Efavirenz

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 22:12:47

Efavirenz Structure
Efavirenz structure
 Common Name Efavirenz
CAS Number 154598-52-4 Molecular Weight 315.675
Density 1.5±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 422.7±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C14H9ClF3NO2 Melting Point 139-141ºC
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 209.4±31.5 °C
Symbol GHS09
GHS09		 Signal Word Warning

 Use of Efavirenz


Efavirenz is a potent inhibitor of the wild-type HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with a Ki of 2.93 nM and exhibits an IC95 of 1.5 nM for the inhibition of HIV-1 replicative spread in cell culture.

 Names

Name efavirenz
Synonym More Synonyms

 Efavirenz Biological Activity

Description Efavirenz is a potent inhibitor of the wild-type HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with a Ki of 2.93 nM and exhibits an IC95 of 1.5 nM for the inhibition of HIV-1 replicative spread in cell culture.
Related Catalog
Target

Ki: 2.93 nM (HIV-1 RT)[1]
In Vitro Efavirenz (L-743726) is found to be capable of inhibiting, with 95% inhibitory concentrations of ≤ 1.5μM, a panel of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NNRTIs)-resistant mutant viruses, each of which expresses a single RT amino acid substitution. Efavirenz is also tested for its activity against a variety of polymerase enzymes and is found to be inactive (IC50>300μM). Efavirenz effectively inhibits several wild-type T-lymphoid cell line-adapted variants. Identical activity (IC95, 1.5 to 3.0 nM) is seen with wild-type primary isolates of the virus in both primary lymphoid and monocytoid cell cultures. Efavirenz also effectively inhibits HIV-1 variants that expressed RT amino acid substitutions which confer the loss of susceptibility to other NNRTIs. For purposes of comparison[1]. Efavirenz is a non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with IC50 of 60 nM[2]. Efavirenz inhibits synthesis using an RNA PPT-primed substrate with an IC50 of 17 nM[3].
In Vivo After i.v. administration, Efavirenz (L-743726) is cleared rapidly from rats, but it is cleared considerably more slowly from monkeys. The large volume of distribution (two to four times the amount of body water) in both species indicates extensive tissue binding. The oral bioavailability in rats is 16%. In monkeys, the half-life of Efavirenz after administration of a 1 mg/kg i.v. dose exceeded 2.5 h. Efavirenz is well absorbed orally. Administration to monkeys of oral doses as fine suspensions in 0.5% aqueous methylcellulose yields consistently high levels in plasma. A 2.0 mg/kg dose produces peak levels of 0.5μM at approximately 3.0 h. The absolute bioavailability is estimated to be 42%. A 10 mg/kg dose yields a peak level in plasma of 3.22 μM. A 10 mg/kg oral dose given to a single chimpanzee gave concentrations in plasma of 4.12, 2.95, and 2.69 μM at 2, 8, and 24 h after dosing, respectively[1].
Kinase Assay Recombinant RT enzymes are expressed, purified, and assessed for inhibition by Efavirenz (L-743726). Ki and Kii values are determined for each enzyme tested. The wild-type RT exhibited exclusively noncompetitive inhibition kinetics (data not shown), and, therefore, the Ki and Kii values are identical. Pure noncompetitive inhibition is not assumed for the mutant enzymes, and, hence, the values of both Ki and Kii are obtained from the linear mixed-type inhibition equation. The two- to threefold differences between the Ki and Kii values probably reflect a small contribution of competitive inhibition with the mutant RTs[1].
Animal Admin Mice[1] Studies are performed in rats, rhesus monkeys, and a single chimpanzee. For analyses of the drug given to rats intravenously (i.v.), a group (n=4 or 5) of fasted male Sprague-Dawley rats (weight, 250 to 450 g) receive a bolus (at a volume of 1mL/kg of body weight) of Efavirenz in DMSO via a cannula implanted in the right jugular vein. For oral studies, rats are dosed by gavage by using a suspension of Efavirenz prepared in 0.5% aqueous methylcellulose. Similarly, four monkeys receive either an i.v. bolus of the compound in DMSO via the saphenous vein at a volume of 0.1 mL/kg or are administered the compound orally in suspension by using a nasogastric tube. Monkeys are fasted for 18 h prior to dosing. One nonanesthetized, nonfasted male chimpanzee (weight, approximately 60 kg) is dosed orally by voluntary ingestion by using an aqueous suspension of the compound. In all studies, heparinized blood is obtained at appropriate times. Plasma is separated immediately by centrifugation and is stored at -20°C until analysis. Plasma samples are extracted with methylene chloride; this is followed by analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography.
References

[1]. Young SD, et al. L-743, 726 (DMP-266): a novel, highly potent nonnucleoside inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Dec;39(12):2602-5.

