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甘氨酸

甘氨酸用途

Glycine 是中枢神经系统的一种抑制性神经递质,同时也是 glutamate 的一种联合激动剂,有促进谷氨酸能 NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid ) 受体兴奋的潜能。

甘氨酸名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
56-40-6

[ 中文名 ]:
甘氨酸

[ 英文名 ]:
Glycine

[中文别名 ]:

氨基乙酸,氨基醋酸

[英文别名 ]:

1-aminomethyl-2-hydroxymethylbenzene
aminomethylbenzyl alcohol
2-Aminomethyl-1-hydroxymethylbenzene
aminomethylcarboxylic acid
carboxymethylamine
MFCD00236360
Glycine
EINECS 200-272-2
1-hydroxymethyl-2-aminomethylbenzene
H-Gly-OH

甘氨酸生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Glycine 是中枢神经系统的一种抑制性神经递质,同时也是 glutamate 的一种联合激动剂,有促进谷氨酸能 NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid ) 受体兴奋的潜能。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 跨膜转运 >> iGluR

信号通路 >> 神经信号通路 >> iGluR

研究领域 >> 神经疾病

天然产物 >> 其他

[ 靶点 ]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[参考文献]

[1]. Johnson JW, et al. Glycine potentiates the NMDA response in cultured mouse brain neurons. Nature. 1987 Feb 5-11;325(6104):529-31.

[相关活性小分子]

甘氨酸物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.3±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
240.9±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
240 °C (dec.)(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂H₅NO₂

[ 分子量 ]:
75.067

[ 闪点 ]:
99.5±22.6 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
75.032028

[ PSA ]:
63.32000

[ LogP ]:
-1.03

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色至灰白色结晶粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.461

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
25 g/100 mL (25 ºC)

甘氨酸MSDS

甘氨酸毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: MB7600000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Glycine

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 56-40-6

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H5-N-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 75.08

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: Z1VQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 7930 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4920 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4450 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 5060 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2370 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - food intake (animal) Behavioral - muscle weakness Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 45 gm/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Human Lymphocyte

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/L

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 280,279,1992 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80389 No. of Facilities: 1797 (estimated) No. of Industries: 17 No. of Occupations: 25 No. of Employees: 25710 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80389 No. of Facilities: 3706 (estimated) No. of Industries: 24 No. of Occupations: 48 No. of Employees: 115042 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 83784 (estimated)

甘氨酸安全信息

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R33

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S22-S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
MB7600000

[ 海关编码 ]:
29224910

甘氨酸合成路线

甘氨酸上下游产品

甘氨酸上游产品

甘氨酸下游产品

甘氨酸制备

1、氯乙酸化法氯乙酸 95% 1600

　　液氨工业级 880

　　乌洛托品 98% 350

　　乙醇 95% 1100

2、Strecker法甲醛 70% 114

　　氰化钠 70% 930

　　氯化铵 70% 1020

　　氢氧化钡 80% 1430

　　硫酸 90% 725

3.将氨水和碳酸铵混合并在水浴上加热，另配制氯乙酸水溶液，滴加上述混合液中，将混合物加热保温后，冷却结晶得到粗品。将粗品溶于沸水，加入甲醇，经结晶即得纯品甘氨酸。反应如下：

4.以甲醛、氢氰酸、氨为原料，先合成氨基乙腈，再分解生成甘氨酸。或以氨水、碳酸氢铵、氯乙酸为原料反应经脱色、结晶、洗涤、重结晶、干燥得到。

5.在冷却下边搅拌边将2.2L氨水加到2.1kg乌洛托品中使之充分溶解，然后滴加75%的氯乙酸溶液13.3kg和28%的氨水20kg。控制反应温度50～60℃，反应液ph＝7～8，在72～78℃下保温3h，吸去上层清液，所得结晶粗品经甩干后用75%的乙醇精制、干燥，即为成品。过程反应式为：

6. 烟草：BU，21；合成：可由一氯乙酸与氢氧化铵作用而成，也可由明胶水解、精制而得。

甘氨酸海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 29224910

甘氨酸文献

Urinary metabolic fingerprinting of mice with diet-induced metabolic derangements by parallel dual secondary column-dual detection two-dimensional comprehensive gas chromatography.

J. Chromatogr. A. 1361 , 265-76, (2014)

This study investigates the potential of a parallel dual secondary column-dual detection two-dimensional comprehensive GC platform (GC×2GC-MS/FID) for metabolic profiling and fingerprinting of mouse u...

Influence of the lipid membrane environment on structure and activity of the outer membrane protein Ail from Yersinia pestis.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1848(2) , 712-20, (2014)

The surrounding environment has significant consequences for the structural and functional properties of membrane proteins. While native structure and function can be reconstituted in lipid bilayer me...

Kafirin adsorption on ion-exchange resins: isotherm and kinetic studies.

J. Chromatogr. A. 1356 , 105-16, (2014)

Kafirin is a natural, hydrophobic and celiac safe prolamin protein obtained from sorghum seeds. Today kafirin is found to be useful in designing delayed delivery systems and coatings of pharmaceutical...

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甘氨酸