Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors usually expressed in sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. Once these microbes have breached physical barriers such as the skin or intestinal tract mucosa, they are recognized by TLRs, which activate immune cell responses. The TLRs include TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the early innate immune response to invading pathogens by sensing microorganism and are involved in sensing endogenous danger signals. TLRs are evolutionarily conserved receptors are homologues of the Drosophila Toll protein, discovered to be important for defense against microbial infection. TLRs recognize highly conserved structural motifs known as pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs), which are exclusively expressed by microbial pathogens.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
Autophagy LRRK2 ULK Mitophagy
Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK
Epigenetics >
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GPCR/G Protein >
5-HT Receptor Adenosine Receptor Adenylate Cyclase Adiponectin Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptor Bradykinin Receptor Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCR CGRP Receptor Cholecystokinin Receptor CRFR CXCR Dopamine Receptor EBI2/GPR183 Endothelin Receptor GHSR Glucagon Receptor Glucocorticoid Receptor GNRH Receptor GPCR19 GPR109A GPR119 GPR120 GPR139 GPR40 GPR55 GPR84 Guanylate Cyclase Histamine Receptor Imidazoline Receptor Leukotriene Receptor LPL Receptor mAChR MCHR1 (GPR24) Melatonin Receptor mGluR Motilin Receptor Neurokinin Receptor Neuropeptide Y Receptor Neurotensin Receptor Opioid Receptor Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Oxytocin Receptor P2Y Receptor Prostaglandin Receptor Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR) Ras RGS Protein Sigma Receptor Somatostatin Receptor TSH Receptor Urotensin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Melanocortin Receptor
Immunology/Inflammation >
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor CCR Complement System COX CXCR FLAP Histamine Receptor IFNAR Interleukin Related IRAK MyD88 NO Synthase NOD-like Receptor (NLR) PD-1/PD-L1 PGE synthase Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK) SPHK STING Thrombopoietin Receptor Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Arginase
JAK/STAT Signaling >
EGFR JAK Pim STAT
MAPK/ERK Pathway >
ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
ATP Synthase BCRP Calcium Channel CFTR Chloride Channel CRAC Channel CRM1 EAAT2 GABA Receptor GlyT HCN Channel iGluR Monoamine Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter Na+/K+ ATPase nAChR NKCC P-glycoprotein P2X Receptor Potassium Channel Proton Pump SGLT Sodium Channel TRP Channel URAT1
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
PROTAC E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate Ligand for E3 Ligase PROTAC Linker PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
Stem Cell/Wnt >
Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
TGF-beta/Smad >
TGF-beta/Smad PKC ROCK TGF-β Receptor
Vitamin D Related >
VD/VDR
Others >
Androgen Receptor Aromatase Estrogen Receptor/ERR Progesterone Receptor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Others

Bropirimine

Bropirimine is a synthetic agonist for toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7). Bropirimine inhibits differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells into osteoclasts via TLR7-mediated production of IFN-β. Bropirimine is an orally active immunomodulator that has demonstrated anticancer activity in transitional cell carcinoma in situ (CIS) in both the bladder and upper urinary tract[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 56741-95-8
  • MF: C10H8BrN3O
  • MW: 266.094
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 473.2±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 240.0±31.5 °C

ODN 24888

ODN 24888 is an guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotides (INH-ODN), shows potent inhibition on TLR7/TLR9-mediated signaling. ODN 24888 impairs IFN-α level and NF-κB activation, inhibits IL-6 release. ODN 24888 involves in immune and inflammatory responses, can be used as a vaccine adjuvant[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1964506-30-6
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MC-Val-Cit-PAB-Amide-TLR7 agonist 4

MC-Val-Cit-PAB-Amide-TLR7 agonist 4 (example 15) is a HER2-TLR7 and HER2-TLR8 immune agonist conjugate[1].

  • CAS Number: 2413016-49-4
  • MF: C52H72N12O11
  • MW: 1041.20
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TLR2-IN-C29

C29 is a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) inhibitor.

  • CAS Number: 363600-92-4
  • MF: C16H15NO4
  • MW: 285.2988
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MAPK-IN-1

MAPK-IN-1 (Compound 2) is a MAPK signaling pathway inhibitor. MAPK-IN-1 exhibits AChE inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 23.84 μM. MAPK-IN-1 shows anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activity and can be used for Alzheimer's disease research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2470587-69-8
  • MF: C19H18O4
  • MW: 310.34
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

L48H37

L48H37 is an analog of Curcumin (HY-N0005) with improved chemical stability. L48H37 is a potent and specific myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) inhibitor and inhibits the interaction and signaling transduction of LPS-TLR4/MD2. L48H37 inhibits LPS-induced inflammation, particularly TNF-α and IL-6 production and gene expression in mouse macrophages. L48H37 is used for the research of sepsis or lung injury treatment[1].

  • CAS Number: 343307-76-6
  • MF: C27H33NO7
  • MW: 483.55300
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tilsotolimod sodium

Tilsotolimod (sodium) is a synthetic Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist that has demonstrated antitumor activity in preclinical models.

