Tiotidine (ICI 125211) is a potent and selective antagonist of histamine H2-receptor (pA2=7.3-7.8 for guinea-pig right atrium). Tiotidine has low affinity for both the H1 and the H3 receptors[1][2].
Meclizine is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist used to treat nausea and motion sicknessTarget: Histamine H1 ReceptorMeclizine is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist used to treat nausea and motion sickness, possesses anticholinergic, central nervous system depressant, and local anesthetic effects [1]. Meclizine is an agonist ligand for mouse CAR (constitutive androstane receptor), and an inverse agonist for human CAR. Meclizine increases mCAR transactivation in a dose-dependent manner, stimulates binding of steroid receptor coactivator 1 to the murine receptor in vitro. In contrast, meclizine suppresses hCAR transactivation and inhibits the phenobarbital-induced expression of the CAR target genes, cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (CYP)2B10, CYP3A11, and CYP1A2, in primary hepatocytes derived from mice expressing hCAR, but not mCAR [2].
LCZ696 is a dual angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin inhibitor.
YQA14 is a selective antagonist of D3 receptor.
Triamcinolone acetonide-d6 is deuterium labeled Triamcinolone acetonide.
Plecanatide, an analogue of uroguanylin, is an orally active guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) receptor agonist, with an EC50 of 190 nM in T84 cells. Plecanatide can be used for the research of chronic idiopathic constipation, and it also shows anti-inflammatory activity in models of murine colitis[1][2][3].
(+)-Norfenfluramine a major hepatic metabolite of (+)-fenfluramine, is a selective 5-HT2B receptor agonist (Ki: 11.2 nM). (+)-Norfenfluramine potently stimulates the hydrolysis of inositol phosphates and increases intracellular Ca2+. (+)-Norfenfluramine can be used for the research of primary pulmonary hypertension and valvular heart disease[1].
KRAS G12C inhibitor 20 is a KRAS G12C inhibitor extracted from patent CN112694475A, example 1[1].
Tetrapeptide-1 is a bioactive peptide with antioxidant effect and has been reported used as a cosmetic ingredient[1].
SOS1-IN-3 is a potent SOS1 (son of sevenless homolog 1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 5 nM. SOS1-IN-3 has anticancer effects (WO2019122129A1; compound I-1)[1].
rac-Rotigotine Hcl is a high potency and selectivity agonist for D-2 receptor with Ki of 0.69 nM. IC50 Value: 0.69 nM(Ki)Target: D-2 receptorin vitro: rac-Rotigotine showed high potency (Ki = 0.69 nM) and selectivity for D-2 receptors as compared to its potency and selectivity at various other neuronal receptors (Ki in nM): D-1 (678) dopamine, alpha 1-(534) and alpha 2-(195) adrenoceptor, S1-(6940) and S2-(5900) serotonin and muscarine (2660). Very low activity (Ki greater than 10(-5) M) was seen at the beta-adrenoceptor, A1-adenosine, GABAA and benzodiazepine receptors. Furthermore, rac-Rotigotine inhibited the calcium-dependent release of [3H]dopamine (IC50: 4 nM) and [3H]acetylcholine (IC50: 6.3 nM) from rabbit striatal slices in the nanomolar range. These effects of rac-Rotigotine were mediated through activation of D-2 dopamine autoreceptors and D-2 dopamine heteroreceptors, respectively.in vivo: Presynaptic dopaminergic activity in vivo was measurable as an inhibition of the locomotor activity of mice, and in this model rac-Rotigotine was more effective than apomorphine. Moreover, the effect of rac-Rotigotine could be antagonized by sulpiride but not by yohimbine. rac-Rotigotine was equipotent with apomorphine in inducing circling behaviour in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. rac-Rotigotine had almost no serotonergic activity in vivo.
CGP 25454A is a novel and selective presynaptic dopamine autoreceptor antagonist. In vitro: CGP 25454A increase the field-stimulated [3H]- and [14C]-overflow from rat striatal slices preloaded with [3H]dopamine and [14C]choline, indicating that CGP 25454A is able to enhance the release of both dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (ACh). However, CGP 25454A is 12.9 times more potent in increasing, by 1/6 of the apparent maximal increase, the release of [3H]DA than that of [14C]ACh.In vivo: CGP 25454A increase [3H]spiperone binding to receptors of the D2 family in rat striatum by 90-110% (ED50: 13 mg/kg i.p.). As a similar increase in [3H]spiperone binding is found with a variety of agents which increase the synaptic concentration of endogenous DA, the effect of CGP 25454A most probably reflects an enhanced release of DA under in vivo conditions. At 30-100 mg/kg, CGP 25454A inhibit [3H]spiperone binding in the pituitary of the same animals as a result of a blockade of postsynaptic DA receptors.
