MAPK families play an important role in complex cellular programs like proliferation, differentiation, development, transformation, and apoptosis. In mammalian cells, three MAPK families have been clearly characterized: namely classical MAPK (ERK), C-Jun N-terminal kinse/ stress-activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK) and p38 kinase. Each MAPK-related cascade consists of no fewer than three enzymes that are activated in series: a MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK), a MAPK kinase (MAPKK) and a MAP kinase (MAPK).

The MAPK pathways are activated by diverse extracellular and intracellular stimuli including peptide growth factors, cytokines, hormones, and various cellular stressors. In the ERK signaling pathway, ERK1/2 is activated by MEK1/2, which is activated by Raf. Raf is activated by the Ras GTPase, whose activation is induced by RTKs such as the epidermal growth factor receptor. The JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways are activated by various types of cellular stress. The JNK pathway consists of JNK, a MAP2K such as MKK4 (SEK1) or MKK7, and a MAP3K such as ASK1, TAK1, MEKK1, or MLK3. In the p38 pathway, p38 is activated by MKK3 or MKK6, and these MAP2Ks are activated by the same MAP3Ks that function in the JNK pathway.

MAPK signaling pathways has been implicated in the development of many human diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and various types of cancers. Therefore, the development of small molecule drugs that selectively inhibit individual components of MAPK signaling pathways is a key therapeutic strategy for cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

References:
[1] Zhang W, et al. Cell Research (2002) 12, 9-18.
[2] Kim EK, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Apr;1802(4):396-405.
[3] Kim EK, et al. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Jun;89(6):867-82.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
Autophagy LRRK2 ULK Mitophagy
Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK
Epigenetics >
AMPK Aurora Kinase DNA Methyltransferase Epigenetic Reader Domain HDAC Histone Acetyltransferase Histone Demethylase Histone Methyltransferase JAK MicroRNA PARP PKC Sirtuin Protein Arginine Deiminase
GPCR/G Protein >
5-HT Receptor Adenosine Receptor Adenylate Cyclase Adiponectin Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptor Bradykinin Receptor Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCR CGRP Receptor Cholecystokinin Receptor CRFR CXCR Dopamine Receptor EBI2/GPR183 Endothelin Receptor GHSR Glucagon Receptor Glucocorticoid Receptor GNRH Receptor GPCR19 GPR109A GPR119 GPR120 GPR139 GPR40 GPR55 GPR84 Guanylate Cyclase Histamine Receptor Imidazoline Receptor Leukotriene Receptor LPL Receptor mAChR MCHR1 (GPR24) Melatonin Receptor mGluR Motilin Receptor Neurokinin Receptor Neuropeptide Y Receptor Neurotensin Receptor Opioid Receptor Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Oxytocin Receptor P2Y Receptor Prostaglandin Receptor Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR) Ras RGS Protein Sigma Receptor Somatostatin Receptor TSH Receptor Urotensin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Melanocortin Receptor
Immunology/Inflammation >
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor CCR Complement System COX CXCR FLAP Histamine Receptor IFNAR Interleukin Related IRAK MyD88 NO Synthase NOD-like Receptor (NLR) PD-1/PD-L1 PGE synthase Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK) SPHK STING Thrombopoietin Receptor Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Arginase
JAK/STAT Signaling >
EGFR JAK Pim STAT
MAPK/ERK Pathway >
ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
ATP Synthase BCRP Calcium Channel CFTR Chloride Channel CRAC Channel CRM1 EAAT2 GABA Receptor GlyT HCN Channel iGluR Monoamine Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter Na+/K+ ATPase nAChR NKCC P-glycoprotein P2X Receptor Potassium Channel Proton Pump SGLT Sodium Channel TRP Channel URAT1
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
PROTAC E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate Ligand for E3 Ligase PROTAC Linker PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
Stem Cell/Wnt >
Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
TGF-beta/Smad >
TGF-beta/Smad PKC ROCK TGF-β Receptor
Vitamin D Related >
VD/VDR
Others >
Androgen Receptor Aromatase Estrogen Receptor/ERR Progesterone Receptor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Others

Isorhamnetin

Isorhamnetin is a flavonoid compound extracted from the Chinese herb Hippophae rhamnoides L.. Isorhamnetin suppresses skin cancer through direct inhibition of MEK1 and PI3K.

