RO 4938581 is a potent and selective GABAA α5 inverse agonist, with a Ki of 4.6 nM for GABAA α5β3γ2a, and shows a lower affinity at α1β3γ2a, α2β3γ2a, α3β3γ2a (Ki, 174, 185, 80 nM, respectively); RO 4938581 is used in the research of cognitive dysfunction.
MRK-898 is an orally active GABA(A) receptor modulator. MRK-898 binds to α1, α2, α3 or α5 subunit of GABA(A) receptor with Ki values of 1.2 nM, 1.0 nM, 0.73 nM, and 0.50 nM, respectively. However, α1-containing GABA(A) receptors are identified as the "sedative" and α2- and/or α3-containing receptors as the "anxiolytic" subtype(s)[1].
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