ONO-8711 is a potent and selective competitive antagonist of EP1 receptor (Ki = 0.6 and 1.7 nM for human and mouse EP1 respectively). ONO-8711 effectively reduces tumor incidence and multiplicity in mouse models of colon, breast, and oral cancer[1].
Inupadenant (EOS-850) hydrochloride is an orally active, highly selective A2A receptor antagonist. Inupadenant hydrochloride is not brain-penetrant. Inupadenant hydrochloride has potent anti-tumor activity[1].
NGD94-1 is a specific dopamine D4 receptor antagonist. NGD94-1 can effectively reverse Phencyclidine-induced cognitive impairment in marmosets. NGD94-1 can be used in the study of psychiatric diseases[1].
Ramelteon metabolite M-II is the major metabolite of Ramelteon, with IC50s of 208 pM, 1470 pM for human melatonin receptors (MT1 or MT2). Ramelteon is a selective melatonin agonist.
Deflazacort is a glucocorticoid used as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant.Target: Glucocorticoid ReceptorDeflazacort is an inactive prodrug which is converted rapidly to the active metabolite 21-desacetyldeflazacort. Maximum concentrations of 21-desacetyldeflazacort averaged 116 ng/ml and were observed after 1.3 h. The average area under the curve was 280 ng/ml.h, and the terminal half-life was 1.3 h. 21-Desacetyldeflazacort was cleared significantly faster than both methylprednisolone and prednisolone [1]. Two of 40 boys treated with deflazacort died at 13 and 18 years of age from cardiac failure. The treated boys were significantly shorter, did not have excessive weight gain and 22 of 40 had asymptomatic cataracts. Deflazacort has a very significant impact on health, quality of life and health care costs for boys with DMD and their families, and is associated with few side effects [2].
BMS-764459 is a CRF1 antagonist. BMS-764459 can be used for the research of neurological disorders such as depression and anxiety. BMS-764459 is also an atypical CYP1A1 inducer[1][2].
Bunazosin hydrochloride is a potent and selective α1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Bunazosin hydrochloride can be used for antihypertensive and ocular hypotensive research[1].
PRX-08066 is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5-HT2BR, IC50= 3.4 nM) antagonist that causes selective vasodilation of pulmonary arteries. IC50 value: 3.4 nM [1]Target: HT2B receptorin vitro: PRX-08066 inhibits 5-HT-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation with IC50 of 12 nM and markedly reduces thymidine incorporation with IC50 of 3 nM in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the human 5-HT2BR, which suggests that PRX-08066 can potentially inhibit the pathologic 5-HT-induced vascular muscularization associated with PAH [1]. PRX-08066 inhibits cell proliferation with IC50 of 0.46 nM and with a maximum inhibition of 20% and 5-HT secretion with IC50 of 6.9 nM with a maximum inhibition of 30% in the 5-HT(2B) expressing SI-NET cell line, KRJ-I. PRX-08066 inhibits isoproterenol-stimulated 5-HT release with IC50 of 1.25 nM and a maximum inhibition of 60% in NCI-H720 cells. PRX-08066 (0.5 nM) significantly inhibits ERK phosphorylation in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 inhibits TGFβ1, CTGF and FGF2 transcription and secretion in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 decreases level of transcripts for Ki67 (84%) as well as Ki67 protein (36.8%) associated with an increase in caspase 3 transcript levels in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 decreases level of transcripts of TGFβ1, FGF2 and TPH1 in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 significantly increases the number of dead cells (34%) compared with untreated controls in KRJ-I cells. PRX-08066 causes a significant increase in dead/caspase 3 positive cells (76%) and caspase 3 activity (52%) in HEK293 cells [2].in vivo: PRX-08066 (100 mg/kg) treated groups demonstrates less right ventricular hypertrophy and septal flattening than the monocrotaline control group in rats. PRX-08066 significantly reduces peak pulmonary artery pressure at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg compared with monocrotaline control rats. PRX-08066 also significantly reduces right ventricle (RV)/body weight and RV/left ventricle + septum, compared with MCT-treated rats. PRX-08066 significantly attenuates the elevation in pulmonary artery pressure and RV hypertrophy and maintains cardiac function. PRX-08066 significantly reduces the hypoxia-dependent increase in right ventricular systolic pressure in both rats and mice without affecting the systemic mean arterial pressure in the animals [1]. PRX-08066 (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibits both right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular/left ventricular +septum weight elevations in rats. PRX-08066 (30 mg/kg) inhibits right ventricular systolic pressure and monocrotaline-induced ERK phosphorylation in whole lung homogenates in rats [3].
