(R)-6',7'-Dihydroxybergamottin ((R)-6′,7′-DHB) is a competitive inhibitor of human and rat CYP1A1 activity with Kis of 55 μM and 1.72 μM, respectively. (R)-6',7'-Dihydroxybergamottin has the potential for cancer research[1].
MCH-1 antagonist 1 is a potent melanin concentrating hormone (MCH-1) antagonist with a Ki of 2.6 nM. MCH-1 antagonist 1 also inhibits CYP3A4 with an IC50 of 10 μM.
Polygalaxanthone III is extracted from polygala tenuifolia wild, has inhibitory effect towards CYP450 enzyme. Polygalaxanthone III inhibits chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation catalyzed by CYP2E1 with an IC50 of 50.56 μM[1].
Isavuconazole is a moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4 and a water-soluble triazole with broad-spectrum antifungal activity.
Itraconazole-d5 (R51211-d5) is the deuterium labeled Itraconazole. Itraconazole (R51211) is a triazole antifungal agent and a potent and orally active Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway antagonist with an IC50 of ~800 nM. Itraconazole potently inhibits lanosterol 14α-demethylase (cytochrome P450 enzyme), thereby inhibits the oxidative conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. Itraconazole has anticancer and antiangiogenic effects[1][2][3].
Topiroxostat-d4 is deuterium labeled Topiroxostat. Topiroxostat (FYX-051) is a potent and orally active xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 5.3 nM and a Ki value of 5.7 nM. Topiroxostat exhibits weak CYP3A4-inhibitory activity (18.6%). Topiroxostat has the potential for hyperuricemia treatment[1][2].
4,5-Dimethoxycanthin-6-one is a potent and uncompetitive inhibitor of CYP1A2-mediated phenacetin O-deethylation with an IC50 value of 1.7μM and a Ki value of 2.6 μM. 4,5-Dimethoxycanthin-6-one, as an alkaloid, is isolated from the wood of Picrasma quassioides BENNET (Simaroubaceae)[1][2].
Choline Fenofibrate (ABT-335) is the choline salt of fenofibric acid under clinical development as a combination therapy with rosuvastatin for the management of dyslipidemia. IC50 value:Target:Several clinical trials have been developed with Choline Fenofibrate on Reverse Cholesterol Transport, Macular Edema and Hypertriglyceridemia.
7-Ethoxyresorufin (Resorufin ethyl ether) is a fluorometric substrate for and competitive inhibitor of cytochrome P450, especially CYP1A1. 7-Ethoxyresorufin also inhibits NO synthase[1][2].
SU 10603 is a specific inhibitor of P45017α (P450c17; CYP17A1)[1].
BMS-986339 is an orally active, potent FXR agonist. BMS-986339 forms H-bond with His298 and ASN287 residues. BMS-986339 can be used in the research of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), anti-fibrosis[1].
Fomepizole (4-Methylpyrazole) hydrochloride is a potent cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1) inhibitor. Fomepizole hydrochloride is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. Fomepizole hydrochloride blocks further conversion of methanol and ethylene glycol to toxic metabolites. Fomepizole hydrochloride has the potential for an antidote for ethylene glycol or methanol poisoning[1][2][3].
Desmethylcitalopram (DCIT) hydrochloride is the active metabolite of Citalopram (HY-121203). Desmethylcitalopram has antidepressant effects. Desmethylcitalopram also inhibits cytochrome P450-2D6, -2C19 with IC50s of 39.5 and 53.5 μM[1].
CYP17-IN-1 (compound 9c) is a potent and orally active CYP17 inhibitor against rat and human CYP17 with IC50s of 15.8 and 20.1 nM[1].
Schisandrin A inhibits CYP3A activity with an IC50 of 6.60 μM and Ki of 5.83 μM, respectively.
CYP3A4 enzyme-IN-1 (compound 59) is a potent antibacterial agent, with a MIC of 1 μg/mL for MRSA. CYP3A4 enzyme-IN-1 exhibits low to moderate inhibitory effects on CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 enzymes[1].
Atovaquone (4-chlorophenyl-2,3,5,6-d4) is the deuterium labeled Atovaquone. Atovaquone is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of the parasite’s mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex. Atovaquone is against human and P. falciparum cytochrome bc1 activity with IC50 values of 460 nM and 2.0 nM, respectively. Atovaquone is an antimalarial agent and has the potential for the investigation of neumocystis pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, malaria, and babesia[1][2].
1-Ethynylpyrene is an aryl acetylenic inhibitor of cytochromes P450 1A1, 1A2, and 2B1 with IC50s of 0.18, 0.32, and 0.04 μM, respectively[1].
Memantine-d6 hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Memantine hydrochloride. Memantine (hydrochloride) (D-145 (hydrochloride)) is a moderate affinity, uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, inhibit CYP2B6 and CYP2D6 with Ki of 0.51 nM and 94.9 μM, respectively[1].
FGFR-IN-10 is an orally active inhibitor of FGFR and Cytochrome P450 (CYPs). FGFR-IN-10 inhibits wide type and V564F mutant FGFR2 with IC50s of 104.1 nM and 43.6 nM, respectively. FGFR-IN-10 also inhibits CYPs with IC50s of 3.33 μM (CYP2C9), 18.75 μM (CYP2C19), 4.34 μM (CYP2CD6), and 0.69 μM (CYP3A4), respectively[1].
Abiraterone N-oxide is a metabolite of Abiraterone (HY-148377). Abiraterone is a potent and irreversible CYP17A1 inhibitor with antiandrogen activity[1].
Dagrocorat (PF-00251802) hydrochloride is an orally active and selective high-affinity partial agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor. Dagrocorat hydrochloride is also a time-dependent reversible inhibitor of CYP3A (IC50=1.3 μM in human liver microsomes) and CYP2D6 (Ki=0.57 μM in human liver microsomes). Dagrocorat hydrochloride can be used for the research of rheumatoid arthritis[1].
Uniconazole is a plant growth regulator that functions by inhibiting cytochrome P450 707As (Ki=68 nM), a family of enzymes that catabolize Abscisic acid, and thus, suppress gibberellin and sterol biosynthesis.
Stiripentol-d9 (BCX2600-d9) is the deuterium labeled Stiripentol. Stiripentol (STP) is an anticonvulsant agent, which can inhibit N-demethylation of CLB to NCLB mediatated by CYP3A4 (noncompetitively) and CYP2C19 (competitively) with Ki of 1.59±0.07 and 0.516±0.065 μM and IC50 of 1.58 and 3.29 μM, respectively[1][2].
8-Geranyloxypsoralen is a furanocoumarin isolated from grapefruit, acts as a potent inhibitor of P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) with an IC50 of 3.93 μM[1].
Vildagliptin carboxylic acid metabolite (M20.7) TFA is a potent P450 enzyme activity inhibitor[1].
Naringin is a major flavanone glycoside obtained from tomatoes, grapefruits, and many other citrus fruits. Naringin exhibits biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.
Quinate is an antiarrhythmic agent. Quinate is a potent, orally active, selective cytochrome P450db inhibitor. Quinate is also a K+ channel blocker with an IC50 of 19.9 μM. Quinate can be used for malaria research[1][2][3].
Pyributicarb, a carbamate-type herbicide, is a potent activator of both CYP3A4 gene and human pregnane X receptor (hPXR).
Mefentrifluconazole is a novel azole derivative and used as an agrochemical broad-spectrum antifungal agent. Mefentrifluconazole is a potent, selective and orally active fungal CYP51 (Kd= 0.5 nM) inhibitor, but shows less inhibitory activity on human aromatase (IC50=0.92 μM)[1].