S-(2-Carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine (S-Carboxyethylcysteine) is a non-protein (modified) sulfur amino acid. S-(2-Carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine is present in Acacia seed. S-(2-Carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine can affect the seed’s protein use in rats. S-(2-Carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine suppresses the methionine-induced growth rate, and has a negative effect on the plasma amino acid levels in rats[1].
Fluasterone is a potent G6PD inhibitor with a Ki of 0.51 μM. Fluasterone has anti-inflammatory, cancer preventive, and anti-diabetic effects. Fluasterone is orally active[1][2][3].
Galsulfase (Aryplase, BM-102) is recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase. Galsulfase (Aryplase, BM-102) can be used for mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) research[1].
(3R,5R)-Rosuvastatin is the (3R,5R)-enantiomer of Rosuvastatin. Rosuvastatin is a competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with an IC50 of 11 nM[1]. Rosuvastatin potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current with an IC50 of 195 nM[2]. Rosuvastatin reduces the expression of the mature hERG and the interaction of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) with the hERG protein. Rosuvastatin is very effective in lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein levels[3].
Beta-glucuronidase is an important lysosomal enzyme involved in the degradation of glucuronate-containing glycosaminoglycan[1].
ZLN024 is an AMPK allosteric activator. ZLN024 directly activates recombinant AMPK α1β1γ1, AMPK α2β1γ1, AMPK α1β2γ1 and AMPK α2β2γ1 heterotrimer with EC50s of 0.42 µM, 0.95 µM, 1.1 µM and 0.13 µM, respectively.
Afegostat was previously in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of Gaucher's disease. The experiment was discontinued.
Exisulind is an inactive metabolite of the nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent sulindac[1]. Exisulind inhibits aldose reductase with an IC50 of 367 nM in vitro and may contribute to the beneficial pharmacological effects of sulindac on type 2 diabetic complications[2].
Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate is a potent inhibitor of DPP4 with IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts
SLX-4090, an enterocytic-specific microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 8.0 nM. SLX-4090 can be used for the research of dyslipidemia[1].
Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl is a potent MOR agonist. Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl displays reduced hyperlocomotion, inhibition of GI transit and reinforcing properties[1].
D-Xylulose-2-13C is the 13C labeled D-Xylulose. D-xylulose is a precursor of the pentiol D-arabi[1][2].
Epimedin K (Korepimedoside B), a flavonol glycoside, is isolated from the aerial parts of Epimedium koreanum Nakai. Epimedium koreanum Nakai is a famous Chinese herbal medicine for the research of impotence, osteoporosis, immune suppression and cardiovascular diseases[1][2].
SM-2470 is a potent α1-adrenoceptor antagonist, has sympathetic nerve activity in anesthetized rats[1]. SM-2470 is an antihypertensive agent. SM-2470 exhibits hypocholesterolaemic effect by the inhibition of cholesterol absorption related to the reduction of cholesterol solubilization[2].
Diprotin A (Ile-Pro-Ile) is an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV)[1].
AMPK activator 6 (Compound GC) reduces lipid content and activates the AMPK pathway in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells. AMPK activator 6 significantly suppresses the increase in triglyceride (TG) , total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and other biochemical indices in blood serum. AMPK activator 6 can be used for the research of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome[1].
Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.
Euphorblin R (EOF2) is a rhamnyl diterpenoid isolated from Euphorbia resinifera. Euphorblin R may promote lysosomal biogenesis and has the potential to be used in the study of lysosome-related diseases.
VLHDDLLEA is a peptide that can be isolated from the MHC complex HLA-A*0201 molecule. VLHDDLLEA can be recognized by HLA-A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T cells (CTLs). VLHDDLLEA can be used for research on graft versus host disease (GvHD)[1].
Carbazeran (citrate), a potent phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is aldehyde oxidase substrate. Carbazeran (citrate) can be used for the research of metabolic disease[1].
Mogroside IIe, a triterpenoid glycoside isolated from the extracts of Luo Han Guo, is a nonsugar sweetener. Mogrosides are sweeter than sucrose. Mogrosides exhibit antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activities[1].
Deferoxamine (Deferoxamine B) is an iron chelator (binds to Fe(III) and many other metal cations), is widely used to reduce iron accumulation and deposition in tissues. Deferoxamine upregulates HIF-1α levels with good antioxidant activity. Deferoxamine also shows anti-proliferative activity, can induce apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Deferoxamine can be used in studies of diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases as well as anti-cancer and anti-COVID-19[1][2][3][4][5].
D-Glucose-d4 is the deuterium labeled D-Glucose. D-Glucose (Glucose), a monosaccharide, is an important carbohydrate in biology. D-Glucose is a carbohydrate sweetener and critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical signaling molec
AMPK activator 7 (compound I-3-24) is a an AMPK activator with the EC50 of 8.8 nM. AMPK activator 7 can be used for the research of diseases involving AMPK, particularly diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertension[1].
Fraxamoside is a competitive xanthine oxidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 16.1 μM and a Ki of 0.9 μM[1].
Sitagliptin-d4 (MK-0431-d4) phosphate is the deuterium labeled Sitagliptin phosphate. Sitagliptin phosphate (MK-0431 phosphate) is a potent inhibitor of DPP4 with an IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts[1][2].
S-Benzylglutathione is a competitive glutathionase inhibitor. S-Benzylglutathione is converted to the corresponding cysteine derivatives by rat kidney microsomes. S-Benzylglutathione can be used for the research of metabolic breakdown of glutathione by the glutathionase system[1].
3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium (β-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium) is a metabolite that is elevated in type I diabetes. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium can modulate the properties of membrane lipids[1].
Thymidine-5'-monophosphate-13C10,15N2 (disodium) is the 13C and 15N labeled Thymidine-5'-monophosphate disodium salt[1]. Thymidine-5'-monophosphate disodium salt is an endogenous metabolite.
Sieboldin is a dihydrochalcone, which inhibits the production of advanced glycation end products (AGE) produced by bovine serum albumins (BSA), has free radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines, and is also used to capture of methylglyoxal (MGO) from Malus baccata[1].