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596-51-0

596-51-0 structure
596-51-0 structure
  • Name: Glycopyrrolate
  • Chemical Name: Glycopyrrolate Bromide
  • CAS Number: 596-51-0
  • Molecular Formula: C19H28BrNO3
  • Molecular Weight: 398.335
  • Catalog: API Digestive system medication Gastrointestinal expectorant
  • Create Date: 2018-03-09 08:00:00
  • Modify Date: 2025-08-24 09:57:02
  • Glycopyrrolate(Glycopyrronium Br) is a muscarinic competitive antagonist used as an antispasmodic.IC50 Value:Target: mAChR (Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1)in vitro: Glycopyrrolate showed no selectivity in its binding to the M1-M3 receptors. Kinetics studies, however, showed that glycopyrrolate dissociates slowly from HASM muscarinic receptors (60% protection against [3H]-NMS binding at 30 nM) compared to ipratropium bromide [1].in vivo: Glycopyrrolate (1 mg) tablets were then administered, starting with one tablet daily the third week and increasing the daily dose by one tablet per week until a maximum of four tablets during week six and 4 days of week seven when the daily dose was reduced to two tablets for 3 days. glycopyrrolate can be given in controlled doses provided that an adequate medical assessment has been undertaken [2]. Glycopyrrolate has a slow and erratic absorption from the gastrointestinal system, but even low plasma levels are associated with a distinct and long-lasting antisialogic effect [3]. Oral glycopyrrolate is emerging as a potential second-line treatment option, but experience with safety, efficacy, and dosing is especially limited in children [4]. phase III study, 52.3% of glycopyrrolate oral solution recipients (aged 3-18 years; n = 137) had an mTDS response (primary endpoint); the response rate was consistently above 50% at all 4-weekly timepoints, aside from the first assessment at week 4 (40.3%). In general, glycopyrrolate oral solution was well tolerated in clinical trials. The majority of adverse events were within expectations as characteristic anticholinergic outcomes [5].Toxicity: Side effects include dry mouth, difficult urinating, heachaches, diarrhea and constipation. The medication also induces drowsiness or blurred vision. LD50=709 mg/kg (rat, oral).
Name Glycopyrrolate Bromide
Synonyms Pyrrolidinium, 3-((cyclopentylhydroxyphenylacetyl)oxy)-1,1-dimethyl-, bromide
Pyrrolidinium, 3-[(2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetyl)oxy]-1,1-dimethyl-, bromide (1:1)
Tarodyl
Glycopyrrolate
MFCD00072137
3-Hydroxy-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium bromide α-cyclopentylmandelate
glycopyrronium bromide
TARODYN
Robanul
3-{[cyclopentyl(hydroxy)phenylacetyl]oxy}-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium bromide
EINECS 209-887-0
3-[2-Cyclopentyl(hydroxy)phenylacetoxy]-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium bromide
pyrrolidinium, 3-[(cyclopentylhydroxyphenylacetyl)oxy]-1,1-dimethyl-, bromide
Nodapton
Robinul
Description Glycopyrrolate(Glycopyrronium Br) is a muscarinic competitive antagonist used as an antispasmodic.IC50 Value:Target: mAChR (Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1)in vitro: Glycopyrrolate showed no selectivity in its binding to the M1-M3 receptors. Kinetics studies, however, showed that glycopyrrolate dissociates slowly from HASM muscarinic receptors (60% protection against [3H]-NMS binding at 30 nM) compared to ipratropium bromide [1].in vivo: Glycopyrrolate (1 mg) tablets were then administered, starting with one tablet daily the third week and increasing the daily dose by one tablet per week until a maximum of four tablets during week six and 4 days of week seven when the daily dose was reduced to two tablets for 3 days. glycopyrrolate can be given in controlled doses provided that an adequate medical assessment has been undertaken [2]. Glycopyrrolate has a slow and erratic absorption from the gastrointestinal system, but even low plasma levels are associated with a distinct and long-lasting antisialogic effect [3]. Oral glycopyrrolate is emerging as a potential second-line treatment option, but experience with safety, efficacy, and dosing is especially limited in children [4]. phase III study, 52.3% of glycopyrrolate oral solution recipients (aged 3-18 years; n = 137) had an mTDS response (primary endpoint); the response rate was consistently above 50% at all 4-weekly timepoints, aside from the first assessment at week 4 (40.3%). In general, glycopyrrolate oral solution was well tolerated in clinical trials. The majority of adverse events were within expectations as characteristic anticholinergic outcomes [5].Toxicity: Side effects include dry mouth, difficult urinating, heachaches, diarrhea and constipation. The medication also induces drowsiness or blurred vision. LD50=709 mg/kg (rat, oral).
Related Catalog
References

[1]. Haddad, E.B., et al., Pharmacological characterization of the muscarinic receptor antagonist, glycopyrrolate, in human and guinea-pig airways. Br J Pharmacol, 1999. 127(2): p. 413-20.

[2]. Neverlien, P.O., et al., Glycopyrrolate treatment of drooling in an adult male patient with cerebral palsy. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2000. 27(4): p. 320-2.

[3]. Olsen, A.K. and P. Sjogren, Oral glycopyrrolate alleviates drooling in a patient with tongue cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage, 1999. 18(4): p. 300-2.

[4]. Kumar, M.G., et al., Oral Glycopyrrolate for Refractory Pediatric and Adolescent Hyperhidrosis. Pediatr Dermatol, 2013.

[5]. Garnock-Jones, K.P., Glycopyrrolate oral solution: for chronic, severe drooling in pediatric patients with neurologic conditions. Paediatr Drugs, 2012. 14(4): p. 263-9.
Melting Point 193 - 194.5ºC
Molecular Formula C19H28BrNO3
Molecular Weight 398.335
Exact Mass 397.125244
PSA 46.53000
Storage condition Hygroscopic, -20°C Freezer, Under Inert Atmosphere

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
UY4337630
CHEMICAL NAME :
Pyrrolidinium, 1,1-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-, bromide, alpha-cyclopentylmandelate
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
596-51-0
LAST UPDATED :
199504
DATA ITEMS CITED :
13
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C19-H28-N-O3.Br
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
398.39
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T5KTJ A1 A1 COVXQR&- AL5TJ &E

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
709 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,93,1971
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
196 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,361,1970
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
833 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Skin and Appendages - hair
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,627,1973
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
570 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
JMPCAS Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. (Washington, DC) V.1-5, 1959-62. For publisher information, see JMCMAR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,523,1960
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
90 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
JMPCAS Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. (Washington, DC) V.1-5, 1959-62. For publisher information, see JMCMAR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,523,1960
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
122 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,741,1975
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
15 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
29ZVAB "Handbook of Analytical Toxicology," Sunshine, I., ed., Cleveland, OH, Chemical Rubber Co., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,55,1969
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
2360 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,627,1973
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
29100 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,627,1973 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
6600 mg/kg/30D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - inflammation, necrosis, or scarring of bladder Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight Blood - other changes
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,627,1973
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
18 gm/kg/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight Endocrine - changes in thyroid weight Blood - other changes
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,627,1973 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
10 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
lactating female 1 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - postpartum
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,721,1978 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X6055 No. of Facilities: 85 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 5770 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 4866 (estimated)
Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements P305 + P351 + P338
Hazard Codes Xi
Risk Phrases 36/37/38
Safety Phrases 26
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
HS Code 2933990090
HS Code 2933990090
Summary 2933990090. heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%
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