G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) perceive many extracellular signals and transduce them to heterotrimeric G proteins, which further transduce these signals intracellular to appropriate downstream effectors and thereby play an important role in various signaling pathways. G proteins are specialized proteins with the ability to bind the nucleotides guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and guanosine diphosphate (GDP). In unstimulated cells, the state of G alpha is defined by its interaction with GDP, G beta-gamma, and a GPCR. Upon receptor stimulation by a ligand, G alpha dissociates from the receptor and G beta-gamma, and GTP is exchanged for the bound GDP, which leads to G alpha activation. G alpha then goes on to activate other molecules in the cell. These effects include activating the MAPK and PI3K pathways, as well as inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger in the plasma membrane, and the lowering of intracellular Ca2+ levels.

Most human GPCRs can be grouped into five main families named; Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled/Taste2, and Secretin, forming the GRAFS classification system.

A series of studies showed that aberrant GPCR Signaling including those for GPCR-PCa, PSGR2, CaSR, GPR30, and GPR39 are associated with tumorigenesis or metastasis, thus interfering with these receptors and their downstream targets might provide an opportunity for the development of new strategies for cancer diagnosis, prevention and treatment. At present, modulators of GPCRs form a key area for the pharmaceutical industry, representing approximately 27% of all FDA-approved drugs.

References:
[1] Moreira IS. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Jan;1840(1):16-33.
[2] Tuteja N. Plant Signal Behav. 2009 Oct;4(10):942-7.
[3] Williams C, et al. Methods Mol Biol. 2009;552:39-50.
[4] Schiöth HB, et al. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2005 May 15;142(1-2):94-101.
[5] Wu J, et al. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2012 Jan;9(1):37-50.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
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15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
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Elinogrel

Elinogrel (PRT060128) is a potent, direct acting, competitive, and reversible platelet P2Y12 antagonist (IC50=20 nM). It is orally and intravenously available and has potent antiplatelet effects[1].

  • CAS Number: 936500-94-6
  • MF: C20H15ClFN5O5S2
  • MW: 523.945
  • Catalog: P2Y Receptor
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ASP7657

ASP7657 (ASP-7657) is a potent, selective, orally active prostaglandin EP4 receptor antagonist with Ki values of 6.02 nM and 2.21 nM for rat and human EP4 receptors, resepctively; potently inhibits the PGE2-induced cAMP increase in CHO cells expressing rat EP4 receptors and human lymphoblastoid T (Jurkat) cells, with IC50 values of 0.86 nM and 0.29 nM, respectively; does not inhibit the PGE2-induced intracellular calcium increase in HEK293 cells expressing rat EP1 and EP3 receptors, or cAMP increase in CHO cells expressing rat EP2 receptors; dose-dependently inhibits the PGE2-mediated inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-α release from rat whole blood culture, attenuates albuminuria in type 2 diabetic mice at dose of 0.1 mg/kg. Diabetes Phase 1 Discontinued

  • CAS Number: 1196045-28-9
  • MF: C28H26F3N3O3
  • MW: 509.529
  • Catalog: Prostaglandin Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ENS-163 phosphate

ENS-163 phosphate is a selective muscarinic M1 receptor agonist.

  • CAS Number: 117707-51-4
  • MF: C11H19N2O5PS
  • MW: 322.31800
  • Catalog: mAChR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KRAS inhibitor-14

KRAS inhibitor-14 (compound 3-22) is a potent KRAS G12C inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.249 µM. KRAS inhibitor-14 shows p-ERK inhibition activities with IC50s of 1.12, >33.3 µM in MIA PaCA-2, A549 cells, respectively. KRAS inhibitor-14 has the potential for the research of pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers[1].

  • CAS Number: 2230873-78-4
  • MF: C20H15Cl3FN3O2S
  • MW: 486.77
  • Catalog: Ras
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Urapidil

Urapidil is an α1 adrenoreceptor antagonist and a 5-HT1A receptor agonist.