[2]. Held DM, et al. Differential susceptibility of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase to inhibition by RNA aptamers in enzymatic reactions monitoring specific steps during genome replication. J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 1;281(35):25712-22.

[3]. Grobler JA, et al. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase plus-strand initiation exhibits preferential sensitivity to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in vitro. J Biol Chem. 2007 Mar 16;282(11):8005-10.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 422.7±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 139-141ºC
Molecular Formula C14H9ClF3NO2
Molecular Weight 315.675
Flash Point 209.4±31.5 °C
Exact Mass 315.027405
PSA 38.33000
LogP 3.72
Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.582

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS09
GHS09
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H410
Precautionary Statements P273
Hazard Codes N
Risk Phrases 50
Safety Phrases 61
RIDADR UN3082 - class 9 - PG 3 - DOT NA1993 - Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s. HI: all (not BR)
RTECS DM3440000
HS Code 2942000000

 Synthetic Route

 Customs

HS Code 2942000000

 Articles53

More Articles
Mitochondrial (dys)function - a factor underlying the variability of efavirenz-induced hepatotoxicity?

Br. J. Pharmacol. 172(7) , 1713-27, (2015)

The non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz is associated with hepatic toxicity and metabolic disturbances. Although the mechanisms involved are not clear, recent evidence ha...
Evaluation of the in vitro/in vivo potential of five berries (bilberry, blueberry, cranberry, elderberry, and raspberry ketones) commonly used as herbal supplements to inhibit uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase.

Food Chem. Toxicol. 72 , 13-9, (2014)

In this study, we evaluated inhibitory potentials of popularly-consumed berries (bilberry, blueberry, cranberry, elderberry, and raspberry ketones) as herbal supplements on UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT...
Evaluation of thein vitro/in vivodrug interaction potential of BST204, a purified dry extract of ginseng, and its four bioactive ginsenosides through cytochrome P450 inhibition/induction and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase inhibition

Food Chem. Toxicol. 68 , 117-27, (2014)

• BST204 is a purified dry extract of ginseng containing high amounts of Rh2 and Rg3. • BST204 had only weak inhibitory effects on nine CYPs and five UGTs. • It is unlikely that BST204 alter pharmacok...

 Synonyms

Stocrin
EFAVIRNEZ
Efavirenz (200 mg)
(S)-6-chloro-4-cyclopropylethynyl-4-trifluoromethyl-1,4-dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one
(4S)-6-Chloro-4-(cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-ol
(4S)-6-Chloro-4-(cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one
4H-3,1-Benzoxazin-2-ol, 6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)-, (4S)-
DMP 266
SUSTIVA
MDP-266
Efavirenz
2H-3,1-Benzoxazin-2-one, 6-chloro-4-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-, (4S)-
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  • Product Name: Efavirenz
  • Price: $250.0/100mg $500.0/250mg $1000.0/1g
  • Purity: 98.0%
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Efavirenz
154635-17-3
Efavirenz-d5
1132642-95-5
ENT Efavirenz
154801-74-8
rac Efavirenz
177530-93-7
rac Efavirenz-d4
1246812-58-7
Chloro Efavirenz
1322625-98-8
(Rac)-Efavirenz-d5
2749807-27-8
8-Hydroxyefavirenz
1217771-47-5
8-Hydroxy-efavirenz
205754-33-2
Chemsrc provides Efavirenz(CAS#:154598-52-4) MSDS, density, melting point, boiling point, structure, formula, molecular weight etc. Articles of Efavirenz are included as well.>> amp version: Efavirenz

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