The diseases caused by disorders of the immune system fall into two broad categories: immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. Immunotherapy is also often used in the immunosuppressed (such as HIV patients) and people suffering from other immune deficiencies or autoimmune diseases. This includes regulating factors such as IL-2, IL-10, IFN-α. Infection with HIV is characterized not only by development of profound immunodeficiency but also by sustained inflammation and immune activation. Chronic inflammation as a critical driver of immune dysfunction, premature appearance of aging-related diseases, and immune deficiency.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
Autophagy LRRK2 ULK Mitophagy
Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK
Epigenetics >
AMPK Aurora Kinase DNA Methyltransferase Epigenetic Reader Domain HDAC Histone Acetyltransferase Histone Demethylase Histone Methyltransferase JAK MicroRNA PARP PKC Sirtuin Protein Arginine Deiminase
GPCR/G Protein >
5-HT Receptor Adenosine Receptor Adenylate Cyclase Adiponectin Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptor Bradykinin Receptor Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCR CGRP Receptor Cholecystokinin Receptor CRFR CXCR Dopamine Receptor EBI2/GPR183 Endothelin Receptor GHSR Glucagon Receptor Glucocorticoid Receptor GNRH Receptor GPCR19 GPR109A GPR119 GPR120 GPR139 GPR40 GPR55 GPR84 Guanylate Cyclase Histamine Receptor Imidazoline Receptor Leukotriene Receptor LPL Receptor mAChR MCHR1 (GPR24) Melatonin Receptor mGluR Motilin Receptor Neurokinin Receptor Neuropeptide Y Receptor Neurotensin Receptor Opioid Receptor Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Oxytocin Receptor P2Y Receptor Prostaglandin Receptor Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR) Ras RGS Protein Sigma Receptor Somatostatin Receptor TSH Receptor Urotensin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Melanocortin Receptor
Immunology/Inflammation >
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor CCR Complement System COX CXCR FLAP Histamine Receptor IFNAR Interleukin Related IRAK MyD88 NO Synthase NOD-like Receptor (NLR) PD-1/PD-L1 PGE synthase Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK) SPHK STING Thrombopoietin Receptor Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Arginase
JAK/STAT Signaling >
EGFR JAK Pim STAT
MAPK/ERK Pathway >
ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
ATP Synthase BCRP Calcium Channel CFTR Chloride Channel CRAC Channel CRM1 EAAT2 GABA Receptor GlyT HCN Channel iGluR Monoamine Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter Na+/K+ ATPase nAChR NKCC P-glycoprotein P2X Receptor Potassium Channel Proton Pump SGLT Sodium Channel TRP Channel URAT1
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
PROTAC E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate Ligand for E3 Ligase PROTAC Linker PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
Stem Cell/Wnt >
Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
TGF-beta/Smad >
TGF-beta/Smad PKC ROCK TGF-β Receptor
Vitamin D Related >
VD/VDR
Others >
Androgen Receptor Aromatase Estrogen Receptor/ERR Progesterone Receptor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Others

aa74-1

AA74-1 is a potent and selective inhibitor of APEH. AA74-1 significantly increases T cells proliferation by blocking the APEH activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 1361532-00-4
  • MF: C16H28N4O2
  • MW: 308.42
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GNE-293

GNE-293 is a potent and selective PI3Kδ inhibitor with Ki of 0.47 nM, displays 256, 420, 219-fold selectivity over PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kγ, respectively; exhibits excellent potency in human whole blood (HWB) assay (CD69 HWB IC50=4.38 nM); possesses favorable pharmacokinetic properties and orally bioavailable.

  • CAS Number: 1354955-67-1
  • MF: C28H36N8O4S
  • MW: 580.702
  • Catalog: PI3K
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 853.5±75.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 470.0±37.1 °C

LY223982

LY223982 is a potent and specific inhibitor of leukotriene B4 receptor, with an IC50 of 13.2 nM against [3H]LTB4 binding to LTB4 receptor.

  • CAS Number: 117423-74-2
  • MF: C30H30O7
  • MW: 502.555
  • Catalog: Leukotriene Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 753.8±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 248.4±26.4 °C

Isoangustone A

Isoangustone A is an anticancer and anti-inflammatory agent. Isoangustone A induces cancer cells apoptosis and autophagic cell death[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 129280-34-8
  • MF: C25H26O6
  • MW: 422.47
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 668.1±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 229.0±25.0 °C

Peficitinib

Peficitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor, with IC50s of 3.9, 5.0, 0.7 and 4.8 nM for JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and Tyk2, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 944118-01-8
  • MF: C18H22N4O2
  • MW: 326.393
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Loganic acid 6′-O-β-D-glucoside

Loganic acid 6′-O-β-D-glucoside, a iridoidal glucoside, is isolated from the whole plant of Gentiana rhodantha (Gentianaceae). Loganic acid 6′-O-β-D-glucoside inhibits LPS-induced NO and TNF-α production in macrophage RAW264.7 cells[1].

  • CAS Number: 176226-39-4
  • MF: C22H34O
  • MW: 538.5
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Gallic acid hydrate

Gallic acid (3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid) hydrate is a natural polyhydroxyphenolic compound and an free radical scavenger to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)[1]. Gallic acid hydrate has various activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticance activities[2].

  • CAS Number: 5995-86-8
  • MF: C7H8O6
  • MW: 188.135
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.694
  • Boiling Point: 596.6ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 252 °C (dec.)(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 250 °C

Antroquinonol

Antroquinonol ((+)-Antroquinonol), a ubiquinone derivative from the mushroom Antrodia camphorata, has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects[1]. Antroquinonol can be used for the research of colon cancer[2]. Antroquinonol reduces oxidative stress by enhancing the Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibits inflammation and sclerosis in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis mice[3].

  • CAS Number: 1010081-09-0
  • MF: C24H38O4
  • MW: 390.56
  • Catalog: Keap1-Nrf2
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ginsenoside Rg6

Ginsenoside Rg6 is the component isolated from notoginseng. Ginsenoside Rg6 inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 29.34±2.22 μM in HepG2 cells. Ginsenoside Rg6 also exhibits apoptosis-inducing effect.

  • CAS Number: 147419-93-0
  • MF: C42H70O12
  • MW: 766.998
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 850.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 468.2±34.3 °C

Rhodojaponin V

Rhodojaponin V is a diterpenoid from the leaves of Rhododendron molle with anti-inflammatory activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 37720-86-8
  • MF: C22H34O7
  • MW: 410.501
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 551.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 232 °C
  • Flash Point: 187.5±23.6 °C

ERK1/2 inhibitor 3

ERK1/2 inhibitor 3 is a potent inhibitor of ERK1/2. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an extremely important role in the signal transduction pathway, and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the MAPK family. ERK1/2 inhibitor 3 has the potential for the research or prevention of cancer, inflammation or other proliferative diseases (extracted from patent WO2021218912A1, compound 1)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2737294-99-2
  • MF: C28H31ClFN5O6S
  • MW: 620.09
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Diphyllin

Diphyllin is an arylnaphthalene lignan isolated from Justicia procumbens and is a potent HIV-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.38 μM. Diphyllin is active against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and influenza virus[1]. Diphyllin is a vacuolar type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 17 nM and inhibits lysosomal acidification in human osteoclasts[2]. Diphyllin inhibits NO production with an IC50 of 50 μM and has anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities[3].

  • CAS Number: 22055-22-7
  • MF: C21H16O7
  • MW: 380.34800
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: 1.445g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 638.8ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 290 ºC (methanol )
  • Flash Point: 232.4ºC

Opicinumab

Opicinumab (BIIB033) is a monoclonal antibody against LINGO-1 and has potential application in acute optic neuritis and relapse multiple sclerosis[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1422268-07-2
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-LOX-IN-1

5-LOX-IN-1 (compound 2b) is an inhibitor of human 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with an IC50 value of 2.3 μM. 5-LOX-IN-1 can be used for the research of inflammation[1].

  • CAS Number: 55040-82-9
  • MF: C20H18N2O2S
  • MW: 350.43
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Eugenol

Eugenol is an essential oil found in cloves with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activity. Eugenol is shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation.

  • CAS Number: 97-53-0
  • MF: C10H12O2
  • MW: 164.201
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 255.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: −12-−10 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 119.8±8.1 °C

Carvedilol-d5

Carvedilol-d5 is deuterium labeled Carvedilol. Carvedilol (BM 14190) is a non-selective β/α-1 blocker[1]. Carvedilol inhibits lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 5 μM. Carvedilol is a multiple action antihypertensive agent with potential use in angina and congestive heart failure[2]. Carvedilol is an autophagy inducer that inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome[3].

  • CAS Number: 929106-58-1
  • MF: C24H21D5N2O4
  • MW: 411.51
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

IHVR-11029

IHVR-11029 is a small molecule inhibitor of ER α-glucosidases, with an EC50 of 0.09 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1383152-30-4
  • MF: C18H27F2NO5
  • MW: 375.41
  • Catalog: Glucokinase
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 546.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 284.4±30.1 °C

Jaceosidin

Jaceosidin is a flavonoid isolated from Artemisia vestita, induces apoptosis in cancer cells, activates Bax and down-regulates Mcl-1 and c-FLIP expression[1]. Jaceosidin exhibits anti-cancer[2], anti-inflammatory activities, decreases leves of inflammatory markers, and suppresses COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation[3].