  • CAS Number: 34661-75-1
  • MF: C20H29N5O3
  • MW: 387.476
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 549.0±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 159 °C
  • Flash Point: 285.8±32.9 °C

Plozalizumab

Plozalizumab (MLN-1202) is a specific humanized anti-CCR2 antibody. Plozalizumab can be used for malignant melanoma research[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Dazucorilant

Dazucorilant (CORT113176) is a selective and high affinity non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modulator with a Ki value <1 nM in vitro. Dazucorilant can be used for the research of neurological disorders[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1496508-34-9
  • MF: C29H22F4N4O3S
  • MW: 582.57
  • Catalog: Glucocorticoid Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ADRA1D receptor antagonist 1 free base

ADRA1D receptor antagonist 1 (free base) (compound (R)-9s) is an orally active, potent and selective human α1D-adrenoceptor (α1D-AR) antagonist (Ki=1.6 nM). ADRA1D receptor antagonist 1 (free base) dose-dependently inhibits bladder contraction with an IC30 value of 15 nM. ADRA1D receptor antagonist 1 (free base) can be used in studies of overactive bladder disorders such as urinary urgency, frequency and incontinence.

  • CAS Number: 1191908-24-3
  • MF: C15H13ClN4O
  • MW: 300.74
  • Catalog: Adrenergic Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MAT2A-IN-2

MAT2A-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of MAT2A. The expression level of MAT2A is abnormally high in several types of tumors, including gastric, colon, liver and pancreatic cancers. MAT2A-IN-2 reduces the proliferative activity of MTAP-deficient cancer cells. MAT2A-IN-2 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases (extracted from patent WO2020243376A1, compound 172)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2565671-21-6
  • MF: C23H17F3N6O2
  • MW: 466.42
  • Catalog: Somatostatin Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PL-017

PL-017 is a potent and selective μ opioid receptor agonist with an IC50 of 5.5 nM for 125I-FK 33,824 binding to μ site. PL-017 produces long-lasting, reversible analgesia in rats[1].

  • CAS Number: 83397-56-2
  • MF: C29H37N5O5
  • MW: 535.635
  • Catalog: Opioid Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 878.5±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 485.1±34.3 °C

RP-5063

RP-5063 (Brilaroxazine) is a multimodal dopamine and serotonin modulator with partial agonist activity at DA D2, D3, D4, 5-HT1A, and 5-HT2ARs, and antagonist activity at 5-HT2B, 5-HT6 and 5-HT7Rs; produces dose-dependent reductions in pulmonary blood vessel wall thickness and proportion of muscular vessels, blocks MCT-induced increases in the plasma cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 in vivo; prevents Sugen 5416-hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats; improves declarative memory and psychosis in mouse models of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Phase 2 Clinical

  • CAS Number: 1239729-06-6
  • MF: C22H25Cl2N3O3
  • MW: 450.358
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 643.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 342.7±31.5 °C

AM-1638

AM-1638 is a potent and orally bioavailable GPR40/FFA1 full agonist with an EC50 of 0.16 μM.

  • CAS Number: 1142214-62-7
  • MF: C33H35FO4
  • MW: 514.62700
  • Catalog: GPR40
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GR-127935 hydrochloride

GR127935 hydrochloride is a potent and orally active 5-HT1D and 5-HT1B receptor antagonist with pKis of 8.5 for both isoforms. GR127935 hydrochloride has 100-fold selectivity for 5-HT1B/1D receptors over 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptors. GR127935 hydrochloride can be used in neurological disease research[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 148642-42-6
  • MF: C29H32ClN5O3
  • MW: 534.04900
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tegaserod

Tegaserod is a serotonin receptor 4 agonist (HTR4) used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Anti-tumor activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 145158-71-0
  • MF: C16H23N5O
  • MW: 301.387
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 470.6±48.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 180-183ºC
  • Flash Point: 238.4±29.6 °C

Sauvagine TFA

Sauvagine, a 40-amino-acid neuropeptide from the skin of the frog, is a mammalian CRF agonist. Sauvagine is effective at releasing ACTH from rat pituitary cells. Sauvagine possesses a number of pharmacological actions on diuresis, the cardiovascular system and endocrine glands[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 74434-59-6
  • MF: C202H346N56O63S
  • MW: 3334.68
  • Catalog: CRFR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

fluoromethalone

Fluorometholone, a synthetic glucocorticoid, is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. Fluorometholone can be used in the management of dry eye[1].

  • CAS Number: 426-13-1
  • MF: C22H29FO4
  • MW: 376.462
  • Catalog: Glucocorticoid Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 527.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 292 - 303ºC
  • Flash Point: 272.6±30.1 °C

[Glp5,Sar9] Substance P (5-11)

[Glp5,Sar9] Substance P (5-11) is an analogue of Substance P (HY-P0201)[1].

