Etoposide phosphate disodium (BMY-40481 disodium) is a potent anti-cancer chemotherapy agent and a selective topoisomerase II inhibitor to prevent re-ligation of DNA strands. Etoposide phosphate disodium is the phosphate ester prodrug of etoposide and is considered as active equivalent to Etoposide. Etoposide phosphate disodium induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy[1][2].
ATG7-IN-3 (compound 18) is a potent ATG7 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.048 μM. ATG7-IN-3 inhibits autophagy. ATG7-IN-3 inhibits the formation of endogenous LC3B puncta in the neuroglioma cell line H4[1].
Rimonabant hydrochloride is a cannabinoid receptor (CB) antagonist which binds selectively to CB1 with a Ki of 2 nM.
Ginsenoside F2, a metabolite from Ginsenoside Rb1, induces apoptosis accompanied by protective autophagy in breast cancer stem cells[1].
Saquinavir mesylate is an HIV Protease Inhibitor used in antiretroviral therapy. IC50 Value:Target: HIV ProteaseSaquinavir is a protease inhibitor. Proteases are enzymes that cleave protein molecules into smaller fragments. HIV protease is vital for both viral replication within the cell and release of mature viral particles from an infected cell. Saquinavir binds to the active site of the viral protease and prevents cleavage of viral polyproteins, preventing maturation of the virus. Saquinavir inhibits both HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases.Studies have also looked at Saquinavir as a possible anti-cancer agent.
Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX inhibitor with an IC50 of 30 nM for hCA IX[1]. Diuretic effects[4].
Niacin-15N,13C3 is the 13C and 15N labeled Niacin[1]. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is an orally active water-soluble B3 vitamin that is an essential nutrient for humans. Niacin (Vitamin B3) plays a key role in energy metabolism, cell signaling cascades regulating gene expression and apoptosis. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is also used in the study of cardiovascular diseases[2][3].
ULK1-IN-2 (compound 3s) is a potent ULK1 inhibitor. ULK1-IN-2 shows highest cytotoxic effect against cancer cell lines, with IC50 of 1.94 μM in A549. ULK1-IN-2 can induce apoptosis and simultaneously block autophagy, and can be used to study NSCLC (Non-small cell lung cancer)[1].
Polydatin (Piceid), extracted from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb, a widely used traditional Chinese remedies, possesses anti-inflammatory activity in several experimental models.
4,4'-Dimethoxychalcone, isolated from the plant Angelica keiskei koidzumi, acts as a natural autophagy inducer with anti-ageing properties[1].
TG101209 is a selective JAK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 6 nM, less potent to Flt3 and RET with IC50 of 25 nM and 17 nM, appr 30-fold selective for JAK2 than JAK3, and sensitive to JAK2V617F and MPLW515L/K mutations.
Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21-d4 is the deuterium labeled Dexamethasone-4,6α,21,21. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
Thioridazine is an antipsychotic drug, used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis, shows D4 selectivity or serotonin antagonism.
Berbamine dihydrochloride is an inhibitor of NF-κB activity with remarkable anti-myeloma efficacy.
Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium salt (3β-Hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one monosulfate sodium salt) is a powerful neurosteroid, the main precursor of various steroid hormones including steroid ketones. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium salt acts as a signaling-specific inhibitor of cannabinoid CB1 receptor, inhibits the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that are mediated by the CB1 receptors. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium salt can protect the brain from cannabis intoxication[1][2].
Bergapten is a natural anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor agent isolated from bergamot essential oil, other citrus essential oils and grapefruit juice. Bergapten is inhibitory towards mouse and human CYP isoforms.
SBE13 Hydrochloride is a potent and selective Plk1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 200 pM; SBE13 Hydrochloride poorly inhibits Plk2 (IC50>66 μM) or Plk3 (IC50=875 nM).
