Bucladesine calcium salt(DC2797 calcium salt) is a membrane permeable selective activator of PKA.Target: PKABucladesine (bilateral infusion of 10 mM or 100 mM) leads to a significant reduction in escape latency and travel distance (showing an improvement in spatial memory) compared to the control, as assesed by Morris water maze task in male rats. Bucladesine at 1 mM and 5 mM concentrations infused within minutes after 0.5 mg nicotine infusion improves spatial memory retention in male rats [1]. Bucladesine (10 mM/side) combined with Nicotine (0.5 mM/side) results in a significant increase in the ChAT and VAChT immunoreactivity in CA1 regions, and increase in the optical density and amount of ChAT and VAChT immunostaining correlates with the decrease in escape latency and traveled distance in rats treated with Nicotine and low dose of Bucladesine [2]. Bucladesine is absorbed very rapidly and almost completely when the aqueous solution is applied to the site where the skin has been excised. Bucladesine is absorbed rapidly but slower than in the full-thickness abrasion rat model in the case of stripped skin [3]. Bucladesine (single or multiple administration of an emulsion containing 1.5%) is capable of significantly reducing the inflammatory oedema in the arachidonic acid induced ear oedema model in mice [4].
Glutathionylspermidine is a peptide and a metabolite of E. coli[1].
RI-962 is a potent and selective receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) inhibitor. RI-962 inhibits RIPK1 with an IC50 value of 35.0 nM. RI-962 can be used for the research of nervous system diseases and inflammatory diseases[1].
EAC3I is a biological active peptide. (The autocamtide-3 derived inhibitory peptide (EAC3I) sequence (KKALHRQEAVDAL) mimics the autoinhibitory region of the CaMKII regulatory domain (residues 278–290) and acts by competitively binding to the catalytic site.)
Butriptyline (Butriptylene) is an orally active tricyclic antidepressant agent[1].
Estrone is an estrogenic hormone.Target: Estrogen Receptor/ERREstrone (E1) is an estrogenic hormone secreted by the ovary as well as adipose tissue with the chemical name of 3-hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one and the chemical formula C18H22O2. Estrone is one of several natural estrogens, which also include estriol and estradiol. Estrone is the least abundant of the three hormones; estradiol is present almost always in the reproductive female body, and estriol is abundant primarily during pregnancy. Estrone is relevant to health and disease states because of its conversion to estrone sulfate, a long-lived derivative. Estrone sulfate acts as a reservoir that can be converted as needed to the more active estradiol. It is the predominant estrogen in postmenopausal women [1, 2].
3’-Azido-3’-deoxy-5-methyl-beta-L-cytidine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
Isoniazid is an antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic.Target: AntibacterialIsoniazid is a prodrug and must be activated by a bacterial catalase-peroxidase enzyme that in M. tuberculosis is called KatG [1]. KatG couples the isonicotinic acyl with NADH to form isonicotinic acyl-NADH complex. This complex binds tightly to the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase known as InhA, thereby blocking the natural enoyl-AcpM substrate and the action of fatty acid synthase. This process inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acid, required for the mycobacterial cell wall. A range of radicals are produced by KatG activation of isoniazid, including nitric oxide, which has also been shown to be important in the action of another antimycobacterial prodrug PA-824 [2, 3]. Isoniazid is bactericidal to rapidly dividing mycobacteria, but is bacteriostatic if the mycobacteria are slow-growing [4].
13-Oxo-9E,11E-octadecadienoic acid, an isomer of 9-oxo-ODA, is a potent PPARα activator derived from tomato juice. 13-Oxo-9E,11E-octadecadienoic acid decreases plasma and hepatic triglyceride in obese diabetic mice[1].
ML228 analog is an analog of ML228 (HY-12754). ML228 is a potent activator of HIF[1].
5'-(N-Cyclopropyl)carboxamidoadenosine (CPCA) is an adenosine A2 receptor agonist[1].
K-Ras G12C-IN-1 is a novel and irreversible inhibitor of mutant K-ras G12C extracted from patent WO 2014152588 A1.IC50 value:Target: K-ras G12C inhibitor
Desisobutyryl-ciclesonide is the active metabolite of Ciclesonide. Desisobutyryl-ciclesonide has affinity for the glucocorticoid receptor.
ARUK3001185 (Compound 8l) is a potent, selective, orally active and brain-penetrant inhibitor of Notum activity with an IC50 of 6.7 nM[1].