  • CAS Number: 77128-78-0
  • MF: C42H59N9O9S
  • MW: 866.04
  • Catalog: Neurokinin Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

FR252384

FR252384 is a neuropeptide Y-Y5 receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 2.3 nM.

  • CAS Number: 447405-11-0
  • MF: C18H17N3
  • MW: 275.35
  • Catalog: Neuropeptide Y Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Amtolmetin guacil

Amtolmetin guacil is an effective nonsteroidal anti-Inflammatory agent with pain-relieving effects. Amtolmetin guacil inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase (COX). Amtolmetin guacil can stimulate capsaicin receptors present on the gastrointestinal wall and also releases gastroprotective nitric oxide (NO). Amtolmetin guacil can be used to research knee osteoarthritis[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 87344-06-7
  • MF: C24H24N2O5
  • MW: 420.458
  • Catalog: Prostaglandin Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 663.3±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 117-120ºC
  • Flash Point: 354.9±31.5 °C

Olivetol

Olivetol is a naturally phenol found in lichens and produced by certain insects, acting as a competitive inhibitor of the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2[3]. Olivetol also inhibits CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 activity, with IC50s of 15.3 μM, 7.21 μM and Kis of 2.71 μM, 2.87 μM, respectively[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 500-66-3
  • MF: C11H16O2
  • MW: 180.243
  • Catalog: Cannabinoid Receptor
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 313.3±12.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 46-48ºC
  • Flash Point: 148.8±14.2 °C

Seratrodast

Seratrodast(AA 2414) is a potent and selective thromboxane A2 receptor (TP) antagonist.Target: Thromboxane A2 ReceptorSeratrodast, also known as AA-2414, is a potent and selective antagonist of the TXA2R (thromboxane A2 receptor). AA-2414 reduced the induction of pulmonary inflation caused by LTD4 aerosol inhalation. AA-2414 competitively inhibited the contractile response to U-46619 in guinea pig tracheal and parenchymal strips and dog saphenous vein strips with pA2 values of 7.69, 8.29 and 6.79, respectively. AA-2414, a quinone derivative, is a novel, potent and orally active antagonist of a variety of spasmogenic prostanoids [1]. AA-2414 inhibited peroxide-induced vasoconstriction in the human placenta, as well as peroxide- induced increases in the placental secretion rates of lipid peroxides and thromboxane, but only partially inhibited peroxide-induced increases in the placental secretion rate of prostacyclin [2].

  • CAS Number: 112665-43-7
  • MF: C22H26O4
  • MW: 354.439
  • Catalog: Prostaglandin Receptor
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 522.3±49.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 118-120°C
  • Flash Point: 283.8±26.3 °C

Moxonidine-d4

Moxonidine-d4 (BDF5895-d4) is the deuterium labeled Moxonidine. Moxonidine(BDF5895) is a selective agonist at the imidazoline receptor subtype 1, used as antihypertensive agent[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1794811-52-1
  • MF: C9H8D4ClN5O
  • MW: 245.70
  • Catalog: Imidazoline Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Bosentan hydrate

Bosentan hydrate is a competitive and dual antagonist of endothelin-1 (ET) for the ETA and ETB receptors with Ki of 4.7 nM and 95 nM in human SMC, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 157212-55-0
  • MF: C27H31N5O7S
  • MW: 569.629
  • Catalog: Endothelin Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 742.3ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 402.8ºC

