5-Hydroxyoxindole is a structural analog of uric acid. 5-Hydroxyoxindole has DPPH radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation-inhibitory activities. 5-Hydroxyoxindole can be used for the research of oxidative stress-mediated disorders[1].
PF-07258669 is a melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4) antagonist. PF-07258669 can be used for the research of cachexia, anorexia, or anorexia nervosa[1].
2'-O-Methylguanosine is a modified nucleoside produced in tRNAs by the action of tRNA guanosine-2’-O-methyltransferase. 2'-O-Methylguanosine results in apoptotic changes of cells[1][2].
cis-ent-Tadalafil (Tadalafil EP Impurity C) is a highly potent PDE5 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 5 nM and has blood pressure lowering activity[1].
FSG67 is a glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) inhibitor with an IC50 of 24 μM[1].
Pumosetrag Hydrochloride (MKC-733; DDP-733) is an orally available 5-HT3 partial agonist developed for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Ibiglustat L-Malic acid (Venglustat L-Malic acid) is a selective inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase.
TIM-063 (TIM063) is a potent, selective, ATP-competitive CaMKK inhibitor with Ki of 0.35/0.2 uM for CaMKKα and CaMKKβ, respectively.TIM-063 directly targets the catalytic domain of CaMKK, similar to STO-609.TIM-063 suppressed the ionomycin-induced phosphorylation of exogenously expressed CaMKI, CaMKIV, and endogenous AMPKα in HeLa cells with an IC50 of 0.3 uM.TIM-063 suppressed CaMKK isoform-mediated CaMKIV phosphorylation in transfected COS-7 cells.TIM-063 displayed cell permeability and the ability to inhibit CaMKK activity in cells. TIM-063 is a useful chemical probe for the precise analysis of CaMKK-mediated signaling pathways.
Deoxycalyciphylline B is a hepatotoxic alkaloid that can be isolated from Daphniphyllum calycinum[1].
A highly potent, subtype-selective melanin concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) inhibitor with Ki of 17 nM, without inhibitory activity for MCHR2 at 10 uM; exhibits functional potency with Kb of 117 nM in FLIPR-based assay, with no activity for MCHR2 at 10 uM, dose-dependently reduces body weight in a chronic diet-induced obese model.
HA-1004 is a selective inhibitor of PKA, which can inhibit lipolysis and induce vascular relaxation. HA-1004 is also a dual inhibitor of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein, and is involved in smooth muscle, second messenger, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP regulation mechanisms. HA-1004 can be used as a vasodilator to inhibit the contraction of rabbit aortic strips, or to antagonize ERK and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) phosphorylation in morphine abstinence rat models[1][2][3].
3α,12β-Dihydroxycholanoic acid is a bile acid that can be isolated from urine specimens of healthy humans[1].
3-Phosphoglyceric acid barium is a metabolic intermediate in both glycolysis and the Calvin cycle. 3-Phosphoglyceric acid barium is involved in alveolar macrophage epigenetic regulation[1].
Iscalimab (CFZ-533) is a non-depleting IGg1 monoclonal antibody targeting CD40 (KD: 0.3 nM). Iscalimab can be used for research of Graves' hyperthyroidism and autoimmune diseases[1][2][3].
Bromodomain inhibitor-9 is a Bromodomains inhibitor that selectively inhibits BRD4-1 (Kd: 12 nM). Bromodomain inhibitor-9 can be used in the research of diseases or conditions associated with systemic or tissue inflammation, lipid metabolism, fibrosis or chronic autoimmune diseases[1].
Adenosylhomocysteinase (SAHH; AHCY) is a highly conserved enzyme. Adenosylhomocysteinase reversible catalyzes S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) to adenosine and L-homocysteine. The serum exosomal Adenosylhomocysteinase level can be used as a prognostic biomarker in HBV-LC patients[1][2].
Adenylosuccinic acid (Adenylosuccinate; Aspartyl adenylate) is a purine ribonucleoside monophosphate and plays a role in nucleotide cycle metabolite. Adenylosuccinic acid can be converted into fumaric acid through adenylosuccinate lyase. Adenylosuccinic acid has the potential for the study of duchenne muscular dystrophy(DMD)[1].
Leucine dehydrogenase can be purified from Bacillus spheroides. Leucine dehydrogenase catalyzed the oxidative deamination of L-leucine, L-valine, L-isoleucine, L-norvaline, L-alpha-aminobutyrate, and L-norleucine, and the reductive amination of their keto analogues[1].
PF-04991532 is a potent, hepatoselective glucokinase activator with EC50s of 80 and 100 nM in human and rat, respectively.
Tetrathiomolybdate, an orally active anti-copper agent, reduces copper levels in the body. Tetrathiomolybdate has a protective effect on collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Tetrathiomolybdate also reduces blood sugar, but has no effect on mice with hereditary diabetes (db/db). Tetrathiomolybdate inhibit angiogenesis, also shows antiangiogenic effects in malignant pleural mesothelioma[1][2][3].
Gastrin I (1-14), human is 1-14 fragment of human gastrin I peptide. Gastrin I is an endogenous, gastrointestinal peptide hormone. Gastrin is the major hormonal regulator of gastric acid secretion[1].
Cinnamoylglycine is a glycine conjugate of cinnamic acid and a urinary metabolite in human. Cinnamoylglycine is used as a potential urinary biomarker indicating intact or disrupted colonization resistance during and after antibiotic treatment[1].
preQ1 dihydrochloride is a modified, guanine-derived nucleobase and a precursor of Queuine (HY-N10574) biosynthesis. preQ1 dihydrochloride binds to the aptamer of PreQ1 riboswitch with high affinity[1].
Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate), an active component of Zanthoxylum armatum, is a widely used natural flavor compound. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) possesses antimicrobial activity and is a tyrosinase inhibitor that can prevent food browning. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) has antiadipogenic activity through mechanisms mediated, in part, by the CaMKK2-AMPK signaling pathway[1].
GSK0660 is a potent antagonist of PPARβ and PPARδ, with IC50s of 155 nM for both isoforms.
(rel)-Atorvastatin, a relative configuration of Atorvastatin. Atorvastatin is an orally active HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has the ability to effectively decrease blood lipids. Atorvastatin inhibits human SV-SMC proliferation and invasion with IC50s of 0.39 μM and 2.39 μM, respectively[1][2][3].
Clathrin-IN-2 is potent inhibitor of clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME) with an IC50 value of 2.3 μM. Clathrin-IN-2 also has inhibitiory for dyn I GTPase with an IC50 value of 7.7 μM[1].
(Glu17,21,24)-Osteocalcin (1-49) (human) is a bone-specific protein involved in bone formation and glucose metabolism[1].
Bevantolol hydrochloride is a selective β1 and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist with pKi values of 7.83, 6.9 in rat cerebral cortex, respectively. Bevantolol hydrochloride is a potent Ca2+ antagonist[1][2].