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442-51-3

442-51-3 structure
442-51-3 structure
  • Name: Harmine
  • Chemical Name: harmine
  • CAS Number: 442-51-3
  • Molecular Formula: C13H12N2O
  • Molecular Weight: 212.247
  • Catalog: Natural product Alkaloid
  • Create Date: 2018-09-10 17:55:17
  • Modify Date: 2025-08-20 17:30:11
  • Harmine is a natural dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase ((DYRK)) inhibitor with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
Name harmine
Synonyms 9H-Pyrido(3,4-b)indole, 7-methoxy-1-methyl-
Yajeine
Banisterine
Harmine
7-Methoxy-1-methyl-9H-β-carboline
Telepathin
Yagein
Garmin
Telepathien
Harmin
Yageine
9H-Pyrido[3,4-b]indole, 7-methoxy-1-methyl-
7-methoxy-1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole
EINECS 207-131-4
Telepathine
BANISTERINE MONOHYDRATE
7-Methoxy-1-methyl-9H-pyrido(3,4-b)indole
MFCD00150055
Description Harmine is a natural dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase ((DYRK)) inhibitor with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
Related Catalog
Target

5-HT2A Receptor:397 nM (Ki)

DYRK1A

RAD51

In Vitro Harmine is an inhibitor of 5-HT2A, with an Ki of 397 nM[1]. Harmine inhibits tau phosphorylation by DYRK1A by selected DANDYs, with an IC50 of 190 nM[2].Harmine negatively regulates HR by interfering Rad51 recruitment, resulting in severe cytotoxicity in hepatoma cells. Furthermore, NHEJ inhibitor Nu7441 markedly sensitizes Hep3B cells to the anti-proliferative effects of Harmine[3].
In Vivo It is shown that brain water content is significantly increased in the TBI group. Treatment with Harmine significantly reduces the tissue water content at 1, 3 and 5 days, compared with the TBI group. Harmine treatment significantly reduces the escape latency at 3 and 5 days, compared with the TBI group. Post-TBI administration of Harmine significantly improves the motor function recovery of the rats at 1, 3 and 5 days following TBI, compared with the TBI group without Harmine treatment. The neuronal survival rate in the Harmine-treated group is significantly increased, compared with the TBI group. Administration of Harmine results in marked elevation in the expression of GLT-1, compared with the TBI group. The administration of Harmine significantly reduces the expression of caspase 3, compared with the TBI group[4].
Animal Admin Rats[4] A total of 150 male Sprague-Dawley rats (age, 10-12 weeks; weighing, 280-320 g; are used in the present study. The rats are randomly divided into three groups: Sham-operated group (sham; n=15); the TBI group (TBI; n=35) and the TBI + Harmine-treated group (Harmine; n=35). Harmine is administered immediately following TBI (i.p, 30 mg/kg per day) for up to 5 days. The sham and TBI groups receive equal volumes of 0.9% saline solution (i.p.). The rats are grouped as follows for examination of behavioral recovery: Sham, n=3; TBI, n=7; and Harmine, n=7. Following TBI, the NSS is evaluated at 1, 3 and 5 days. Each rat is assessed by an observer who is blinded to the animal treatment[4].
References

[1]. Glennon RA, et al. Binding of beta-carbolines and related agents at serotonin (5-HT(2) and 5-HT(1A)), dopamine (D(2)) and benzodiazepine receptors. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Aug 1;60(2):121-32.

[2]. Neumann F, et al. DYRK1A inhibition and cognitive rescue in a Down syndrome mouse model are induced by new fluoro-DANDY derivatives. Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 12;8(1):2859.

[3]. Zhang L, et al. Harmine suppresses homologous recombination repair and inhibits proliferation of hepatoma cells. Cancer Biol Ther. 2015;16(11):1585-92.

[4]. Zhong Z, et al. Treatment with harmine ameliorates functional impairment and neuronal death following traumatic brain injury. Mol Med Rep. 2015 Dec;12(6):7985-91.
Density 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 421.4±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 262-264 °C(lit.)
Molecular Formula C13H12N2O
Molecular Weight 212.247
Flash Point 139.8±17.0 °C
Exact Mass 212.094955
PSA 37.91000
LogP 3.17
Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.706

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
UV0175000
CHEMICAL NAME :
9H-Pyrido(3,4-b)indole, 7-methoxy-1-methyl-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
442-51-3
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
0178813
LAST UPDATED :
199612
DATA ITEMS CITED :
11
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C13-H12-N2-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
212.27
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T B656 EN HMJ F1 KO1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
3 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - sleep Behavioral - tremor Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 129,133,1928
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
PSCBAY Psychopharmacology Service Center, Bulletin. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-3, 1961-65. For publisher information, see PSYBB9. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,17,1963
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
243 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - excitement Skin and Appendages - hair
REFERENCE :
PCJOAU Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal (English Translation). Translation of KHFZAN. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) No.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,1171,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 129,133,1928
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 129,133,1928
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 129,133,1928
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
60 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation) Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia
REFERENCE :
NEPHBW Neuropharmacology. (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW, UK) V.9- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,15,1971
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 129,133,1928
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION :
300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
QJPPAL Quarterly Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology. (London, UK) V.2-21, 1929-48. For publisher information, see JPPMAB. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,37,1936 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PISDDJ Pacific Information Service on Street Drugs. (J.K. Brown, School of Pharmacy, Univ. of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211) V.1- 1972(?)- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(3-6),-,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,1,1978
Hazard Codes Xn:Harmful
Risk Phrases R20/21/22;R36
Safety Phrases S22-S24/25-S36/37-S26
RIDADR 1544
WGK Germany 3
RTECS UV0175000
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 6.1
HS Code 2933990090
HS Code 2933990090
Summary 2933990090. heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%
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