EHop-016

EHop-016 is a novel potent and selective inhibitor of Rac GTPase; inhibits Rac1 activity in MDA-MB-435 cells with an IC50 of 1.1 uM.IC50 value: 1.1 uM (MDA-MB-435 cell) [1]Target: Rac1 inhibitorin vitro: The IC(50) of 1.1 μM for Rac inhibition by EHop-016 is ~100-fold lower than for NSC23766. EHop-016 is specific for Rac1 and Rac3 at concentrations of ≤5 μM. At higher concentrations, EHop-016 inhibits the close homolog Cdc42. In MDA-MB-435 cells that demonstrate high active levels of the Rac GEF Vav2, EHop-016 inhibits the association of Vav2 with a nucleotide-free Rac1(G15A), which has a high affinity for activated GEFs. EHop-016 also inhibits the Rac activity of MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cancer cells and reduces Rac-directed lamellipodia formation in both cell lines. EHop-016 decreases Rac downstream effects of PAK1 (p21-activated kinase 1) activity and directed migration of metastatic cancer cells. Moreover, at effective concentrations (<5 μM), EHop-016 does not affect the viability of transformed mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A) and reduces viability of MDA-MB-435 cells by only 20% [1]. At higher concentrations (10μM), EHop-016 inhibits the related Rho GTPase Cdc42, but not Rho, and also reduces cell viability. Moreover, EHop-016 inhibits the activation of the Rac downstream effector p21-activated kinase, extension of motile actin-based structures, and cell migration [2].in vivo: As quantified by UPLC MS/MS, EHop-016 was detectable in the plasma of nude mice at 17 to 23 ng/ml levels at 12 h following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 10 to 25 mg/kg BW EHop-016. The EHop-016 mediated inhibition of angiogenesis In Vivo was confirmed by immunohistochemistry of excised tumors and by In Vitro tube formation assays of endothelial cells. Moreover, EHop-016 affected cell viability by down-regulating Akt and Jun kinase activities and c-Myc and Cyclin D expression, as well as increasing caspase 3/7 activities in metastatic cancer cells [3].

  • CAS Number: 1380432-32-5
  • MF: C25H30N6O
  • MW: 430.54500
  • Catalog: Ras
  • Density: 1.27
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LSN2814617

LSN2814617 is an orally active, potent, brain-penetrant, and selective mGlu5 (metabotropic glutamate 5) positive allosteric modulator (PAM), with EC50 values of 52 nM (Human mGlu5) and 42 nM (rat mGlu5). LSN2814617 shows wake-promoting effect. LSN2814617 can be used for schizophrenia research[1].

  • CAS Number: 1313498-17-7
  • MF: C18H20FN5O
  • MW: 341.38
  • Catalog: mGluR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KRAS G12C inhibitor 45

KRAS G12C inhibitor 45 (compound 78) is a potent KRAS G12C inhibitor[1].

  • CAS Number: 2670380-74-0
  • MF: C32H33F2N5O5S
  • MW: 637.70
  • Catalog: Ras
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SEP-363856 (hydrochloride)

SEP-363856 hydrochloride(SEP-856 hydrochloride), an orally active and CNS active psychotropic agent with a unique, non-D2/5-HT2A mechanism of action, exerts its antipsychotic-like effects. SEP-363856 hydrochloride(SEP-856 hydrochloride) has the potential for the treatment of schizophrenia[1].

  • CAS Number: 1310422-41-3
  • MF: C9H14ClNOS
  • MW: 219.73
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

NPY 5RA972

NPY5RA-972 is an orally active, central nervous system (CNS) penetrating, potent and selective NPY Y5 receptor antagonist that prevents feeding driven by activation of this receptor[1].

  • CAS Number: 439861-56-0
  • MF: C21H25N3O2
  • MW: 351.44200
  • Catalog: Neuropeptide Y Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Eptapirone

F 11440 is a potent, selective, high efficacy 5-HT1A receptor agonist with marked anxiolytic and antidepressant potential.Target: 5-HT1AThe affinity of F 11440 for 5-HT1Abinding sites (pKi, 8.33) was higher than that of buspirone (pKi , 7.50), and somewhat lower than that of flesinoxan (pKi , 8.91).In vivo, F 11440 was 4- to 20-fold more potent than flesinoxan, and 30- to 60-fold more potent than buspirone, in exerting 5-HT1A agonist activity at pre- and postsynaptic receptors in rats (measured by, for example, its ability to decrease hippocampal extracellular serotonin (5-HT) levels and to increase plasma corticosterone levels, respectively). F 11440, shown here to be a potent, selective, high efficacy 5-HT1Areceptor agonist, appears to have the potential to exert marked anxiolytic and antidepressant activity in humans.[1]

  • CAS Number: 179756-58-2
  • MF: C16H23N7O2
  • MW: 345.40
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 519.9±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 268.2±32.9 °C

PDE4-IN-4

PDE4-IN-4 is a dual M3 (pIC50 = 10.2) antagonist-PDE4 (pIC50 = 8.8) inhibitor for the inhaled treatment of pulmonary diseases.

  • CAS Number: 1793069-00-7
  • MF: C36H37Cl2N3O7S
  • MW: 726.67
  • Catalog: mAChR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A