OSI-027 is an ATP-competitive mTOR kinase activity inhibitor with an IC50 of 4 nM. OSI-027 targets both mTORC1 and mTORC2 with IC50s of 22 nM and 65 nM, respectively.
SNX-2112 is an orally active Hsp90 inhibitor, with a Kd of 16 nM for Hsp90 and IC50s of 30 nM, 30 nM for Hsp90 α and Hsp90 β, also induces Her-2 degradation, and inhibits Grp94 and Trap-1, with IC50s of 10 nM, 4.275 μM and 0.862 μM, respectively.
Corosolic acid isolated from the fruit of Cratoegus pinnatifida var. psilosa, was reported to have anticancer activity.IC50 value: 26.8 μg/ml in vitroTarget:In vitro: Corosolic acid displayed about the same potent cytotoxic activity as ursolic acid against several human cancer cell lines. In addition, the compound displayed antagonistic activity against the phorbol ester-induced morphological modification of K-562 leukemic cells, indicating the suppression of protein kinase C (PKC) activity by the cytotoxic compound. The compound showed PKC inhibition with dose-dependent pattern in an in vitro PKC assay [1]. MTT method was used to detect the influence of corosolic acid on A549 lung cancer cell growth in vitro under different concentrations. The value of IC50 was 26.8 μg/ml in vitro experiment. Corosolic acid of different doses had certain therapeutic effects on A549 solid tumor, the content of VEGF and CD34 proteins also had different degrees of influence [2]. Corosolic acid induced apoptosis in CT-26 cells, mediated by the activation of caspase-3. It inhibited the proliferation and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human dermal lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells, decreased the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells stimulated by angiopoietin-1 [3]. In vivo: A mouse colon carcinoma CT-26 animal model was employed to determine the in vivo anti-angiogenic and anti-lymphangiogenic effects of corosolic acid.
BGT226 (NVP-BGT226) is a PI3K (with IC50s of 4 nM, 63 nM and 38 nM for PI3Kα, PI3Kβ and PI3Kγ)/mTOR dual inhibitor which displays potent growth-inhibitory activity against human head and neck cancer cells[1][2].
THZ-P1-2 is a potent and selective PI5P4K inhibitor. THZ-P1-2 covalently targets cysteines on a disordered loop in PI5P4Kα/β/γ with an IC50 of 190 nM for PI5P4Kα. THZ-P1-2 causes autophagy disruption and upregulates TFEB signaling. THZ-P1-2 displays anticancer activity in leukemia cell lines[1].
(Rac)-Hesperetin is the racemate of Hesperetin. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin induces apoptosis via p38 MAPK activation.
Oleanolic acid (Caryophyllin) is a natural compound from plants with anti-tumor activities.
GANT 61 is an inhibitor of Gli1 and Gli2 targeting the Hedgehog/GLI pathway.
Acetazolamide sodium is the sodium salt of Acetazolamide. Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX inhibitor with an IC50 of 30 nM for hCA IX. Acetazolamide has diuretic, antihypertensive and anti-gonococcal activities[1][4][5][6].
Momelotinib (CYT387) sulfate is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1/JAK2 with IC50 of 11 nM/18 nM, 10-fold selectivity versus JAK3 (IC50=155 nM).
Manzamine A hydrochloride, an orally active beta-carboline alkaloid, inhibits specifically GSK-3β and CDK-5 with IC50s of 10.2 and 1.5μM, respectively. Manzamine A hydrochloride targets vacuolar ATPases and inhibits autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells. Manzamine A hydrochloride has antimalarial and anticancer activities. Manzamine A hydrochloride also shows potent activity against HSV-1[1][2][3][4].
YM-201636 is a potent and selective PIKfyve inhibitor with an IC50 of 33 nM. YM-201636 also inhibits p110α with IC50 of 3.3 μM.
Olaparib D5 (AZD2281 D5) is a deuterium labeled Olaparib. Olaparib is a potent and oral PARP inhibitor[1].