Zanamivir hydrate (5:1) is the hydrate of Zanamivir. Zanamivir is an influenza viral neuraminidase inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.95 nM and 2.7 nM for influenza A and B, respectively[1].
Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-24 is a potent cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) inhibitor (CN112876510A, DSC1103)[1].
Trifluoromethyl-tubercidin (TFMT) inhibits host MTr1 and suppresses virus replication. TFMT inhibits MTr1 through interaction at its S-adenosyl-l-methionine binding pocket to restrict influenza virus replication. TFMT was effective in inhibiting viral replication in mice, displayed little toxicity.
HSP90-IN-14 (compound 4) is a potent Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) inhibitor, with a Kd of 0.26 μM. HSP90-IN-14 shows anti-influenza virus activity in MDCK cells, with EC50 values of 2.6, 3.9, and 17 μM for influenza A/H3N2, A/H1N1, and B, respectively[1].
Nimbin is a intermediate limonoid isolated from Azadirachta. Nimbin prevents tau aggregation and increases cell viability. Nimbin is effective inhibits the envelope protein of dengue virus. Nimbin has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antifungal, antihistamine, antiseptic, antioxidant, anti-cancer and anti-viral properties. Nimbin can across blood-brain barrier[1][2][3].
T-705RTP is a selective and GTP-competitive influenza virus RNA polymerase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.14 μM and a Ki of 1.52 μM. T-705RTP is the active triphosphate metabolite of T-705 and has potent anti-influenza virus activity[1][2].
Massarilactone H, a polyketide, is a neuraminidase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 8.18 µM[1].
Tetrahydroepiberberine is a isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis impatiens (Pall). Tetrahydroepiberberine has antifungal and selective inhibition against the PI-3 virus activities[1].
Amitivir (LY 217896), a thiadiazole derivative, possesses broad antiviral activity against orthomyxo- and paramyxoviruses. Amitivir is effective against influenza A and B viruses[1][2].
Influenza A virus-IN-4 (compound 23b), an Oseltamivir derivative, is a potent inhibitor of neuraminidase. Influenza A virus-IN-4 exerts powerful inhibitions on influenza viruses[1].
Influenza A virus-IN-1 is a dihydropyrrolidones derivative and is a potent inhibitor against wide subtypes of influenza A virus (IAV) with IC50 values from 3.11 μM to 7.13 μM. Influenza A virus-IN-1 efficiently inhibits replication of IAV, up-regulates the expression of key antiviral cytokines IFN-β and antiviral protein MxA[1].
Naringenin is the predominant flavanone in grapefruit; displays strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
KIN101 is a potent RNA viral inhibitor with IC50s of 2 μM, >5 μM for influenza virus and Dengue virus (DNV), respectively. KIN101, an isoflavone agonist of IRF-3 dependent signaling, induces IRF-3 nuclear translocation. KIN101 has broad-spectrum activity against RNA viruses[1][2].
Dehydroandrographolide is extracted from herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm f) Nees; alleviate oxidative stress in LPS-induced acute lung injury possibly by inactivating iNOS.
3-Deoxysappanchalcone is a naturally-occurring chalcone compound isolated from Caesalpinia sappan L. (Leguminosae), which possesses anti-allergic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. 3-Deoxysappanchalcone exerts anti-inflammatory activity via induce heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression by activating the AKT/mTOR pathway in murine macrophages. 3-Deoxysappanchalcone also exhibits anti-influenza virus activity (H3N2, IC50 = 1.06 μM)[1][2].
KIN1148, a small-molecule IRF3 agonist, is a novel influenza vaccine adjuvant found to enhance flu vaccine efficacy.
Koaburaside is a cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory natural compound. Koaburaside shows antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 9.0 μM for DPPH-free radical scavenging assay. Koaburaside inhibits histamine release and expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α in human mast cells. Koaburaside also effectively inhibits influenza A neuraminidase[1].
4-O-Methylepisappanol (compound 9) is nature product that could be isolated from heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan. 4-O-Methylepisappanol is a potent neuraminidase inhibitor on the surface of influenza viruses with IC50 values of 42.8, 63.2, and 63.2 µM for A/Chicken/Korea/MS96/96 [H9N2], A/PR/8/34 [H1N1], and A/Hong Kong/8/68 [H3N2], respectively[1].
Oseltamivir (GS 4104) is an orally active influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI). Oseltamivir inhibits influenza A/H3N2, A/H1N2, A/H1N1, and B viruses with mean IC50s of 0.67, 0.9, 1.34 and 13 nM, respectively[1].
N-Acetylneuraminic acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled N-Acetylneuraminic acid.
Zapnometinib (PD0184264), an active metabolite of CI-1040, is a MEK inhibitor, with an IC50 of 5.7 nM. Zapnometinib exhibits antiviral activity against influenza virus and antibacterial activities[1][2][3].
Oseltamivir D3 is a deuterium labeled Oseltamivir. Oseltamivir is an influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI). Oseltamivir inhibits influenza A/H3N2, A/H1N2, A/H1N1, and B viruses with mean IC50s of 0.67, 0.9, 1.34 and 13 nM, respectively. Anti-influenza A and B agent[1].
Cyanidin 3-sambubioside chloride (Cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside chloride), a major anthocyanin, a natural colorant, and is a potent NO inhibitor. Cyanidin 3-sambubioside chloride is a H274Y mutation inhibitor, and inhibits influenza neuraminidase activity with an IC50 of 72 μM. Cyanidin 3-sambubioside chloride inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and has antioxidant, anti-angiogenic and antiviral properties[1][2][3].
M2e, human, consisting of the 23 extracellular residues of M2 (the third integral membrane protein of influenza A), has been remarkably conserved in all human influenza A, which is a valid and versatile vaccine candidate to protect against any strain of human influenza A[1].
Nepasaikosaponin K is an anti-influenza agent. Nepasaikosaponin K shows an EC50 of 17.91 μM against influenza virus A/WSN/33 (H1N1) in 239T-Gluc cells[1].
Sinococuline is a potent anti-dengue agent that is effective against all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV). Sinococuline is also an effective tumor cell growth inhibitor[1][2].
Benzimidazole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound and acts as an important pharmacophore in medicinal chemistry. Benzimidazole derivatives have been reported to possess various biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-helmintic, anti-inflammatory, proton pump inhibitor and anti-coagulant property[1][2][3].
N-Acetylneuraminic acid-13C-2 is the 13C labeled N-Acetylneuraminic acid.
ML303 is a pyrazolopyridine influenza virus nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antagonist (IC90 = 155 nM), with an EC50 of 0.7 μM for Influenza A virus H1N1[1].
Cletoquine oxalate (Desethylhydroxychloroquine oxalate) is a major active metabolite of Hydroxychloroquine. Cletoquine oxalate is produced in the liver by CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP2C8 isoenzymes. Cletoquine oxalate is also a Chloroquine derivative and has the ability to against the chikungunya virus (CHIKV). Cletoquine oxalate has antimalarial effects and has the potential for autoimmune diseases treatment[1][2].