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L-Tyrosine

Names

[ CAS No. ]:
60-18-4

[ Name ]:
L-Tyrosine

[Synonym ]:
L-tyrosine zwitterion
hydrogen L-tyrosinate
MEVINOLIN
LOVALIP
a-Amino-p-hydroxyhydrocinnamic Acid
L-Phenylalanine, 4-hydroxy-
LOVASTIN
MEVACOR
H-Tyr-OH
Tyrosine
MFCD00002606
L-Tyr
Rovacor
Tyr
(S)-(-)-Tyrosine
Sivlor
L-Tyrosine
(S)-a-Amino-4-hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid
Tyrosine, L-
b-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)alanine
mevlor
Benzenepropanoic acid, α-amino-4-hydroxy-, (S)-
Tyrosinum [Latin]
(S)-a-amino-4-hydroxy-Benzenepropanoic acid
(S)-tyrosine
(S)-α-amino-4-hydroxy-Benzenepropanoic acid
EINECS 200-460-4
msd803
Paschol

Biological Activity

[Description]:

L-Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid which can inhibit citrate synthase activity in the posterior cortex.

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Neurological Disease
Natural Products >> Others

[Target]

Human Endogenous Metabolite


[In Vitro]

Results show that L-Tyrosine in vitro inhibits citrate synthase activity in the posterior cortex (2.0 and 4.0 mM), malate dehydrogenase is not altered by L-Tyrosine and succinate dehydrogenase is increased in the posterior cortex (0.1, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM), hippocampus (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM), striatum (4.0 mM) and liver (0.1, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM). When complex I activity is analyzed, inhibition is observed in hippocampus (4.0 mM). In addition to inhibition in the hippocampus, complex II also is inhibited in the posterior cortex (0.1, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM) and liver (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM). For complex II–III, activity is not altered by L-Tyrosine, and complex IV activity has decreased in the posterior cortex (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM) following treatment with L-Tyrosine[1].

[In Vivo]

The acute administration of L-Tyrosine inhibits the activity of citrate synthase in the posterior cortex and liver; however, in the striatum, the activity is increased. The results also demonstrate that acute administration of L-Tyrosine inhibits malate dehydrogenase and complex II, II–III and IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in the posterior cortex and liver of rats. The succinate dehydrogenase enzyme and complex I activity are inhibited in the posterior cortex and increased in the striatum. Furthermore, energy metabolism in the hippocampus is not amended by an acute administration of L-Tyrosine[1].

[Kinase Assay]

Posterior cortex, hippocampus, striatum and liver supernatants of 30-day-old rats are pre-incubated for 30 min at 30°C in the presence of L-Tyrosine (Tyr) at final concentrations ranging from 0.1, 1.0, 2.0 or 4.0 mM, and the activities of citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase and respiratory chain complexes I, II, II–III and IV are evaluated[1].

[Animal admin]

The equivalent of 500 mg/kg body weight of free L-Tyrosine is intraperitoneally administered in 30-day-old rats. Controls receive in saline solution. About 1 h after injections, rats are killed by decapitation without anesthesia[1].

[References]

[1]. Ferreira GK, et al. Effect of L-tyrosine in vitro and in vivo on energy metabolism parameters in brain and liver of young rats. Neurotox Res. 2013 May;23(4):327-35.


[Related Small Molecules]

3-Methyladenine | Hydrocortisone | Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine) | Retinoic acid | Melatonine | Dinoprostone | Nicotinamide | Adenosine triphosphate | 4-Acetamidophenol | Prostaglandin E1 | Dehydroepiandrosterone | Corticosterone | Progesterone | Docosahexaenoic Acid | NAD+

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.3±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
385.2±32.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
>300 °C (dec.)(lit.)

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C9H11NO3

[ Molecular Weight ]:
181.189

[ Flash Point ]:
186.7±25.1 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
181.073898

[ PSA ]:
83.55000

[ LogP ]:
0.38

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±0.9 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.614

[ Water Solubility ]:
0.45 g/L (25 ºC)

MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
YP2275600
CHEMICAL NAME :
Tyrosine, L-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
60-18-4
LAST UPDATED :
199709
DATA ITEMS CITED :
11
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C9-H11-N-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
181.21
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
QVYZ1R DQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>1450 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
42 gm/kg/2W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal) Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - amino acids (including renal excretion) Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
20750 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 15-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
5 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
3500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 15-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
150 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 3 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - ovaries, fallopian tubes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
3 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 29-31 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM :
Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 372,75,1996 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81869 No. of Facilities: 133 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 4 No. of Employees: 1421 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81869 No. of Facilities: 275 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 12 No. of Employees: 14731 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 12371 (estimated)

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS07

[ Signal Word ]:
Warning

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H315-H319-H335

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P261-P305 + P351 + P338

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi:Irritant

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S26-S36

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
YP2275600

[ HS Code ]:
29225000

Synthetic Route

Precursor & DownStream

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2922509090

[ Summary ]:
2922509090. other amino-alcohol-phenols, amino-acid-phenols and other amino-compounds with oxygen function. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

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Related Compounds