Anti-infectives are drugs that can either kill an infectious agent or inhibit it from spreading. Anti-infectives include antibiotics and antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals and antiprotozoals.

Antibiotics specifically treat infections caused by bacteria, most commonly used types of antibiotics are: Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, Fluoroquinolones, Cephalosporins, Macrolides, and Tetracyclines. New other approaches such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and antibacterial peptides have been considered as alternatives to kill bacteria.

The high rates of morbidity and mortality caused by fungal infections are associated with the current limited antifungal arsenal and the high toxicity of the compounds. The most common antifungal targets include fungal RNA synthesis and cell wall and membrane components, though new antifungal targets are being investigated.

Viral infections occur when viruses enter cells in the body and begin reproducing, often causing illness. Viruses are classified as DNA viruses or RNA viruses, RNA viruses include retroviruses, such as HIV, are prone to mutate. The currently available antiviral drugs target 4 main groups of viruses: herpes, hepatitis, HIV and influenza viruses. Drug resistance in the clinical utility of antiviral drugs has raised an urgent need for developing new antiviral drugs.

Antiprotozoal drugs are medicines that treat infections caused by protozoa. Of which, malaria remains a major world health problem following the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum that is resistant to the majority of antimalarial drugs. At present, antimalarial discovery approaches have been studied, such as the discovery of antimalarials from natural sources, chemical modifications of existing antimalarials, the development of hybrid compounds, testing of commercially available drugs that have been approved for human use for other diseases and molecular modelling using virtual screening technology and docking.

References:
[1] Scorzoni L, et al. Front Microbiol. 2017 Jan 23;8:36.
[2] Dehghan Esmatabadi MJ, et al. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2017 Feb 28;63(2):40-48.
[3] Raymund R, et al. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011 Oct; 86(10):1009-1026.
[4] Aguiar AC, et al. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2012 Nov;107(7):831-45.


Anti-infection >
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15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
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7-Oxo-ganoderic acid Z

7-Oxo-ganoderic acid Z, a terpenoid, is a nature product that could be isolated from Resina Commiphora. 7-Oxo-ganoderic acid Z has Anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 929248-72-6
  • MF: C30H46O4
  • MW: 470.684
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 603.5±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 332.8±28.0 °C

ML188

ML188, a first in class probe, is a selective non-covalent SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.5 μM. Antiviral activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 1417700-13-0
  • MF: C26H31N3O3
  • MW: 433.54
  • Catalog: SARS-CoV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Mulberroside C

Mulberroside C is one of the main bioactive constituents in mulberry (Morus alba L.)[1]. Mulberroside C is a HCV replicon inhibitor. Antiviral activity[2].

  • CAS Number: 102841-43-0
  • MF: C24H26O9
  • MW: 458.458
  • Catalog: HCV
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 735.5±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 398.6±32.9 °C

Dimethyl Glutamate

Dimethyl L-glutamate (Dimethyl glutamate), a membrane-permeable analog of Glutamate, can stimulate insulin release induced by Glucose. Dimethyl L-glutamate suppresses the KATP channel activities. Dimethyl L-glutamate inhibits E. gracilis growth and causes abnormal cell division. Dimethyl L-glutamate can be used in the research of diabetes, glucose transport, phosphorylation, and further metabolism[1][2][3][4].

  • CAS Number: 6525-53-7
  • MF: C7H13NO4
  • MW: 175.18200
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.129 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 224.292ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 76.674ºC

Oxibendazole

Oxibendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic Target: AntiparasiticOxibendazole is a benzimidazole drug that is used to protect against roundworms, strongyles, threadworms, pinworms and lungworm infestations in horses and some domestic pets. It is usually white to yellowish in appearance, and may take the form of a powder or a tablet. From Wikipedia.

  • CAS Number: 20559-55-1
  • MF: C12H15N3O3
  • MW: 249.266
  • Catalog: Parasite
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 459ºC
  • Melting Point: 230-231°C
  • Flash Point: N/A

EPIROPRIM

Epiroprim (Ro11-8958) is a selective dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor. Epiroprim displays excellent activity against staphylococci, enterococci, pneumococci, and streptococci[1].

  • CAS Number: 73090-70-7
  • MF: C19H23N5O2
  • MW: 353.41800
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.27g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 626.5ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 332.7ºC

Durlobactam sodium salt

Durlobactam sodium salt (ETX2514) is a broad-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor with IC50s of 4, 14 and 190 nM for Class A KPC-2, Class C AmpC and Class D OXA-24, respectively. For the treatment of drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria including Acinetobacter baumannii[1].

