Ampicillin

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 10:49:51

Ampicillin Structure
Ampicillin structure
 Common Name Ampicillin
CAS Number 69-53-4 Molecular Weight 349.405
Density 1.6±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 644.5±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C16H19N3O4S Melting Point 198-200 °C (dec.)(lit.)
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 343.6±34.3 °C
Symbol GHS07 GHS08
GHS07, GHS08		 Signal Word Danger

 Use of Ampicillin


Ampicillin is a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

 Names

Name ampicillin
Synonym More Synonyms

 Ampicillin Biological Activity

Description Ampicillin is a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Related Catalog
In Vitro Ampicillin inhibits the growth of E. coli of swine origin in a dose-dependent manner. The effective inhibitory concentration of Ampicillin was 2.5 uG/mL[1].
In Vivo Ampicillin is very effective in alleviating the symptoms of hemorrhagic enteritis in a 11-week old pig[1]. Ampicillin produces maximum concentrations in bile twice as high as in serum. The peak concentration of ampicillin after an oral dose is as twice as high in portal blood as in peripheral blood[2]. Ampicillin provides neuroprotection against ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. Ampicillin reduces the activities of MMPs and increases the expression level of GLT-1. Pretreatment with ampicillin significantly reduces medial hippocampal cell death following global forebrain ischemia[3].
Animal Admin Mice: Ampicillin is dissolved in normal saline. Male C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized with halothane and subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 40 min. Before transient forebrain ischemia, ampicillin (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.]) or penicillin G (6,000 U/kg or 20,000 U/kg, i.p.) was administered daily for 5 days. In the control animals, saline was administered at the same volume and time schedule[3].
References

[1]. Chopra SL, et al. Effect of Ampicillin on E. Coli of Swine Origin. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci. 1963 Sep;27(9):223-7.

[2]. Lund B, et al. Ampicillin in portal and peripheral blood and bile after oral administration of ampicillin andpivampicillin. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1974;7(2):133-5.

[3]. Lee KE, et al. The neuroprotective mechanism of ampicillin in a mouse model of transient forebrain ischemia. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Mar;20(2):185-92.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 644.5±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 198-200 °C (dec.)(lit.)
Molecular Formula C16H19N3O4S
Molecular Weight 349.405
Flash Point 343.6±34.3 °C
Exact Mass 349.109619
PSA 138.03000
LogP 1.65
Vapour Pressure 0.0±2.0 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.724
Stability Stable, but may be moisture sensitive. Incopmpatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Water Solubility NH4OH 1 M: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
XH8350000
CHEMICAL NAME :
4-Thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 6-(2-amino-2-phenylacetamido)-3,3- dimethyl-7-oxo-, D-(-)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
69-53-4
LAST UPDATED :
199806
DATA ITEMS CITED :
31
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C16-H19-N3-O4-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
349.44
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T45 ANV ESTJ CMVYZR& F1 F1 GVQ -D

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
400 mg/kg/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - agranulocytosis Blood - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature increase
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
160 mg/kg/4D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - agranulocytosis Blood - thrombocytopenia
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
4500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
6200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>3 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
10 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
3250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
4600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
380 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - excitement Musculoskeletal - changes in teeth and supporting structures
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>3 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
28 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
>100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
7500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 4-13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM :
Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION :
28 mg/L
REFERENCE :
HUTODJ Human Toxicology. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants., RG 21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,173,1984 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,153,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,153,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,153,1990 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81707 No. of Facilities: 1320 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 4 No. of Employees: 2942 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81707 No. of Facilities: 1250 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 13 No. of Employees: 42346 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 32858 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07 GHS08
GHS07, GHS08
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H315-H317-H319-H334-H335
Precautionary Statements P261-P280-P284-P304 + P340-P305 + P351 + P338-P342 + P311
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes Xn:Harmful
Risk Phrases R36/37/38;R42/43
Safety Phrases S22-S26-S36/37
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany 2
RTECS XH8425000
Packaging Group I; II; III
HS Code 2941109200

 Synthetic Route

 Customs

HS Code 2941109200

 Articles1074

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 Synonyms

amfipen
qidamp
ay-6108
binotal
Wymox
Unasyn
(2S,5R,6R)-6-[(R)-2-Amino-2-phenylacetamido]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
MFCD00072036
p-50
ab-pc
EINECS 200-709-7
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Related Compounds: More...
ampicillin
33993-48-5
Ampicillin
7177-48-2
Ampicillin
54182-62-6
L-ampicillin
19379-33-0
Ampicillin-d5
1426173-65-0
pivampicillin
33817-20-8
AmpicillinSodium
69-52-3
sodium ampicillin
15497-42-4
4’-Bromo Ampicillin
1356019-52-7
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