Anti-infectives are drugs that can either kill an infectious agent or inhibit it from spreading. Anti-infectives include antibiotics and antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals and antiprotozoals.

Antibiotics specifically treat infections caused by bacteria, most commonly used types of antibiotics are: Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, Fluoroquinolones, Cephalosporins, Macrolides, and Tetracyclines. New other approaches such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and antibacterial peptides have been considered as alternatives to kill bacteria.

The high rates of morbidity and mortality caused by fungal infections are associated with the current limited antifungal arsenal and the high toxicity of the compounds. The most common antifungal targets include fungal RNA synthesis and cell wall and membrane components, though new antifungal targets are being investigated.

Viral infections occur when viruses enter cells in the body and begin reproducing, often causing illness. Viruses are classified as DNA viruses or RNA viruses, RNA viruses include retroviruses, such as HIV, are prone to mutate. The currently available antiviral drugs target 4 main groups of viruses: herpes, hepatitis, HIV and influenza viruses. Drug resistance in the clinical utility of antiviral drugs has raised an urgent need for developing new antiviral drugs.

Antiprotozoal drugs are medicines that treat infections caused by protozoa. Of which, malaria remains a major world health problem following the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum that is resistant to the majority of antimalarial drugs. At present, antimalarial discovery approaches have been studied, such as the discovery of antimalarials from natural sources, chemical modifications of existing antimalarials, the development of hybrid compounds, testing of commercially available drugs that have been approved for human use for other diseases and molecular modelling using virtual screening technology and docking.

References:
[1] Scorzoni L, et al. Front Microbiol. 2017 Jan 23;8:36.
[2] Dehghan Esmatabadi MJ, et al. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2017 Feb 28;63(2):40-48.
[3] Raymund R, et al. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011 Oct; 86(10):1009-1026.
[4] Aguiar AC, et al. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2012 Nov;107(7):831-45.


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3-(4-Chlorophenyl)acrylic acid

4-Chlorocinnamic acid has inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. 4-Chlorocinnamic acid has antibacterial activity. 4-Chlorocinnamic acid also inhibits Colletotrichum gloeosporioides growth[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 1615-02-7
  • MF: C9H7ClO2
  • MW: 182.60
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 325.3±17.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 248-250 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 150.5±20.9 °C

Monomethylsulochrin

Monomethylsulochrin is a potent antibacterial metabolite from endophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, isolated from Albizia lucidior leaves (fabaceae). Monomethylsulochrin exhibits anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 31.25 μg/mL[1].

  • CAS Number: 10056-14-1
  • MF: C18H18O7
  • MW: 346.33100
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

DL-Histidine-15N

DL-Histidine-15N is a 15N-labeled Pefloxacin.

  • CAS Number: 287484-37-1
  • MF: C6H9N215NO2
  • MW: 156.15
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Isoxanthohumol

Isoxanthohumol is a prenylflavonoid from hops and beer. Isoxanthohumol exhibits an antiproliferative activity against several human cancer cell lines. Isoxanthohumol inhibits the development of lung metastatic foci in tumor-challenged animals. Isoxanthohumol shows an antiviral activity towards herpes viruses (HSV1 and HSV2) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV)[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 521-48-2
  • MF: C21H22O5
  • MW: 354.39600
  • Catalog: HSV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PF-04753299

PF-04753299 is a potent and selective UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristol)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC) inhibitor. PF-04753299 is bactericidal for the gonococcal isolates. PF-04753299 inhibits E. coli, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae strains with MIC90 values of 2 μg/ml, 4 μg/ml and 16 μg/ml, respectively. PF-04753299 is used for the study of gram-negative bacteria infection[1].

  • CAS Number: 1289620-49-0
  • MF: C18H21NO4S
  • MW: 347.42900
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

4-(Heptyloxy)phenol

4-Heptyloxyphenol (p-(heptyloxy)phenol) has antibacterial activity agaisnt P. gingivalis, S. artemidis, Str. sobrinus (MIC: 0.10, 0.21, 0.14 mM)[1].