  • CAS Number: 1467157-21-6
  • MF: C8H10N3NaO6S
  • MW: 299.24
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Aurein 3.2

Aurein 3.2 is an antibiotic antimicrobial peptide. Aurein 3.2 also has anticancer activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 302343-14-2
  • MF: C82H138N22O21
  • MW: 1768.11
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Amoxicillin Trihydrate

Amoxicillin Trihydrate is a moderate- spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic.Target: AntibacterialAmoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic in the aminopenicillin family used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. It is usually the drug of choice within the class because it is better-absorbed, following oral administration, than other β-lactam antibiotics. Amoxicillin is susceptible to degradation by β-lactamase-producing bacteria, which are resistant to a narrow spectrum of β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin. For this reason, it is often combined with clavulanic acid, a β-lactamase inhibitor. This increases effectiveness by reducing its susceptibility to β-lactamase resistance. From Wikipedia.

  • CAS Number: 61336-70-7
  • MF: C16H25N3O8S
  • MW: 419.450
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.54g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 743.2ºC at 760 mmHg Vapour
  • Melting Point: >200ºC (dec.)
  • Flash Point: 403.3ºC

HIV-1 inhibitor-38

HIV-1 inhibitor-38 (Compound 91) is a potent HIV-1. HIV-1 inhibitor-38 has the potential for further development as novel latency reversing agents[1].

  • CAS Number: 2416971-48-5
  • MF: C15H13Cl3N6
  • MW: 383.66
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Bismuth subcarbonate

Bismuth subcarbonate (Bismuth carbonate oxide) is a typical Bi-based semiconductor that is widely applied as antibacterial, sensors, super capacitors, and photocatalysts. Bismuth subcarbonate protects the gastric ulcer from further erosion by gastric acid[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 5892-10-4
  • MF: CBi2O5
  • MW: 509.969
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 6.86 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
  • Boiling Point: 333.6ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 308(分解)ºC
  • Flash Point: 169.8ºC

Grosvenorin

Grosvenorine is the major flavonoid compound of the fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii. Grosvenorine exhibits good antibacterial and antioxidant activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 156980-60-8
  • MF: C33H40O19
  • MW: 740.659
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1067.8±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 336.8±27.8 °C

Iturin A

IturinA exhibits strong antifungal activity against pathogenic yeast and fungi. Iturin A interacts with the cytoplasmic membrane of the target cell forming ion conducting pores.

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3-hydroxypyrazine-2-carboxamide

T-1105, a novel broad-spectrum viral polymerase inhibitor, structural analogue of T-705, inhibits the polymerases of RNA viruses after being converted to ribonucleoside triphosphate (RTP) metabolite[1]. T-1105 has antiviral activity against various RNA viruses, including Zika virus (ZIKV), influenza virus, arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, West Nile virus (WNV), yellow fever virus (YFV), and foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). T-1105 can be formed by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase[2].

  • CAS Number: 55321-99-8
  • MF: C5H5N3O2
  • MW: 139.112
  • Catalog: Influenza Virus
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 640.8±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: ca 270℃
  • Flash Point: 341.3±31.5 °C

Ellagic acid 4-O-β-D-xylopyranoside

Ellagic acid 4-O-β-D-xylopyranoside is a natural ellagitannin with antimicrobial activity. Ellagic acid 4-O-β-D-xylopyranoside is an Xanthine Oxidase inhibitor with an 50 of 2.1 μg/mL[1].

  • CAS Number: 139163-18-1
  • MF: C19H14O12
  • MW: 434.30700
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 2.007g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 899.7ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 325.2ºC

XSJ2-46

XSJ2-46, 5'-amino NI analog, is an antiviral agent. XSJ2-46 has anti-Zika virus activity. XSJ2-46 exhibits reasonable inhibition of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp) with an IC50 value of 8.78 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 2265911-12-2
  • MF: C25H24ClF3N6O3
  • MW: 548.94
  • Catalog: Influenza Virus
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Demeclocycline hydrochloride

Demeclocycline Hcl is a tetracycline antibiotic; is an antibiotic in the treatment of Lyme disease, acne, and bronchitis.