Tigecycline-d9 is deuterium labeled Tigecycline. Tigecycline (GAR-936) is a broad-spectrum glycylcycline antibiotic. The mean inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Tigecycline for E. coli (MG1655 strain) is approximately 125 ng/mL[1]. MIC50 and MIC90 are 1 and 2 mg/L for Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii), respectively[2].
IRL-1620 is a potent and selective endothelin receptor type B (ETB) agonist with a Ki of 16 pM.
6-Acetyldepheline is a natural alkaloid that could be isolated from Delphinium tatsienense[1].
Veliflapon (BAY X 1005; DG-031) is an orally active inhibitor of the synthesis of the leukotrienes B4 and C4[1]. Veliflapon is shown to be a selective inhibitor of the formation of 5-lipoxygenase-derived metabolites in vitro, without effects on other routes of arachidonic acid metabolism[2].
Varenicline(CP 526555;Champix) is a selective α4β2 nicotinic receptor partial agonist; it stimulates nicotine receptors more weakly than nicotine itself does.IC50 value:Target: nAChRVarenicline(CP 526555; Champix; Chantix) is a prescription medication used to treat smoking addiction. As a partial agonist it both reduces cravings for and decreases the pleasurable effects of cigarettes and other tobacco products. Through these mechanisms Varenicline(CP 526555; Champix; Chantix) can assist some patients to quit smoking.
LYP-IN-1 is a potent, selective and specific LYP inhibitor with a Ki and an IC50 of 110 nM and 0.259 μM, respectively. LYP-IN-1 also has selectivity for a large panel of PTPs, such as SHP1 (IC50=5 μM) and SHP2 (IC50=2.5 μM). LYP-IN-1 exhibits highly efficacious cellular activity in T- and mast cells. LYP-IN-1 can be used for the study of autoimmune disorders[1].
2,4-Difluoro-1-methylbenzene-d3 is the deuterium labeled 2,4-Difluoro-1-methylbenzene[1].
Edoxaban-d6 is deuterium labeled Edoxaban. Edoxaban (DU-176) is a selective, potent and orally active factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor with Kis of 0.561 nM and 2.98 nM for free FXa and prothrombinase, respectively. Edoxaban is an anticoagulant agent and can be used for stroke prevention. Edoxaban is a also weak inhibitor of thrombin and factor IXaβ (FIXa), with Kis of 6.00 μM and 41.7 μM, respectively, exhibits >10 000-fold selectivity for FXa. Edoxaban has antithrombotic properties and has potential for thromboembolic diseases treatment[1][2][3].
Xanthine oxidoreductase-IN-5 is an orally active xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 55 nM. Xanthine oxidoreductase-IN-5 can be used for the research of acute hyperuricemia[1].
Amyloid β Peptide (42-1)(human) is the inactive form of Amyloid β Peptide (1-42). Amyloid β Peptide (42-1) is a 42-amino acid peptide which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease.
5'-O-DMT-3'-O-TBDMS-Ac-rC is a modified nucleoside and can be used to synthesize DNA or RNA.
MgK-264 (N-octylbicycloheptenedicarboximide) is a synergist enhancing the potency of pyrethroid ingredients. MgK-264 has no intrinsic pesticidal qualities itself[1].
4-Phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole is an IDO1 inhibitor (IC50: 60 渭M). 4-Phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole can be used for cancer research[1].
AVE 0991 sodium salt is a nonpeptide and orally active Ang-(1-7) receptor Mas agonist. AVE 0991 competes for high-affinity binding of [125I]-Ang-(1-7) to bovine aortic endothelial cell membranes with IC50 of 21±35 nM.
Encenicline (EVP-6124) is a novel partial agonist of α7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).
4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid ( Isochlorogenic acid C) possesses potent hepatoprotective and anti-HBV effects.IC50 value:Target: Anti-hepatitis natural produce.In vitro: To study anti-hepatitis effect of isochlorogenic acid C, anti-apoptotic and anti-injury properties of test compound were evaluated. The results showed that test compound at concentrations of 10 to 100 μg/ml significantly reduced the caspase-3 and transformed growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) levels of the D-GalN-challenged hepatocytes. Also, test compound improved markedly cell viability of the D-GalN-injured hepatocytes and produced a maximum protection rate of 47.28% at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. Furthermore, test compound significantly inhibited productions of HBsAg and HBeAg. Its maximum inhibitory rates on the HBsAg and HBeAg expressions were 86.93 and 59.79%, respectively. In addition, test compound significantly induced the HO-1 expression of HepG2.2.15 cells [1]. In vivo: