Cell Cycle includes many processes necessary for successful self-replication, and consists of DNA synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases separated by gap phases in the order G1–S–G2–M. S phase and M phase are usually separated by gap phases called G1 and G2, when cell-cycle progression can be regulated by various intracellular and extracellular signals. In order to move from one phase of its life cycle to the next, a cell must pass through numerous checkpoints. At each checkpoint, specialized proteins determine whether the necessary conditions exist. Progression through G1 phase is controlled by pRB proteins, and phosphorylation of pRB proteins by CDKs releases E2F factors, promoting the transition to S phase. The G2/M transition that commits cells to division is a default consequence of initiating the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, many proteins, such Wee1, PLK1 and cdc25, is involved the regulation of this process. The best-understood checkpoints are those activated by DNA damage and problems with DNA replication.

DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Genome instability arises if cells initiate mitosis when chromosomes are only partially replicated or are damaged by a double-strand DNA break (DSB). To prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis, ATR inhibits cyclin B/Cdk1 activation by stimulating the Cdk1 inhibitory kinase Wee1 and inhibiting Cdc25C via Chk1, besides, ATM and ATR also initiate DNA repair by phosphorylating several other substrates.

In cancer cells, the cell cycle regulators as well as other elements of the DDR pathway have been found to protect tumor cells from different stresses and to promote tumor progression. Thus, cell cycle proteins that directly regulate cell cycle progression (such as CDKs), as well as checkpoint kinases, Aurora kinases and PLKs, are promising targets in cancer therapy.

References:
[1] Rhind N, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct; 4(10): a005942.
[2] Duronio RJ, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Mar; 5(3): a008904.
[3] Liu W, et al. Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 14;16(1):60.
[4] Ghelli Luserna di Rora' A, et al. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 Mar 29;10(1):77.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
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15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
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Supinoxin

Supinoxin (RX-5902) is an orally active inhibitor of phosphorylated-p68 RNA helicase (P-p68) and a potent first-in-class anti-cancer agent. Supinoxin interacts with Y593 phosphorylated-p68 and attenuates the nuclear shuttling of β-catenin. Supinoxin induces cell apoptosis and inhibits growth of TNBC cancer cell lines with IC50s ranging from 10 nM to 20 nM[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 888478-45-3
  • MF: C22H24FN5O4
  • MW: 441.46
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ATR-IN-17

ATR-IN-17 (compound 88) is a potent ATR kinase inhibitor. ATR-IN-17 shows good anticancer activity in LoVo cells, with an IC50 of 1 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 2761194-15-2
  • MF: C22H28N6O2S
  • MW: 440.56
  • Catalog: ATM/ATR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BML-259

BML-259 is a potent cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) inhibitor, with IC50s of 64 and 98 nM for Cdk5 and Cdk2, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 267654-00-2
  • MF: C14H16N2OS
  • MW: 260.35
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N-Hydroxy-N'-(3-pyridinyl)octanediamide

Pyroxamide is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) with an ID50 of 100 nM. Pyroxamide can induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in leukemia.

  • CAS Number: 382180-17-8
  • MF: C13H19N3O3
  • MW: 265.308
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2’-Deoxy-2’-fluoro-alpha-D-arabinoguanosine

2’-Deoxy-2’-fluoro-alpha-D-arabinoguanosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2072145-29-8
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KX2-391

KX2-391 is an inhibitor of Src that targets the peptide substrate site of Src, with GI50 of 9-60 nM in cancer cell lines.

  • CAS Number: 897016-82-9
  • MF: C26H29N3O3
  • MW: 431.527
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 680.9±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 365.6±31.5 °C

5'-Deoxy-5'-iodoguanosine

5'-Deoxy-5'-iodoguanosine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 68200-68-0
  • MF: C11H15N5O4
  • MW: 281.27
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

OTS514

OTS514 is a highly potent TOPK inhibitor, which inhibits TOPK kinase activity with a median inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 2.6 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1338540-63-8
  • MF: C21H20N2O2S
  • MW: 364.461
  • Catalog: TOPK
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 501.3±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 256.9±30.1 °C

(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(4-BENZAMIDO-2-OXOPYRIMIDIN-1(2H)-YL)-2-((BIS(4-METHOXYPHENYL)(PHENYL)METHOXY)METHYL)-4-METHOXYTETRAHYDROFURAN-3-YL (2-CYANOETHYL) DIISOPROPYLPHOSPHORAMIDITE

2'-O-Me-C(Bz) Phosphoramidite is a modified phosphoramidite monomer, which can be used for the oligonucleotide synthesis.

