Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors usually expressed in sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. Once these microbes have breached physical barriers such as the skin or intestinal tract mucosa, they are recognized by TLRs, which activate immune cell responses. The TLRs include TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the early innate immune response to invading pathogens by sensing microorganism and are involved in sensing endogenous danger signals. TLRs are evolutionarily conserved receptors are homologues of the Drosophila Toll protein, discovered to be important for defense against microbial infection. TLRs recognize highly conserved structural motifs known as pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs), which are exclusively expressed by microbial pathogens.


Anti-infection >
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Apoptosis >
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Immunology/Inflammation >
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JAK/STAT Signaling >
EGFR JAK Pim STAT
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ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
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Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
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PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
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Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
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Stem Cell/Wnt >
Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
TGF-beta/Smad >
TGF-beta/Smad PKC ROCK TGF-β Receptor
Vitamin D Related >
VD/VDR
Others >
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TLR8 agonist 5

TLR8 agonist 5 is a potent TLR8 agonist with an EC50 value of 20 nM for HEK-Blue hTLR8. TLR8 agonist 5 activates the immune response[1].

  • CAS Number: 2413016-41-6
  • MF: C31H40N6O5
  • MW: 576.69
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TAK-242

Resatorvid (TAK-242) is a potent TLR4 signaling inhibitor which selectively inhibits the TLR4-mediated production of cytokines and nitric oxide.

  • CAS Number: 243984-11-4
  • MF: C15H17ClFNO4S
  • MW: 361.816
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 462.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 68-69ºC
  • Flash Point: 233.2±31.5 °C

Cobitolimod

Cobitolimod is a DNA oligonucleotide agonist of TLR-9 with anti-inflammatory activity. Cobitolimod suppresses Th17 cells and induces anti-inflammatory FoxP3 and IL-10 expression, inhibiting the IL-17 signaling pathway[1].

  • CAS Number: 1226822-98-5
  • MF: C185H233N73O106P18S6
  • MW: 5925.20
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Di[3-deoxy-D-Manno-octulosonyl]-lipid A (amMonium salt)

Kdo2-Lipid A ammonium is a chemically defined lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with endotoxin activity equal to LPS. Kdo2-Lipid A ammonium is highly selective for TLR4. Kdo2-Lipid A ammonium stimulates the release of both TNF and PGE2[1].

  • CAS Number: 1246298-62-3
  • MF: C110H198N2Na4O39P2
  • MW: 2326.646
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TLR7 agonist 4

TLR7 agonist 4 (Compound 1.2) is a TLR7 agonist with an EC50 of 4.3 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 2413016-42-7
  • MF: C23H34N6O3
  • MW: 442.55
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GS-9620

Vesatolimod (GS-9620) is a potent, selective and orally active agonist of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR7) with an EC50 of 291 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1228585-88-3
  • MF: C22H30N6O2
  • MW: 410.513
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GSK2245035

GSK2245035 is a highly potent and selective intranasal Toll-Like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist with preferential Type-1 interferon (IFN)-stimulating properties. GSK2245035 has pEC50s of 9.3 and 6.5 for IFNα and TFNα. GSK2245035 effectively suppresses allergen-induced Th2 cytokine production in human peripheral blood cell cultures. GSK2245035 is used for the treatment of asthma[1].

  • CAS Number: 1207629-49-9
  • MF: C20H34N6O2
  • MW: 390.523
  • Catalog: IFNAR
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AN-3485

AN-3485 is a benzoxaborole analog, Toll-Like Receptor(TLR) inhibitor with IC50 values ranging from 18 to 580 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1213827-99-6
  • MF: C14H13BClNO3
  • MW: 289.52
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N-ACETYLNEURAMIN-LACTOSE

6'-Sialyllactose is a sialylated human milk oligosaccharide that can promote the proliferation of bifidobacteria and shaping the gut microbiota. 6'-Sialyllactose also inhibits toll-like receptor 4 signaling and protects against the development of necrotizing enterocolitis[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 35890-39-2
  • MF: C23H39NO19
  • MW: 633.55
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: 1.72 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1134.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 640.1ºC

ODN TTAGGG

ODN TTAGGG (A151), inhibitory oligonucleotide (ODN), is a TLR9, AIM2 and cGAS antagonist. ODN TTAGGG is immunosuppressive and inhibits AIM2 inflammasome activation, as well as cGAS activation, by competing with DNA. ODN TTAGGG can be used in the study of lupus erythematosus and other related autoimmune diseases. ODN TTAGGG sequence: 5'-T-T-A-G-G-G-T-T-A-G-G-G-T-T-A-G-G-G-T-T-A-G-G-G-3'[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1801724-76-4
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Diprovocim

Diprovocim is a potent Toll-like receptor TLR1/TLR2 agonist that induces dose-dependent TNF production with EC50 of 110 pM in human THP-1 cells and 1.3 nM in primary mouse peritoneal macrophages; induces TNF production in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) with EC50 of 6.7 nM, also induces IL-6 production by mouse BMDC; induces phosphorylation of IKKα, IKKβ, p38, JNK, and ERK, as well as degradation of IκBα in THP-1 cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages, activates conventional TLR1/TLR2 signaling, including MAPK and canonical NF-κB signaling; synergizes with anti-PD-L1 to eliminate melanoma in mice.

  • CAS Number: 2170867-89-5
  • MF: C56H56N6O6
  • MW: 909.1
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TLR7/8 agonist 1 dihydrochloride

TLR7/8 agonist 1 dihydrochloride is a toll-like receptor (TLR7)/TLR8 dual-agonistic imidazoquinoline.