  • CAS Number: 13037-86-0
  • MF: C13H20O2
  • MW: 208.297
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 325.3±15.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 60-63 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 144.8±5.3 °C

Baloxavir

Baloxavir is an anti-influenza agent extracted from patent WO 2017104691 A1.

  • CAS Number: 1985605-59-1
  • MF: C24H19F2N3O4S
  • MW: 483.487
  • Catalog: Influenza Virus
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 644.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 343.7±34.3 °C

(+)-cis-Abienol

(+)-cis-Abienol (Compound Z-abienol), a diterpenoid, can be isolated from leaves of tobacco. (+)-cis-Abienol inhibits hyphal growth of P. nicotianae[1].

  • CAS Number: 17990-16-8
  • MF: C20H34O
  • MW: 290.48
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 0.91g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 369.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 161.9ºC

VP 14637

MDT-637 (VP 14637) is a novel respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.42 ng/mL.

  • CAS Number: 235106-62-4
  • MF: C25H22N10O3
  • MW: 510.51
  • Catalog: RSV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Chloramphenicol D5

Chloramphenicol D5 is the deuterium labeled Chloramphenicol. Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic against bacterial infections.

  • CAS Number: 202480-68-0
  • MF: C11H7D5Cl2N2O5
  • MW: 328.16000
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Rubropunctamine

Rubropunctamine is a red azaphilone pigment isolated from the extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mold rice). Rubropunctamine has anti-inflammation activities[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 514-66-9
  • MF: C21H23NO4
  • MW: 353.41200
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.22g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 647.1ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 345.1ºC

2H-Pyrido[2',1':3,4]pyrazino[1,2-b]indazole-3-carboxylic acid, 6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6,7-dihydro-10-(3-methoxypropoxy)-2-oxo-, (6R)-

2H-Pyrido[2',1':3,4]pyrazino[1,2-b]indazole-3-carboxylic acid, 6-(1, 1-Dimethylethyl)-6, 7-Dihydro-10 -(3-methoxypropoxy)-2-oxo-, (6R)- has antibacterial and antiviral activity and can be used to study Hepatitis B virus.

  • CAS Number: 2247932-38-1
  • MF: C23H27N3O5
  • MW: 425.48
  • Catalog: HBV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Pinocembrin

Pinocembrin ((+)-Pinocoembrin) is a flavonoid found in propolis, acts as a competitive inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, and is an effective anti-allergic agent, with antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties[1].

  • CAS Number: 480-39-7
  • MF: C15H12O4
  • MW: 256.25
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 511.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 199.3±23.6 °C

Oxaquin

Oxaquin (MCB-3837) is a water-soluble, injectable prodrug that is rapidly converted to the active sub-stance MCB3681 in vivo following intravenous (i.v.) administration, active against Gram-positive bacterial species. Oxaquin (MCB-3837) itself has no antimicrobial effects[1].

  • CAS Number: 790704-50-6
  • MF: C31H33F2N4O11P
  • MW: 706.58
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Dextran sulfate sodium

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 16000-24000) is a is a polymer of anhydroglucose with the molecular weight range of 16000-24000. Dextran sulfate sodium salt inhibits the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus by preventing the adsorption of the virus into host cells[1].

  • CAS Number: 9011-18-1
  • MF: (C6H7Na3O14S3)n
  • MW:
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Danofloxacin-d3

Danofloxacin-d3 is deuterium labeled Danofloxacin. Danofloxacin is a third generation fluoroquinolone and orally active antimicrobial agent. Danofloxacin shows a broad spectrum of activity against most Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasma and chlamydia species, and plays an antimicrobial role by inhibition of bacterial DNA-gyrase[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1825377-28-3
  • MF: C19H17D3FN3O3
  • MW: 360.40
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Prodigiosine

Prodigiosin (Prodigiosine) is a secondary metabolite of Symbiotic bacteria, with anti-fungal and anti-cancer activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 82-89-3
  • MF: C20H25N3O
  • MW: 323.43
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.12g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 542.4ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 281.8ºC

Cyanoacetohydrazide

Cyanoacetohydrazide is an anti-TB drug.