  • CAS Number: 18085-97-7
  • MF: C17H14O7
  • MW: 330.29
  • Catalog: Bcl-2 Family
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 619.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 232.0±25.0 °C

SRS16-86

SRS16-86 is a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis[1]. SRS16-86 is more stable than more stable to metabolism and plasma than Ferrostatin-1 in vivo. SRS16-86 can be used for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) research[2][3].

  • CAS Number: 1793052-96-6
  • MF: C26H32N4O2
  • MW: 432.558
  • Catalog: Ferroptosis
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 614.9±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 325.7±31.5 °C

Phosphoramidon disodium salt

Phosphoramidon disodium is a metalloprotease inhibitor. Phosphoramidon inhibits endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE), neutral endopeptidase (NEP), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) with IC50 values of 3.5, 0.034, and 78 μM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 164204-38-0
  • MF: C23H32N3Na2O10P
  • MW: 587.47
  • Catalog: Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Linvencorvir

Linvencorvir is an antiviral agent[1].

  • CAS Number: 1808248-05-6
  • MF: C29H35FN6O5S
  • MW: 598.69
  • Catalog: Infection
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

RO0270608

RO0270608, the active metabolite of R411, is a dual alpha4beta1-alpha4beta7 (α4β1/α4β7) integrin antagonist. Antiinflammatory activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 220846-33-3
  • MF: C24H19Cl3N2O4
  • MW: 505.77800
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

VRT-043198

VRT-043198, the drug metabolite of VX-765 (Belnacasan), is a potent, selective and blood-brain barrier permeable inhibitor of interleukin-converting enzyme/caspase-1 subfamily caspases. VRT-043198 exhibits Ki values of 0.8 nM and 0.6 nM for ICE/caspase-1 and caspase-4, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 244133-31-1
  • MF: C22H29ClN4O6
  • MW: 480.94
  • Catalog: Caspase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Dehydroglyasperin D

Dehydroglyasperin D inhibits rat and human Aldose Reductase (AR) (IC50: 62.4 μM and 176.2 μM respectively). Dehydroglyasperin D has anti-obesity, antioxidant effects. Dehydroglyasperin D shows anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting COX-2 expression and the MLK3 signaling pathway. Dehydroglyasperin D also inhibits melanin synthesis. Dehydroglyasperin D is a prenylated flavonoid that can be isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensi[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 517885-72-2
  • MF: C22H24O5
  • MW: 368.42
  • Catalog: COX
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 557.9±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 291.2±30.1 °C

UCB-9260

UCB-9260, an orally active compound, inhibits TNF signalling by stabilising an asymmetric form of the trimer. UCB-9260 is selective for TNF over other superfamily members, and binds TNF with a similar Kd of 13 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1515888-53-5
  • MF: C26H25N5O
  • MW: 423.51
  • Catalog: Inflammation/Immunology
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Povorcitinib phosphate

Povorcitinib phosphate is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1. Povorcitinib phosphate has the potential for the research of disease selected from cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and Lichen planus (LP)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1637677-33-8
  • MF: C23H25F5N7O5P
  • MW: 605.45
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Adenosine amine congener

Adenosine amine congener (ADAC) is a selective A1 adenosine receptor agonist, can ameliorate noise- and Cisplatin-induced cochlear injury. Adenosine amine congener also has neuroprotective effects[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 96760-69-9
  • MF: C28H32N8O6
  • MW: 576.60400
  • Catalog: Adenosine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MyD88-IN-1

MyD88-IN-1 is a potent MyD88 inhibitor. MyD88-IN-1 inhibits the interaction of TLR4 and MyD88 and suppressed the NF-κB pathway. MyD88-IN-1 can be used in research of cancer and inflammatory[1].

  • CAS Number: 2911609-80-6
  • MF: C23H24N6O7S
  • MW: 528.54
  • Catalog: MyD88
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tipelukast

Tipelukast (KCA 757) is a sulfidopeptide leukotriene receptor antagonist, an orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory agent and used for the treatment of asthma.

  • CAS Number: 125961-82-2
  • MF: C29H38O7S
  • MW: 530.673
  • Catalog: Leukotriene Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 735.3±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 398.5±32.9 °C

ERK1/2 inhibitor 4

ERK1/2 inhibitor 5 is a potent inhibitor of ERK1/2. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an extremely important role in the signal transduction pathway, and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) is a member of the MAPK family. ERK1/2 inhibitor 5 has the potential for the research or prevention of cancer, inflammation or other proliferative diseases (extracted from patent WO2020238776A1)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2490396-99-9
  • MF: C28H31ClFN5O5S
  • MW: 604.09
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A