STh, an Escherichia coli heat-stable toxin, is a 19 amino acid polypeptide encompassing three disulfide bridges. STh is an antigen of interest in the search for a broad coverage enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) vaccine[1].
Lugdunin is an antibiotic peptide. Lugdunin inhibits bacteria by dissipating their membrane potential. Lugdunin is active against Gram-positive bacteria, such as S. aureus, and reduces S. aureus skin and nasal colonization. Lugdunin induces LL-37 and CXCL8/MIP-2 in human keratinocytes and mouse skin[1].
6-O-Methylcatalpol can be isolated from the roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis. 6-O-Methylcatalpol has anti-protozoal activity against Trypanosoma b. rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani (IC50: 32.5 and 8.3 μg/mL)[1][2].
Sinococuline is a potent anti-dengue agent that is effective against all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV). Sinococuline is also an effective tumor cell growth inhibitor[1][2].
Grepafloxacin (OPC-17116) hydrochloride is an oral actively fluoroquinolone antibiotic with potent activity against community-acquired respiratory pathogens including Streptococcus pneumonia. Grepafloxacin hydrochloride has high tissue penetration and a promising pharmacodynamic profile[1][2][3][4].
Quinidine is an antiarrhythmic agent. Quinidine is a potent, orally active, selective cytochrome P450db inhibitor. Quinidine is also a K+ channel blocker with an IC50 of 19.9 μM. Quinidine can be used for malaria research[1][2][3].
Kushenol W is a prenylated flavonoid that can be isolated from the root of Sophora flavescens. Kushenol W has antimicrobial effect, with a MIC of 10 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus[1].
Simeprevir is a potent HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor which suppresses HCV replication with EC50 of 8 nM.
2-Undecanone is a volatile organic compound, which inhibits the DnaKJE-ClpB bichaperone dependent refolding of heat-inactivated bacterial luciferases. 2-Undecanone inhibits lung tumorigenesis[1][2].
ODN 20844, a guanine-modified inhibitory oligonucleotide (INH-ODN), is a TLR7 and TLR9 (Toll-like receptor) inhibitor, and its parent is INH-ODN 2088. ODN 20844 disrupts TLR7- and TLR9-mediated immune cell immune responses. ODN 20844 sequence: 5'-TCCTGGCGc7GGGAAGT-3'[1].
Etimicin (sulfate), a fourth-generation aminoglycoside antibiotic, is now widely clinically used due to its high efficacy and low toxicity.
OGDA is a green fluorescent D-amino acid. OGDA is suitable for labeling peptidoglycan in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria[1].
Schisantherin C exhibits anti-HBV activity with potency against HBsAg and HBeAg secretion by 59.7% and 34.7% at 50μg/mL[1].
Holomycin is a secondary metabolite of the dithiolopyrrolone class. Holomycin also is a broad spectrum antibiotic. Holomycin has antitumor activity and can act in vivo on RNA synthesis[1].
Gemifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, is a potent and orally active antipneumococcal agent. Gemifloxacin shows bactericidal activity against highly quinolone-resistant pneumococci.Gemifloxacin can be used for the research of respiratory infections, such as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB)[1][2].
DMT-dA(PAc) Phosphoramidite is a dIPhosphoramidite and can be used for DNA or RNA synthesis.
Platycodin D3 is a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorum, with anti-HCV activity[1].
Aztreonam-d6 is deuterium labeled Aztreonam. Aztreonam (SQ-26,776) is a synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic, which has a very high affinity for penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP-3).
Nav1.8-IN-4 (compound 9a) is a Nav1.8 channel inhibitor (IC50=0.014 μM). Nav1.8-IN-4 can be used for research on pain-related diseases[1].
Cefprozil Monohydrate (Cefzil) is a second-generation cephalosporin type antibiotic.Target: AntibacterialCefprozil, sometimes spelled cefproxil and marketed under the trade name Cefzil, is a second-generation cephalosporin type antibiotic. In Europe it is marketed using the trade names Procef and Cronocef. It can be used to treat bronchitis, ear infections, skin infections, and other bacterial infections. It comes as a tablet and as a liquid suspension. From Wikipedia.
Albendazole sulfoxide (Ricobendazole), the main active metabolite of Albendazole, exhibits anti-parasite effect against Echinococcus multilocularis Metacestodes[1].
Quinocetone is a potent synthetic antimicrobial agent that is used for improving the feed efficiency and controlling dysentery in food-producing animals[1].
Pz-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-d-Arg is a synthetic substrate of bacterial collagenase. Pz-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-d-Arg can be used to test bacterial collagenase activity[1].
BTL peptide is an antifungal peptide. BTL peptide is active against B. maydis, A. brassicae, A. niger and C. personata[1].
L-Tetraguluronic acid is a linear polysaccharide copolymer composed of four L-guluronic acid (G)[1].
Triadimenol-d4 is the deuterium labeled Triadimenol[1]. Triadimenol is a triazole fungicide and has been widely used in agriculture. Triadimenol has certain toxicity to animals[2].
2,2-Dibromopropanoic acid is a dibromo product based on panoic acid. Propionic acid is a short chain fatty acid and acts as chemical intermediate. Propionic acid is also a mold inhibitor and widely used in food preservative[1].
Tenatoprazole (TU-199) is an orally active imidazopyridine-based proton pump inhibitor with a prolonged plasma half-life. Tenatoprazole inhibits hog gastric H+/K+-ATPase activity with an IC50 of 6.2 μM. Tenatoprazole blocks the interaction of ubiquitin with the ESCRT-1 factor Tsg101, inhibits production of several enveloped viruses, including EBV[1][2][3].
Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone whose primary mechanism of action is inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase.Target: DNA gyrase Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone whose primary mechanism of action is inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase. In vitro it has a broad spectrum of activity against aerobic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, although it is poorly active against anaerobes [1]. Ofloxacin, like other 4-quinolones, is unusual among front line drugs available to treat bacterial infections since it affects bacterial DNA synthesis, rather than cell wall or protein synthesis [2].Ofloxacin (20 mg/kg), norfloxacin (40 mg/kg), pefloxacin mesylate dihydrate (40 mg/kg)and ciprofloxacin (50 mg/kg) were administered by gavage twice daily for three consecutive weeks. 6 weeks after treatment, the test animals were euthanised and Achilles tendon specimens were collected. A computer monitored tensile testing machine was utilised for biomechanical testing. The mean elastic modulus of the control group was significantly higher than that of the norfloxacin and pefloxacin groups (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). The mean yield force (YF) of the control group was significantly higher than those of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and pefloxacin groups (p<0.001, p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). The mean ultimate tensile force (UTF) of the control group was significantly higher than of the ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and pefloxacin groups (p<0.001, p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Hyaline degeneration and fibre disarrangement were observed in the tendons of the ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, and ofloxacin treated-groups, whereas myxomatous degeneration was observed only in the ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin groups [3].Clinical indications: Bacterial infection; Bacterial respiratory tract infection; Bacterial urinary tract infection Toxicity: tendinopathy; hepatotoxicity; dysglycemia