated from Streptomyces and exhibits relatively broad-spectrum antibiotic activity. Aureothricin can inhibit adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to vitronectin[1].
Erythromycin-d3 is the deuterium labeled Erythromycin[1]. Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic produced by actinomycete?Streptomyces erythreus?with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Erythromycin binds to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits and inhibits?RNA-dependent protein synthesis?by blockage of transpeptidation and/or translocation reactions, without affecting synthesis of nucleic acid. Erythromycin also exhibits antitumor and neuroprotective effect in different fields of research[2][3][4][5].
Megazol is an orally active antibacterial agent. Megazol has effective inhibitory against T. b. brueei with an EC50 of 0.01 μg/mL. Megazol can be used for the research of protozoan infections[1].
Eperezolid(PNU-100592) is a oxazolidinone antibacterial agent, Eperezolid demonstrated good in vitro inhibitory activity, regardless of methicillin susceptibility for staphylococci(MIC90= 1-4 mg/ml).IC50 value: 1-4 mg/ml (MIC90, staphylococci) [1]Target: AntibioticEperezolid binds specifically to the 50S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli. The specific binding of eperezolid is dose dependent and is proportional to the ribosome concentrations. Scatchard analysis of the binding data reveals that the dissociation constant (Kd) is about 20 microM. The binding of eperezolid to the ribosome is competitively inhibited by chloramphenicol and lincomycin. However, unlike chloramphenicol and lincomycin, eperezolid does not inhibit the puromycin reaction, indicating that the oxazolidinones have no effect on peptidyl transferase [2]. eperezolid was found to bind only to the 50S subunit, with similar affinity as to the 70S ribosome, and to have no affinity for the 30S subunit [3].
Almurtide (nor-MDP), a muramyl dipeptide derivative with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity. Almurtide also shows protective effects against intraperitoneal Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection or intravenously Candida albicans infection in mice. Almurtide also inhibits the carcinogenic Friend leukemia virus[1][2][3].
Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative, contributes to weight loss in mice. Guanidine hydrochloride is the compound derived from G. officinalis, which gave rise to the biguanides, metformin and phenformin. Galegine hydrochloride activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and L6 myotubes, as well as in the H4IIE rat hepatoma and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Galegine hydrochloride has antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains[1][2].
Moxalactam sodium salt is an antibiotic compound more effective against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosathan cephalosporins.
pleuromutilin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of bacteria.
Girinimbine (Girinimbin) is a carbazole alkaloid with a variety of biological effects. Girinimbine can induce apoptosis, and has antitrypanosomal, antiplatelet activity, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities[1][2][3].
Moxifloxacin is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibiotic agent.Target: AntibacterialMoxifloxacin is an extended-spectrum fluoroquinolone which has improved coverage against gram-positive cocci and atypical pathogens compared with older fluoroquinolone agents, while retaining good activity against gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial spectrum of moxifloxacin includes all major upper and lower respiratory tract pathogens; it is one of the most active fluoroquinolones against pneumococci, including penicillin- and macrolide-resistant strains [1]. Moxifloxacin has limited phototoxic potential. In clinical trials, moxifloxacin had clinical success rates of 88-97% and bacteriologic eradication rates of 90-97%. Moxifloxacin is a safe and effective antimicrobial that will be useful for treating acute sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and community-acquired pneumonia [2]. Moxifloxacin possibly stimulates lipid peroxidation and enhances phagocytosis, as depicted by MDA production and survival prolongation, without being toxic as depicted by white blood cell count [3]. Clinical indications: Abdominal abscess; Acute bronchitis; Acute sinusitis; Bacterial infectionToxicity: Symptoms of overdose include CNS and gastrointestinal effects such as decreased activity, somnolence, tremor, convulsions, vomiting, and diarrhea. The minimal lethal intravenous dose in mice and rats is 100 mg/kg.
Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium chloride dihydrate is a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) and can be used as a biocide to target antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa et. al. Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium chloride dihydrate, an antimicrobial agent, bacteriostatic or bactericidal properties depending on the concentration[1][2].
Brilliant green is a cationic dye used to color silk and wool. Brilliant green inhibits propagation of mold, intestinal parasites and fungus. Brilliant green is effective against Gram-positive bacteria[1][2].
Viroxocin is a diterpenoid. Viroxocin can be isolated from the roots of Salvia viridis L. cvar. Blue Jeans. Viroxocin also has weak antibacterial activity.
Antituberculosis agent-7, an oxetanyl-quinoline derivative, has shown good antibacterial activity against P. mirabilis with a MIC of 31.25 μM. Antituberculosis agent-7 shows good antifungal activity against A. niger with a MIC of 62.5 μM. Antituberculosis agent-7 shows excellent antimycobacterial activity with MIC 3.41 μM for M. tuberculosis H37Rv[1].
Spiramycin is a clinically important 16-member macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens.
Mansonone F is a potent anti-MRSA sesquiterpenoid quinone that can be found in Thespesia populnea[1].
Lonicerin is an anti-algE (alginate secretion protein) flavonoid with inhibitory activity for P. aeruginosa. Lonicerin prevents inflammation and apoptosis in LPS-induced acute lung injury[1][2].
S-6123 is a potent antimicrobial compound of the oxazolidinone series. S-6123 inhibits ribosomal protein synthesis without inhibiting DNA or RNA synthesis[1].
Antibacterial agent 28 is a potential antibacterial candidate for combating MRSA infections (MICs = 0.5–2 μg/mL).