(E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine is a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist. (E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine inhibits monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) with a Ki value of 70 nM by a pathway that is independent of its actions on the A2A receptor. (E)-8-(3-Chlorostyryl)caffeine has the potential for Parkinson's disease research[1].
Lodoxamide is an antiallergic compound acting as a mast-cell stabilizer for the treatment of asthma and allergic conjunctivitis.
Olmesartan methyl ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of Olmesartan medoxomil. Olmesartan medoxomil is a potent and selective angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist with IC50 of 66.2 μM[1][2].
Olcegepant hydrochloride is the first potent and selective non-peptide antagonist of the calcitonin gene-related peptide 1 (CGRP1) receptor with IC50 of 0.03 nM and with a Ki of 14.4 pM for human CGRP.
FC131 TFA 是一种 CXCR4 拮抗剂，抑制 [125I]-SDF-1 与 CXCR4 结合，IC50 值为 4.5 nM。FC131 TFA 具有抗 HIV 的活性。
Practolol is a potent and selective β1-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Practolol can be used for the research of cardiac arrhythmias[1][2][3].
ONO-0740556 is a potent Gi-coupled human lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) agonist with an EC50 value of 0.26 nM[1].
Lumateperone Tosylate is a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist (Ki = 0.54 nM), a partial agonist of presynaptic D2 receptors and an antagonist of postsynaptic D2 receptors (Ki = 32 nM), and a SERT blocker (Ki = 61 nM). IC50 value: 0.54 nM (Ki, for 5-HT2A receptor )Target: 5-HT2A receptorLumateperone also possesses affinity for the D1 receptor (Ki = 52 nM) and weak affinity for the α1A- and α1B-adrenergic receptors (Ki = 173 nM at α1) and D4 receptor. Lumateperone does not significantly bind to the 5-HT2B, 5-HT2C, H1, or mACh receptors. Lumateperone shows a 60-fold difference in its affinities for the 5-HT2A and D2 receptors, which is far greater than that of most or all existing atypical antipsychotics, such as risperidone (12-fold), olanzapine (12.4-fold), and aripiprazole (0.18-fold).[1]in vivo: It is thought that this property may improve the effectiveness and reduce the side effect profile of Lumateperone relative to currently-available antipsychotics, a hypothesis which is supported by the observation of minimal catalepsy in mice treated with Lumateperone.[1]
SB 242084 hydrochloride is a 5-HT2C receptor antagonist(pKi=9.0) that displays 158- and 100-fold selectivity over 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors respectively.IC50 value: 9.0(pKi) [1]Target: 5-HT2C antagonistin vitro: SB 242084 had over 100-fold selectivity over a range of other 5-HT, dopamine and adrenergic receptors. In studies of 5-HT-stimulated phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis using SH-SY5Y cells stably expressing the cloned human 5-HT2C receptor, SB 242084 acted as an antagonist with a pKb of 9.3, which closely resembled its corresponding receptor binding affinity [1].in vivo: SB 242084 potently inhibited m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP, 7 mgkg i.p. 20 min pre-test)-induced hypolocomotion in rats, a model of in vivo central 5-HT2C receptor function, with an ID50 of 0.11 mg/kg i.p., and 2.0 mg/kg p.o. SB 242084 (0.1-1 mg/kg i.p.) exhibited an anxiolytic-like profile in the rat social interaction test, increasing time spent in social interaction, but having no effect on locomotion. SB 242084 (0.1-1 mg/kg i.p.) also markedly increased punished responding in a rat Geller-Seifter conflict test of anxiety, but had no consistent effect on unpunished responding [1].
Cyclorasin 9A5 is an 11-residue cell-permeable cyclic peptide that orthosterically inhibits the Ras-Raf protein interaction with an IC50 of 120 nM[1].