  • CAS Number: 110764-78-8
  • MF: C47H54N5O9P
  • MW: 863.93400
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyladenosine

2’,3’,5’-Tri-O-acetyl adenosine is an adenosine analog. Adenosine analogs mostly act as smooth muscle vasodilators and have also been shown to inhibit cancer progression. Its popular products are adenosine phosphate, Acadesine (HY-13417), Clofarabine (HY-A0005), Fludarabine phosphate (HY-B0028) and Vidarabine (HY-B0277)[1].

  • CAS Number: 7387-57-7
  • MF: C16H19N5O7
  • MW: 393.35
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 594.1±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 168-170ºC
  • Flash Point: 313.1±32.9 °C

Etoposide phosphate disodium

Etoposide phosphate disodium (BMY-40481 disodium) is a potent anti-cancer chemotherapy agent and a selective topoisomerase II inhibitor to prevent re-ligation of DNA strands. Etoposide phosphate disodium is the phosphate ester prodrug of etoposide and is considered as active equivalent to Etoposide. Etoposide phosphate disodium induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 122405-33-8
  • MF: C29H31Na2O16P
  • MW: 712.50
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tubulin/HDAC-IN-1

Tubulin/HDAC-IN-1 is a dual tubulin and HDAC-IN-1 inhibitor through CH/π interaction with tubulin and hydrogen bond interaction with HDAC8. Tubulin/HDAC-IN-1 inhibits tubulin polymerization and selectively inhibits HDAC8 (IC50: 150 nM). Tubulin/HDAC-IN-1 has cytotoxicity against various human cancer cells, also arrests cell cycle in the G2/M phase and induces cell apoptosis. Tubulin/HDAC-IN-1 can be used in the research of hematologic and solid tumors such as neuroblastoma, leukemia[1].

  • CAS Number: 2413587-26-3
  • MF: C21H18N4O3
  • MW: 374.39
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Aminohexylgeldanamycin hydrochloride

Aminohexylgeldanamycin (AHGDM) hydrochloride, a Geldanamycin derivative, is a potent HSP90 inhibitor. Aminohexylgeldanamycin hydrochloride shows antiangiogenic and antitumor activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 1146534-45-3
  • MF: C34H53ClN4O8
  • MW: 681.26
  • Catalog: ADC Cytotoxin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CC-115

CC-115 is a potent and dual DNA-PK and mTOR kinase inhibitor with IC50s of 13 nM and 21 nM, respectively. CC-115 blocks both mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling.

  • CAS Number: 1228013-15-7
  • MF: C16H16N8O
  • MW: 336.35100
  • Catalog: DNA-PK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

DHODH-IN-8

DHODH-IN-8 (Compound 27) is an inhibitor of human and Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) with IC50s of 0.13 μM and 47.4 μM, and Kis of 0.016 μM and 5.6 μM, respectively. DHODH-IN-8 has antimalarial activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 1148126-03-7
  • MF: C17H13ClN2O2
  • MW: 312.75
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BRD6688

BRD6688 is a selective HDAC2 inhibitor. BRD6688 increases H4K12 and H3K9 histone acetylation in primary mouse neuronal cells. BRD6688 crosses the blood brain barrier and rescues the memory defects associated with p25 induced neurodegeneration in contextual fear conditioning in a CK-p25 mouse model[1].

  • CAS Number: 1404562-17-9
  • MF: C16H18N4O
  • MW: 282.340
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 528.2±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 273.3±30.1 °C

Pencitabine

Pencitabine (Pen) is an orally active anticancer agent. Pencitabine interferes with DNA synthesis and function by inhibiting multiple nucleotide-metabolizing enzymes and by misincorporation into DNA[1].