  • CAS Number: 1620278-72-9
  • MF: C22H27Cl2N5
  • MW: 432.39
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

IAXO-102

IAXO-102 is a TLR4 antagonist, inhibits MAPK and p65 NF-kB phosphorylation involved in down regulation of the expression of TLR4 and TLR4 dependent proinflammatory protein. IAXO-102 prevents experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm development[1].

  • CAS Number: 1115270-63-7
  • MF: C35H71NO5
  • MW: 585.94
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Lefitolimod

Lefitolimod (MGN 1703) is a DNA-based TLR9 agonist and an immune surveillance reactivator. Lefitolimod induces HIV-specific immune responses and can be used for the research of cancer and HIV-1[1][4].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TLR4-IN-C34-C2-COOH

TLR4-IN-C34-C2-COO is a linker that incorporates TLR4 inhibitor TLR4-IN-C34. TLR4-IN-C34 inhibits TLR4 in enterocytes and macrophages, and reduces systemic inflammation in mouse models of endotoxemia and necrotizing enterocolitis[1].

  • CAS Number: 1159408-54-4
  • MF: C19H29NO11
  • MW: 447.43
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: 1.29±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: 634.1±55.0 °C(Predicted)
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 337.3±31.5 °C

TLR7 agonist 9

TLR7 agonist 9 (compound 10) is an aonist of TLR7. TLR7 agonist 9 can be used for research of cancer and infectious disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 2389988-38-7
  • MF: C14H17N5O7
  • MW: 367.31
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ruzotolimod

Ruzotolimod is the agonist of TLR7. Ruzotolimod has the potential for the research of HBV, COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 infection (extracted from patent WO2021130195A1)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1948241-60-8
  • MF: C14H18N4O5S
  • MW: 354.38
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Paridiprubart

Paridiprubart (NI-0101) is a humanised anti-TLR4 monoclonal antibody. Paridiprubart has the potential for the research of rheumatoid arthritis[1].

  • CAS Number: 2641646-59-3
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MC-Val-Cit-PAB-Amide-TLR7 agonist 4

MC-Val-Cit-PAB-Amide-TLR7 agonist 4 (example 15) is a HER2-TLR7 and HER2-TLR8 immune agonist conjugate[1].

  • CAS Number: 2413016-49-4
  • MF: C52H72N12O11
  • MW: 1041.20
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TLR2-IN-C29

C29 is a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) inhibitor.

  • CAS Number: 363600-92-4
  • MF: C16H15NO4
  • MW: 285.2988
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MAPK-IN-1

MAPK-IN-1 (Compound 2) is a MAPK signaling pathway inhibitor. MAPK-IN-1 exhibits AChE inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 23.84 μM. MAPK-IN-1 shows anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activity and can be used for Alzheimer's disease research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2470587-69-8
  • MF: C19H18O4
  • MW: 310.34
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Desethyl chloroquine diphosphate

Desethyl chloroquine diphosphate is a major desethyl metabolite of Chloroquine. Chloroquine diphosphate is an inhibitor of autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs). Desethyl chloroquine diphosphate possesses antiplasmodic activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 247912-76-1
  • MF: C16H28ClN3O8P2
  • MW: 487.80900
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AXC-715 hydrochloride

AXC-715 hydrochloride is a TLR7/TLR8 dual agonist, extracted from patent WO2020168017 A1[1]. AXC-715, compound D from WO2020190734A1, can be used for synthesis of antibody-adjuvant immunoconjugates, comprising an antibody construct that binds programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) linked to one or more adjuvants[2].

  • CAS Number: 2490497-93-1
  • MF: C18H26ClN5
  • MW: 347.89
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TLR7 agonist 6

TLR7 agonist 6 (compound IIb-19) is an TLR7 agonist with an EC50 value of ~4 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 2380231-86-5
  • MF: C27H30N6O3
  • MW: 486.57
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ODN 24991

ODN 24991, a guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotide (INH-ODN), is a TLR3, TLR7 and TLR9 (Toll-like receptor) inhibitor, and its parent is INH-ODN 2088. ODN 24991 disrupts TLR3-, TLR7- and TLR9-mediated immune cell immune responses. ODN 24991 sequence: 5'-C-C-T-G-G-C-c7rGm-G-G-G-3'[1].

  • CAS Number: 1682661-49-9
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CU CPT 4a

CU CPT 4a is a potent inhibitor of the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) complex. CU CPT 4a shows dose-dependent inhibitory effects blocking Poly (I:C)-induced TLR3 activation with an IC50 of 3.44 µM[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1279713-77-7
  • MF: C18H13ClFNO3S
  • MW: 377.82
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 608.6±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 321.8±31.5 °C

TLR7/8-IN-1

TLR7/8-IN-1 is a crystalline from of a TLR7/TLR8 inhibitor extracted from patent WO2019220390, compound 2b. TLR7/8-IN-1 can be used for the research of autoimmune disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 2205095-75-4
  • MF: C29H40N8O2
  • MW: 532.68
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ODN 24987

ODN 24987 is a Guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotides (ODN), targeting TLR9. ODN 24987 can inhibit IL-6 and IFN-α release. ODN 24987 can be used for research immune disorders. ODN 24987 sequence: 5’-C-C-T-G-G-C-c7G-G-G-G-3’[1].

  • CAS Number: 1682661-48-8
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CU-CPT-9a

CU-CPT-9b is a specific TLR8 antagonist, with an IC50 of 0.7 nM.

  • CAS Number: 2162962-69-6
  • MF: C16H13NO2
  • MW: 251.28
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BMS-905

BMS-905 is a potent dual inhibitor of TLR7 and TLR8 with IC50 of 0.3 nM (TLR7, IL-6 inhibition in mouse blood), shows good selectivity against TLR9 and other TLR family members.

  • CAS Number: 2205846-49-5
  • MF: C23H29N3
  • MW: 347.506
  • Catalog: Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A