  • CAS Number: 480-19-3
  • MF: C16H12O7
  • MW: 316.262
  • Catalog: MEK
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 599.4±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 307°C
  • Flash Point: 227.8±23.6 °C

ERK5-IN-3

ERK5-IN-3 (compound 33j) is a potent and selective ERK5 (extracellular signal-related kinase 5) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 6 nM. ERK5-IN-3 shows antiproliferation activity against Hela cells, with an IC50 of 31 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1888305-85-8
  • MF: C24H23Cl2FN4O2
  • MW: 489.37
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GNE-3511

GNE-3511 is a dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) inhibitor with a Ki of 0.5 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1496581-76-0
  • MF: C23H26F2N6O
  • MW: 440.489
  • Catalog: MAP3K
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 579.0±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 304.0±30.1 °C

Talmapimod hydrochloride

Talmapimod (SCIO-469) hydrochloride is an orally active, selective, and ATP-competitive p38α inhibitor with an IC50 of 9 nM. Talmapimod hydrochloride shows about 10-fold selectivity over p38β, and at least 2000-fold selectivity over a panel of 20 other kinases, including other MAPKs[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 309915-12-6
  • MF: C27H31Cl2FN4O3
  • MW: 549.46
  • Catalog: p38 MAPK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

b-Neo-Endorphin

β-Neo-Endorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide. β-Neo-Endorphin is a hypothalamic “big” Leu-enkephalin of porcine origin. β-Neo-Endorphin shows activation of the Erk1/2, MMP-2 and MMP-9[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 77739-21-0
  • MF: C54H77N13O12
  • MW: 1100.27000
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MEK162(ARRY-162,ARRY-438162)

Binimetinib (MEK162) is an oral and selective MEK1/2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 12 nM.

  • CAS Number: 606143-89-9
  • MF: C17H15BrF2N4O3
  • MW: 441.227
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.67
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Raf inhibitor 3

Raf inhibitor 3 (Example 30) is a Raf inhibitor. Raf inhibitor 3 inhibits B-Raf and C-Raf with IC50 values less than 15 nM. Raf inhibitor 3 can be used for research of cancers[1].

  • CAS Number: 1662682-11-2
  • MF: C18H19FN8O2S
  • MW: 430.46
  • Catalog: Raf
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GDC-0879

GDC-0879 is a potent and selective B-Raf inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.13 nM.

  • CAS Number: 905281-76-7
  • MF: C19H18N4O2
  • MW: 334.372
  • Catalog: Raf
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 562.6±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 294.0±30.1 °C

AT7867

AT7867 is a potent ATP-competitive inhibitor of Akt1/Akt2/Akt3 and p70S6K/PKA with IC50s of 32 nM/17 nM/47 nM and 85 nM/20 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 857531-00-1
  • MF: C20H20ClN3
  • MW: 337.846
  • Catalog: Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 530.2±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 274.5±30.1 °C

(R)-STU104

(R)-STU104 is a potent and orally active TAK1-MKK3 interaction inhibitor with IC50s of 0.58 μM and 4.0 μM for TNF-α and MKK3 phosphorylation. (R)-STU104 suppresses the TAK1/MKK3/p38/MnK1/MK2/elF4E signal pathways through binding with MKK3 and disrupting the TAK1 phosphorylating MKK3. (R)-STU104 can be used for researching ulcerative colitis[1].

  • CAS Number: 2767124-77-4
  • MF: C18H18O4
  • MW: 298.33
  • Catalog: p38 MAPK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SB-284851-BT

SB-284851-BT is an inhibitor of BRD4/p38α/BRDT. SB-284851-BT inhibits BRD4-BD1 (IC50=1.7 µM), p38α (Kd=0.47 nM), BRDT (1) (IC50=18 µM) and BRD4 (1)(IC50=3.7 µM). SB-284851-BT reduces IL-8 production by inhibiting p38α, as well as inhibiting BRD4 to down-regulates c-Myc and NF-κB gene pathways in cancer. SB-284851-BT can combined with the bromine domain and extra terminal (BET)[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 219769-23-0
  • MF: C26H26FN5O
  • MW: 443.52
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

p38-α MAPK-IN-5

p38-α MAPK-IN-5 (compound 4e) is a potent p38α inhibitor with IC50s of 0.1 nM, 0.2 nM, 944 nM, 4100 nM for p38α, p38 β, p38γ, p38δ, respectively. p38-α MAPK-IN-5 has anti-inflammatory effect. p38-α MAPK-IN-5 has the potential for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research[1].

  • CAS Number: 1443242-46-3
  • MF: C37H49N11O2
  • MW: 679.86
  • Catalog: p38 MAPK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A