  • CAS Number: 2249843-29-4
  • MF: C15H20F3N3O6
  • MW: 395.33
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ZDLD20

ZDLD20, a β-carboline, is orally active and selective CDK4/CycD3 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 6.51  μM. ZDLD20 exhibits potent anti-HCT116 activity including inhibition of colony formation, inhibition of invasion and migration, inducing of apoptosis, and arresting of G1 phase in cell cycle. ZDLD20 exhibits potent anticancer activity[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AT-9283 L-lactate

AT9283 lactic acid is a multi-targeted kinase inhibitor with potent activity against Aurora A/B, JAK2/3, Abl (T315I) and Flt3 (IC50s ranging from 1 to 30 nM). AT9283 lactic acid inhibits growth and survival of multiple solid tumors in vitro and in vivo[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 896466-76-5
  • MF: C22H29N7O5
  • MW: 471.51
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Nitro-1-(3-azido-3-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyridinone

5-Nitro-1-(3-azido-3-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyridinone is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2072145-26-5
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

dU Phosphoramidite

DMT-dU-CE Phosphoramidite is a nucleoside molecule that can be used in DNA synthesis and DNA sequencing[1].

  • CAS Number: 109389-30-2
  • MF: C39H47N4O8P
  • MW: 730.786
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityl)-inosine

5'-O-DMT-Ri can be used in the synthesis of oligoribonucleotides[1].

  • CAS Number: 119898-59-8
  • MF: C31H30N4O7
  • MW: 570.59200
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PM050489

PM050489 is an effective polyketone inhibitor of Microtubule/Tubulin that can be isolated from Madagascan sponge Lithoplocamia lithistoides. PM050489 inhibits mitosis with an IC50 value of 26.4 nM. PM050489 has antitumor activity and can be used in cancer research[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 960210-97-3
  • MF: C31H44ClN3O7
  • MW: 606.15
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MHY908

MHY908 is a potent dual agonist of PPARα and PPARγ[1]. MHY908 also inhibits melanogenesis through inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity[2].

  • CAS Number: 1393371-39-5
  • MF: C17H14ClNO3S
  • MW: 347.82
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Zelasudil

Zelasudil is a Rho-associated (ROCK) kinase inhibitor. Zelasudil has a ROCK2 binding affinity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 2365193-22-0
  • MF: C22H21F2N7O
  • MW: 437.45
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ATR-IN-7

ATR-IN-7 is a potent inhibitor of ATR. ATR is a class of protein kinases involved in genome stability and DNA damage repair, and is a member of the PIKK family. ATR-IN-7 has the potential for the research of ATR kinase-mediated diseases such as proliferative diseases and cancer (extracted from patent WO2021238999A1, compound 1)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2741917-74-6
  • MF: C21H22FN7O
  • MW: 407.44
  • Catalog: ATM/ATR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CK7

CK7, a Cdk2/9 inhibitor, can be used for the synthesis of Nek1 inhibitor BSc5231 and BSc5367[1].

  • CAS Number: 507487-89-0
  • MF: C14H12N6O2S
  • MW: 328.34900
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

2,4-D sodium salt

2,4-D sodium salt (Sodium 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate) is a selective systemic herbicide for the control of broad-leaved weeds. 2,4-D sodium salt acts as a plant hormone, causing uncontrolled growth in the meristematic tissues. 2,4-D sodium salt inhibits DNA and protein synthesis and thereby prevents normal plant growth and development[1].

  • CAS Number: 2702-72-9
  • MF: C8H5Cl2NaO3
  • MW: 243.019
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 345.6ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 215°C
  • Flash Point: 162.8ºC

Mps1-IN-1

Mps1-IN-1 is a potent, selective and ATP-competitive Mps1 kinase inhibitor, with an IC50 and a Kd of 367 nM and 27 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1125593-20-5
  • MF: C28H33N5O4S
  • MW: 535.65800
  • Catalog: Mps1
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

4’-Methyladenosine

4’-Methyladenosine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 152540-76-6
  • MF: C11H15N5O4
  • MW: 281.27
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 643.4±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 342.9±34.3 °C