  • CAS Number: 64-73-3
  • MF: C21H22Cl2N2O8
  • MW: 501.314
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 795.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: >245°C (dec.)
  • Flash Point: 435.2ºC

polymyxin B2

Polymyxin B is an antibiotic. Polymyxin B inhibits Gram-negative infections by binding to the LPS of the bacterial wall with high affinity. Polymyxin B neutralizes the effect of endotoxin. Polymyxin B induces bacterial death by increasing its permeability. Polymyxin B is used in endotoxemia research[1][3].

  • CAS Number: 1404-26-8
  • MF: C55H96N16O13
  • MW: 1189.450
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1572.3±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 904.7±34.3 °C

DNA Gyrase-IN-5

DNA Gyrase-IN-5 (Compound 8I-w) is a potent DNA gyrase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.10 μM. DNA Gyrase-IN-5 shows antibacterial activities against wild type and drug-resistant strains[1].

  • CAS Number: 2417016-23-8
  • MF: C25H15BrClN5
  • MW: 500.78
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Censavudine

Censavudine (OBP-601; BMS-986001), a nucleoside analog, is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Censavudine is a potent HIV inhibitor with EC50 ranges from 30 nM to 81 nM and 450 nM to 890 nM for HIV-2 and HIV-1, respectively[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 634907-30-5
  • MF: C12H12N2O4
  • MW: 248.23500
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N-[3-[(3-Hydroxyphenyl)amino]-2-quinoxalinyl]benzenesulfonamide

HIV-IN-6 is a HIV-Ⅰ viral replication inhibitor by targeting Src family kinases (SFK) that interact with Nef protein of the virus, such as Hck[1].

  • CAS Number: 301357-74-4
  • MF: C20H16N4O3S
  • MW: 392.43
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Avibactam sodium

Avibactam sodium is a covalent and reversible β-lactamase inhibitor which inhibits β-lactamase TEM-1 and CTX-M-15 with IC50s of 8 nM and 5 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1192491-61-4
  • MF: C7H10N3NaO6S
  • MW: 287.226
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Eravacycline dihydrochloride

Eravacycline dihydrochloride (TP-434 dihydrochloride) is a potent and broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.

  • CAS Number: 1334714-66-7
  • MF: C27H33Cl2FN4O8
  • MW: 631.477
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KKL-10

KKL-10 is a small-molecule ribosome rescue inhibitor with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria.

  • CAS Number: 952849-76-2
  • MF: C14H10BrN3O2S
  • MW: 364.22
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

FabG1-IN-1

FabG1-IN-1 (Compound 29) is a potent MabA (FabG1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 38 µM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1051177-61-7
  • MF: C14H8Cl2INO3
  • MW: 436.03
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Sclareolide

Sclareolide is isolated from the flower of Salvia sclarea with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 564-20-5
  • MF: C16H26O2
  • MW: 250.376
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 321.4±10.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 124-126ºC
  • Flash Point: 132.4±16.4 °C

Mildiomycin

Mildiomycin is a Streptoverticillium rimofaciens antibiotic against powdery mildew of barley. Mildiomycin inhibits some Mycobacterium and Rhodotorula growth, but fails against most fungi and bacteria[1].

  • CAS Number: 67527-71-3
  • MF: C19H30N8O9
  • MW: 514.49000
  • Catalog: Fungal
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Teixobactin

Teixobactin is a potent antibiotic. Teixobactin shows antibacterial activity for gram-negative bacteria. Teixobactin inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding to a highly conserved motif of lipid II and lipid III[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 1613225-53-8
  • MF: C58H95N15O15
  • MW: 1242.47000
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N-(3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl)-DL-homoserine lactone

N-(3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl)-DL-homoserine lactone (N-(3-oxodecanoyl)-homoserine lactone) is a member of N-Acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) from V. alginolyticus strains. N-(3-Hydroxytetradecanoyl)-DL-homoserine lactone is used for biofilm formation and has antibacterial activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 172670-99-4
  • MF: C18H33NO4
  • MW: 327.45900
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.04±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: 549.3±50.0 °C(Predicted)
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ALS-8112

ALS-8112 is a potent and selective respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) polymerase inhibitor. The 5'-triphosphate form of ALS-8112 inhibits RSV polymerase with an IC50 of 0.02 μM.

  • CAS Number: 1445379-92-9
  • MF: C10H13ClFN3O4
  • MW: 293.679
  • Catalog: RSV
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 532.8±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 276.0±32.9 °C