Protoneogracillin, a furostanol glycoside, shows anti-fungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungus P.oryzae (MMDC=94.0 μM) and cytotoxic activity on K562 cancer cells (IC50=6.6 μM)[1][2].
Quinizarin (1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone), a part of the anticancer agents such as Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, and Adriamycin, interacts with DNA by intercalating mode (Kd=86.1 μM). Quinizarin is used as a fungicide and pesticide chemical and has shown the ability to inhibit tumor cell growth[1][2].
Tropesin (VUFB 12018; Repanidal) is a nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent (NSAIA) that inhibits the growth of Trichoderma viride[1].
Hexaconazole is a systemic fungicide used for the control of many fungi particularly Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes. In vitro: Among the enzymatic antioxidants, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase are significantly up-regulated by hexaconazole. [1] Hexaconazole and its enantiomers cause the down-regulation of tryptophan levels and the up-regulation of kynurenine (KYN) levels, suggesting a role for hexaconazole in the activation of the KYN pathway and providing information for the mechanism of its toxicity.[2]
Enilconazole is a fungicide, widely used in agriculture, particularly in the growing of citrus fruits, also used in veterinary medicine as a topical antimycotic.
Pyrogallol is a polyphenol compound, which has anti-fungal and anti-psoriatic properties. Pyrogallol is a reductant that is able to generate free radicals, in particular superoxide anions.
Lanoconazole is a potent and orally active imidazole antifungal agent, shows a broad spectrum of activity against fungi in vitro and in vivo[1]. Lanoconazole interferes with ergosterol biosynthesis by inhibiting sterol 14-alpha demethylase and blocking fungal membrane ergosterol biosynthesis. Lanoconazole can be used for the investigation of dermatophytosis and onychomycosis[1][2].
Tetradehydropodophyllotoxin possesses antifungal activity[1].
Posaconazole-D4 is a deuterium-labeled form of Posaconazole. Posaconazole is a broad-spectrum, second generation, triazole compound with antifungal activity[1].
Bafilomycin B1 is a macrolide antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces sp, inhibits Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, and acts as an inhibitor of K+-dependent ATPase of E. coli[1].
Antifungal agent 36 is a potent anti-fungal agent. Antifungal agent 36 shows anti-fungal activity for Basidiomycetes[1].
cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid is a quorum sensing (QS) signal that acts as a diffusion signaling factor (DSF) in extracellular microbial and fungal communication systems. DSF is involved in the regulation of virulence and biofilm formation of a variety of bacterial pathogens[1].
Echinocandin B (A 30912) is an antifungal antibiotic and is the secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus nidulans[1].
Polygodial (Poligodial) is an antifungal potentiator[1]. Polygodial is a sesquiterpene with anti-hyperalgesic properties[2].
Coniferyl alcohol is an intermediate in biosynthesis of eugenol and of stilbenoids and coumarin[1]. Coniferyl alcohol specifically inhibits fungal growth[1].
M-L-Triguluronic acid is a linear polysaccharide copolymer composed of three L-guluronic acid (G) and can be used to from Alginate[1]. Alginate is a generic name of unbranched polyanionic polysaccharides and can be used for the research of antifungal agents delivery carries[2].
Iprodione, a dicarboximide fungicide, has a highly specific action, with a capacity to cause oxidative damage through production of free oxygen radicals (ROS). Iprodione does not appear to be species selective[1].
4-O-Methylsappanol is a natural isoflavonoid with antifungal activities. 4-O-Methylsappanol shows activity against Beauveria bassiana[1]. 4-O-Methylsappanol (EC50 of 4.6 µM) strongly suppresses Melanin (Melanin) synthesis in HMV-II cells[2].
Icofungipen is an orally active antifungal agent. Icofungipen is the representative of beta amino acids, is toxic against Candida species. Icofungipen protects infected mice survival from C. albicans infection[1].
Itraconazole metabolite Hydroxy Itraconazole is an active metabolite of Itraconazole (ITZ), which is a triazole antifungal agent.
Camalexin is a phytoalexin isolated from Camelina sativa and Arabidopsis (Cruciferae) with antibacterial, antifungal, antiproliferative and anticancer activities. Camalexin can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production[1][2][3].
Difenoconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide that inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis via inhibition of the cytochrome P450-dependent 14α-demethylation of lanosterol, which results in disruption of the fungal cell membrane and cell death. Difenoconazole inhibits the growth of F. graminearum isolates in vitro (EC50s = 1.69-19.6 mg/L for mycelial growth). Difenoconazole also inhibits growth of A. sonali, F. fulva, B. cinerea, and R. solani (EC50s = 0.131 mg/L, 0.069 mg/L, 0.297 mg/L, and 0.252 mg/L, respectively).
Pyrimethanil is an anilinopyrimidine and broad-spectrum contact fungicide for the control of Botrytis spp. on a wide variety of crops[1]. Pyrimethanil inhibits the biosynthesis of methionine and other amino acids in Botrytis cinerea. Pyrimethanil can be used for the research of fungal diseases prevention on fruit, vegetable and ornamental plants with mold infection[3].
Lagosin (Fungichromin) is a polyene macrolide antibiotic. Lagosin has demonstrated broad-spectrum antifungal activity and is impervious to drug resistance[1].
Sordarin is a potent diphthamide-dependent eEF2 inhibitor with antifungal properties. Sordarin targets eEF2 so as to inhibit protein translation by blocking eEF2-mediated translocation of tRNAs. Sordarin inhibits translation specifically in certain fungi (e.g. C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. neoformans) while unable to do so in some other fungal species (e.g. Candida parapsilosis and Candida lusitaniae)[1][2].
(±)-Pinoresinol is a potent antifungal agent. (±)-Pinoresinol shows antifungal activity[1].
Topazolin is a flavone. Topazolin has weak fungi-toxic activity against Cladosporium herbarum AHU 9262[1].
Pseudin-2, an AMP thast could be isolated from the skin of the South American paradoxical frog Pseudis paradoxa, exert a potent growth inhibitory effect against Gram-negative bacteria[1].
(±)9-HpODE is a long chain lipid hydroperoxide, is a product of linoleic acid peroxidation. (±)9-HpODE can induce oxidation of intracellular glutathione (GSH). (±)9-HpODE also exhibits antimicrobial activity against various fungal and bacterial pathogens[1][2].
Zoxamide (RH-7281) is an oomycete fungicide. Zoxamide arrests nuclear division in Phytophthora capsici germlings and destroyed the microtubule cytoskeleton[1][2].