Acyclovir

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 11:08:40

Acyclovir Structure
Acyclovir structure
 Common Name Acyclovir
CAS Number 59277-89-3 Molecular Weight 225.205
Density 1.8±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 576.5±58.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C8H11N5O3 Melting Point 256-257°C
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 302.4±32.3 °C

 Use of Acyclovir


Acyclovir, a molecule tailored to inactivate the thymidine kinase of the herpesvirus, is a guanosine analogue antiviral drug. It is a drug for HSV infection by GlaxoSmithKline.IC50 Value: 0.53-0.75 uM [3]Target: HSVin vitro: Acyclovir sensitivity was determined in a plaque-reduction assay in Vero cells. IC50 Values were consistently 2-3 fold lower in B2 compared with the H strain of Vero cells. HSV Type 2 strains were 2-10-fold less sensitive than Type 1 strains [2]. in vivo: two patients experienced a recurrence during treatment with oral acyclovir (200 mg 4 times daily) for up to 12 weeks, compared with nine during placebo treatment (P = 0.016). There was no difference between acyclovir and placebo in the time to the next recurrence following completion of treatment [3]. low-dose oral acyclovirmay be effective in the prevention of HSV infection during OKT3 treatment of seropositive patients. Continuation of acyclovir prophylaxis for two to four weeks following the conclusion of OKT3 therapy may prevent occurrence of delayed infections [4].Clinical trial: Acyclovir to Treat Patients Co-infected With HIV and Herpes Viruses in Uganda. Phage2

 Names

Name acyclovir
Synonym More Synonyms

 Acyclovir Biological Activity

Description Acyclovir, a molecule tailored to inactivate the thymidine kinase of the herpesvirus, is a guanosine analogue antiviral drug. It is a drug for HSV infection by GlaxoSmithKline.IC50 Value: 0.53-0.75 uM [3]Target: HSVin vitro: Acyclovir sensitivity was determined in a plaque-reduction assay in Vero cells. IC50 Values were consistently 2-3 fold lower in B2 compared with the H strain of Vero cells. HSV Type 2 strains were 2-10-fold less sensitive than Type 1 strains [2]. in vivo: two patients experienced a recurrence during treatment with oral acyclovir (200 mg 4 times daily) for up to 12 weeks, compared with nine during placebo treatment (P = 0.016). There was no difference between acyclovir and placebo in the time to the next recurrence following completion of treatment [3]. low-dose oral acyclovirmay be effective in the prevention of HSV infection during OKT3 treatment of seropositive patients. Continuation of acyclovir prophylaxis for two to four weeks following the conclusion of OKT3 therapy may prevent occurrence of delayed infections [4].Clinical trial: Acyclovir to Treat Patients Co-infected With HIV and Herpes Viruses in Uganda. Phage2
Related Catalog
References

[1]. Li Z, et al. Acyclovir treatment of skin lesions results in immune deviation in mice infected cutaneously with herpes simplex virus. Antivir Chem Chemother. 1999 Sep;10(5):251-7.

[2]. Shelley WB, Hashim M, Shelley ED. Acyclovir in the treatment of hand-foot-and-mouth disease. Cutis. 1996 Apr;57(4):232-4.

[3]. Collins P, Oliver NM. Sensitivity monitoring of herpes simplex virus isolates from patients receiving acyclovir. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1986 Oct;18 Suppl B:103-12.

[4]. Meyrick Thomas RH, Dodd HJ, Yeo JM, Oral acyclovir in the suppression of recurrent non-genital herpes simplex virus infection. Br J Dermatol. 1985 Dec;113(6):731-5.

[5]. Tang IY, Maddux MS, Veremis SA, Low-dose oral acyclovir for prevention of herpes simplex virus infection during OKT3 therapy. Transplant Proc. 1989 Feb;21(1 Pt 2):1758-60.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 576.5±58.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 256-257°C
Molecular Formula C8H11N5O3
Molecular Weight 225.205
Flash Point 302.4±32.3 °C
Exact Mass 225.086182
PSA 119.05000
LogP -3.31
Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.7 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.762
Stability Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Water Solubility H2O: 0.7 mg/mL

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
UP0791400
CHEMICAL NAME :
6H-Purin-6-one, 1,9-dihydro-2-amino-9-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
59277-89-3
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
30
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C8-H11-N5-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
225.24
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T56 BN DN FN HNJ D1O2Q GZ IQ &T56 BN DN FVM INJ B1O2Q HZ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
28 mg/kg/2D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - changes in surface EEG Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - sputum
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
12 mg/kg/1D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - meningeal changes Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - antipsychotic
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
80 mg/kg/4D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
486 mg/kg/17D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - decreased motility or constipation Gastrointestinal - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
134 ug/kg/1D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
101 mg/kg/2D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
107 mg/kg/4D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Multiple routes
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
36 mg/kg/2D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - coma Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>20 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
860 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
620 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
750 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>10 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
724 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1118 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1118 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
250 mg/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes primarily in glomeruli Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
60 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 5-6 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
1200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - rabbit Kidney
DOSE/DURATION :
6800 ug/L
REFERENCE :
BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,1771,1989

 Safety Information

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter
Hazard Codes Xi
Risk Phrases 36/37/38
Safety Phrases S22-S24/25
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany 2
RTECS UP0791400
HS Code 2933790090

 Synthetic Route

 Customs

HS Code 2933990090
Summary 2933990090. heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

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 Synonyms

Zovir
9-((2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl)guanine
EINECS 261-685-1
Poviral
aclovir
bw248u
Acyclo-V
Maynar
9-(2-Hydroxyethoxy)methylguanine
Vimrax
Zoviax
Aciclovir
Zyclir
Cycloviran
2-Amino-9-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl)-1H-purin-6(9H)-one
Viroraxl
Azone
w-248-u
BW 248U
2-Amino-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
2-amino-9-{[(2-hydroxyethyl)oxy]methyl}-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one
6H-Purin-6-one, 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-
9-[(2-Hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine
Wellcome 248U
Cargosil
Zovirax
Acyclovir
9-(2-Hydroxyethyloxymethyl)guanine
6H-Purin-6-one, 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl)-
ACV
MFCD00057880
Acycloguanosine
vipral
Herpevir
Gerpevir
virorax
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Related Compounds: More...
Acyclovir
59877-89-3
Acyclovir-d4
1185179-33-2
acyclovir hydrate
93845-62-6
Acyclovir Acetate
102728-64-3
acyclovir butyrate
64843-83-0
acyclovir pivarate
64844-18-4
Acyclovir alaninate
84499-64-9
acyclovir phosphite
157722-20-8
N2-Acetyl Acyclovir
110104-37-5
Chemsrc provides Acyclovir(CAS#:59277-89-3) MSDS, density, melting point, boiling point, structure, formula, molecular weight etc. Articles of Acyclovir are included as well.>> amp version: Acyclovir

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