  • CAS Number: 140-87-4
  • MF: C3H5N3O
  • MW: 99.091
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 405.6±28.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 108-110 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 199.1±24.0 °C

Pazufloxacin-d4 mesylate

Pazufloxacin-d4 (T-3762-d4) mesylate is the deuterium labeled Pazufloxacin mesylate. Pazufloxacin (T-3761) mesylate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic[1].

  • CAS Number: 1346602-97-8
  • MF: C17H15D4FN2O7S
  • MW: 418.43
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TBI-223

TBI-223 is an orally bioavailable oxazolidinone antibiotic and an antimicrobial. TBI-223 shows activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 2071265-08-0
  • MF: C17H20FN3O5
  • MW: 365.36
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Bovine neutrophil beta-defensin 12

Bovine neutrophil beta-defensin 12 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from bovine neutrophils, which has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus[1].

  • CAS Number: 455257-02-0
  • MF: C174H281N57O44S7
  • MW: 4099.90
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MERS-CoV-IN-1

MERS-CoV-IN-1 exhibits excellent inhibitory activity against coronavirus. MERS-CoV-IN-1 is useful as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing coronavirus-induced diseases (MERS-CoV and SARS) (extracted from patent WO2018174442A1, compound 1)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2245697-92-9
  • MF: C19H17NO2
  • MW: 291.34
  • Catalog: SARS-CoV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HA5

HA5 inhibits Streptococcus mutans biofilm with an IC50 value of 6.42 μM, without affecting its growth. HA5 also inhibits Streptococcus mutans glucan production and eDNA levels[1].

  • CAS Number: 2378406-17-6
  • MF: C15H10O5
  • MW: 270.24
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro-IN-3

SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro-IN-3 (Compound 3d) is a SARS CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitor with antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 2505241-13-2
  • MF: C23H21BrN6O2S
  • MW: 525.42
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Avibactam

Avibactam free acid is a covalent, reversible β-lactamase inhibitor, inhibits β-lactamase TEM-1 and CTX-M-15 with IC50 of 8 nM and 5 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1192500-31-4
  • MF: C7H11N3O6S
  • MW: 265.244
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

4,4'-[1,5-pentanediylbis(oxy)]bisbenzenecarboxamidine dimethylsulphonate

Pentamidine (MP-601205) dimesylate is an antimicrobial agent and interferes with DNA biosynthetics. Pentamidine dimesylate inhibits parasite Leishmania infantum with an IC50 of 2.5 μM. Pentamidine dimesylate is a potent and selective protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases) and phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL) inhibitor. Pentamidine dimesylate has the potential for Gambian trypanosomiasis, antimony-resistant leishmaniasis, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treatment. Antitumor and antibacterial activities[1][2][3][4].

  • CAS Number: 6823-79-6
  • MF: C20H28N4O5S
  • MW: 436.52500
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Antitubercular agent-39

Antitubercular agent-39 (Compound P1) is a potent antitubercular agent. Antitubercular agent-39 is active against drug-resistant strains and drug-susceptible clinical isolates. Antitubercular agent-39 inhibits Mtb strain H37Rv with a MIC less than 1 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1357796-08-7
  • MF: C26H30N4O2
  • MW: 430.54
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Sisomicin

Sisomicin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis. sisomicin has great activity against gram-positive bacteria[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 32385-11-8
  • MF: C19H37N5O7
  • MW: 447.53
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.38g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 676.6ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 80-93°C
  • Flash Point: 363ºC

PSI-6206

PSI-6206 is the deaminated derivative of PSI-6130, which is a potent and selective inhibitor of HCV NS5B polymerase. PSI-6206 low potently inhibits HCV replicon with EC90 of >100 μM.

  • CAS Number: 863329-66-2
  • MF: C10H13FN2O5
  • MW: 260.219
  • Catalog: HCV
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 237-238℃
  • Flash Point: N/A

Neocnidilide

Neocnidilide is an alkylphthalide, which has the activity of inhibiting the growth of mycotoxin-producing fungi. Neocnidilide also has larvicidal activity against D. melanogaster with a LC50 value of 9.9 μmol/mL[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 4567-33-3
  • MF: C12H18O2
  • MW: 194.27000
  • Catalog: Fungal
  • Density: 1.03g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 342ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 142.1ºC