  • CAS Number: 2089768-67-0
  • MF: C223H262N74Na22O115P22S22
  • MW: 7711.51
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium (Poly(I:C) potassium) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium can directly trigger cancer cells to undergoApoptosis[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 31852-29-6
  • MF: (C10H13N4O8P)x.(C9H14N3O8P)x.xK
  • MW: 710.5
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Desethyl Chloroquine

Desethyl chloroquine is a major desethyl metabolite of Chloroquine. Chloroquine diphosphate is an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs). Desethyl chloroquine possesses antiplasmodic activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1476-52-4
  • MF: C16H22ClN3
  • MW: 291.81900
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.138g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 451.7ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 94-97?C
  • Flash Point: 227ºC

Desethyl chloroquine diphosphate

Desethyl chloroquine diphosphate is a major desethyl metabolite of Chloroquine. Chloroquine diphosphate is an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs). Desethyl chloroquine diphosphate possesses antiplasmodic activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 247912-76-1
  • MF: C16H28ClN3O8P2
  • MW: 487.80900
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AXC-715 hydrochloride

AXC-715 hydrochloride is a TLR7/TLR8 dual agonist, extracted from patent WO2020168017 A1[1]. AXC-715, compound D from WO2020190734A1, can be used for synthesis of antibody-adjuvant immunoconjugates, comprising an antibody construct that binds programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) linked to one or more adjuvants[2].

  • CAS Number: 2490497-93-1
  • MF: C18H26ClN5
  • MW: 347.89
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TLR7 agonist 6

TLR7 agonist 6 (compound IIb-19) is an TLR7 agonist with an EC50 value of ~4 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 2380231-86-5
  • MF: C27H30N6O3
  • MW: 486.57
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CU-CPT17e

CU-CPT17e is a multi-Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist that activates TLR3, TLR8, and TLR9.

  • CAS Number: 2109805-75-4
  • MF: C27H24N2O8
  • MW: 504.49
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride

Chitohexaose hexahydrochloride is a chitosan oligosaccharide with anti-inflammatory effect. Chitohexaose binds to the active sites of TLR4 and inhibits LPS induced inflammation[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 127171-88-4
  • MF: C36H74Cl6N6O25
  • MW: 1203.72
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ODN 24991

ODN 24991, a guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotide (INH-ODN), is a TLR3, TLR7 and TLR9 (Toll-like receptor) inhibitor, and its parent is INH-ODN 2088. ODN 24991 disrupts TLR3-, TLR7- and TLR9-mediated immune cell immune responses. ODN 24991 sequence: 5'-C-C-T-G-G-C-c7rGm-G-G-G-3'[1].

  • CAS Number: 1682661-49-9
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CU CPT 4a

CU CPT 4a is a potent inhibitor of the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) complex. CU CPT 4a shows dose-dependent inhibitory effects blocking Poly (I:C)-induced TLR3 activation with an IC50 of 3.44 µM[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1279713-77-7
  • MF: C18H13ClFNO3S
  • MW: 377.82
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 608.6±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 321.8±31.5 °C

TLR7/8 agonist 3

TLR7/8 agonist 3 is a potent TLR7 and TLR8 agonist, extracted from patent WO2016057618 (compound of formula (II))[1].

  • CAS Number: 642473-95-8
  • MF: C17H23N5O
  • MW: 313.39700
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TLR7/8-IN-1

TLR7/8-IN-1 is a crystalline from of a TLR7/TLR8 inhibitor extracted from patent WO2019220390, compound 2b. TLR7/8-IN-1 can be used for the research of autoimmune disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 2205095-75-4
  • MF: C29H40N8O2
  • MW: 532.68
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

E6446 dihydrochloride

E6446 dihydrochloride is a potent and orally acitve TLR7 and TLR9 antagonist, used in the research of deleterious inflammatory responses.

  • CAS Number: 1345675-25-3
  • MF: C27H37Cl2N3O3
  • MW: 522.507
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CU CPT 9a

CU-CPT-9a is a specific TLR8 antagonist, with an IC50 of 0.5 nM.

  • CAS Number: 2165340-32-7
  • MF: C17H15NO2
  • MW: 265.3065
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ODN 24987

ODN 24987 is a Guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotides (ODN), targeting TLR9. ODN 24987 can inhibit IL-6 and IFN-α release. ODN 24987 can be used for research immune disorders. ODN 24987 sequence: 5’-C-C-T-G-G-C-c7G-G-G-G-3’[1].

  • CAS Number: 1682661-48-8
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LHC-165

LHC-165 is a TLR7 agonist. Has potential to treat solid tumors[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1258595-14-0
  • MF: C29H32F2N3O7P
  • MW: 603.55
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Neoseptin 3

Neoseptin 3 is a Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 2 (mTLR4/MD-2) agonist with an EC50 of 18.5 μM.

  • CAS Number: 1622863-21-1
  • MF: C29H34N2O4
  • MW: 474.59
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CU-CPT-9a

CU-CPT-9b is a specific TLR8 antagonist, with an IC50 of 0.7 nM.

  • CAS Number: 2162962-69-6
  • MF: C16H13NO2
  • MW: 251.28
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BMS-905

BMS-905 is a potent dual inhibitor of TLR7 and TLR8 with IC50 of 0.3 nM (TLR7, IL-6 inhibition in mouse blood), shows good selectivity against TLR9 and other TLR family members.

  • CAS Number: 2205846-49-5
  • MF: C23H29N3
  • MW: 347.506
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A