Milrinone

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 16:23:05

Milrinone structure	Common Name	Milrinone
	CAS Number	78415-72-2	Molecular Weight	211.219
	Density	1.3±0.1 g/cm3	Boiling Point	448.7±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
	Molecular Formula	C₁₂H₉N₃O	Melting Point	>3000C
	MSDS	USA	Flash Point	225.2±28.7 °C
	Symbol	GHS06	Signal Word	Danger

Use of Milrinone

Milrinone is a PDE3 inhibitor, and also an inotrope and vasodilator.

Name	milrinone
Synonym	More Synonyms

Description	Milrinone is a PDE3 inhibitor, and also an inotrope and vasodilator.
Related Catalog	Signaling Pathways >> Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >> Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Research Areas >> Cardiovascular Disease
In Vitro	Milrinone (1 µM) increases PKA activity in hypoxic myocytes to normoxic levels. Milrinone (50 nM) normalizes TP receptor sensitivity in hypoxic myocytes by restoring PKA-mediated regulatory TP receptor phosphorylation[1]. Milrinone significantly reduces NE-induced vasoconstriction, attenuating both NE sensitivity and maximal tension generation. Inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+ channels or voltage-gated K+ channels do not prevent the milrinone-induced attenuation of NE responses[4].
In Vivo	Milrinone (1 μg/kg/min, i.v.) significantly reduces PAP, PVR (−18.96 ± 1.7%), and LAP (−26.03 ± 2.3%) in congestive heart failure (CHF) rats. Milrinone (1 mg/mL, inhalation) results in a near-maximal reduction of PAP without significant effects on AP, decreases pulmonary artery pressure similarly in a larger collective of CHF rats. Milrinone inhalation selectively increases cAMP but not cGMP plasma concentrations in both groups. Repeated milrinone inhalations even reduce lung wet/dry weight ratio[2]. Milrinone (49.5 μg) largely shifts the ESPVR upwards and significantly increases end-systolic pressure (ESP(0.08)) and the systolic pressure-volume area (PVA(0.08)) at a mid-range LV volume (0.08 mL/g myocardium). Milrinone also slightly decreases LV ESP(ESV) and decreased Ea[3].
Animal Admin	In juvenile rats of 100 ± 8 g body weight (bw), CHF is induced by supracoronary aortic banding. In brief, rats are anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (87 mg/kg bw) and xylazine (13 mg/kg bw). Rats are placed in the supine position, the chest wall is shaved, and a left thoracotomy is performed in the third intercostal space during ventilation with 100% O2. The ascending aorta is freed from connective tissue and partially occluded by implantation of a titanium clip with a defined internal diameter of 0.8 mm. After surgical closure of the thorax, the rats are allowed to recover from anesthesia. For postoperative analgesia, rats receive 250 mg/kg bw of metamizole intramuscularly immediately after the operation and on the first postoperative day. Sham-operated rats serve as controls. After recovery from anesthesia, the animals are placed in cages with free access to water and standard laboratory diet. For inhalation, milrinone (0.2-5 mg/mL) or NaCl (0.9%) are nebulized using an ultrasonic nebulizer and inhaled for 3 min at identical peak inspiratory pressures as used throughout the experiment. A 3-min nebulization of 1 mg/mL milrinone results in vaporization of 14 μg of the phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor as determined by microgravimetry. Therefore, the respective dose of 39 μg/kg is analog to inhaled doses in human studies. For intravenous delivery, milrinone (initial bolus of 2-10 μg/kg, followed by 0.2-1 μg/kg/min) or equivalent volumes of NaCl (0.9%; initial bolus of 1.6 mL/kg, followed by 10 μL/kg/h) are administered by an infusion pump for 10 min.
References	[1]. Santhosh KT, et al. Milrinone attenuates thromboxane receptor-mediated hyperresponsiveness in hypoxic pulmonary arterial myocytes. Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Jul;163(6):1223-36. [2]. Hentschel T, et al. Inhalation of the phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor milrinone attenuates pulmonary hypertension in a rat model of congestive heart failure. Anesthesiology. 2007 Jan;106(1):124-31. [3]. Kishi T, et al. Effects of milrinone on left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship of rat hearts in situ. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2001 Sep;28(9):737-42. [4]. Taylor MS, et al. Effect of milrinone on small mesenteric artery vasoconstriction: role of K(+) channels. Am J Physiol. 1999 Jul;277(1 Pt 1):G69-78.

Density	1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	448.7±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	>3000C
Molecular Formula	C₁₂H₉N₃O
Molecular Weight	211.219
Flash Point	225.2±28.7 °C
Exact Mass	211.074554
PSA	69.54000
LogP	0.41
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.622
Storage condition	2-8°C
Stability	Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Water Solubility	DMSO: >10 mg/mL

Milrinone MSDS(Chinese)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: DW1762000

CHEMICAL NAME :: (3,4'-Bipyridine)-5-carbonitrile, 1,6-dihydro-2-methyl-6-oxo-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 78415-72-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C12-H9-N3-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 211.24

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 91 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 58 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,652,1996

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 73 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 137 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 62 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,652,1996

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 79 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: LD - Lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: >25 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Cardiac - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)

REFERENCE :: YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,2891,1993

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 40 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 44400 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - ataxia Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 4550 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle weakness Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 11375 mg/kg/65W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1200 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 14560 mg/kg/1Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - other changes

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 910 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Cardiac - changes in heart weight

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 60 mg/kg/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction Cardiac - EKG changes not diagnostic of specified effects Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

REFERENCE :: NCDREP New Cardiovascular Drugs. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,245,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 455 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)

REFERENCE :: YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,2891,1993

Symbol	GHS06
Signal Word	Danger
Hazard Statements	H301 + H311 + H331
Precautionary Statements	Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P261-P280-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P403 + P233
Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
Hazard Codes	T:Toxic
Risk Phrases	R23/24/25
Safety Phrases	S36/37/39-S45
RIDADR	UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	DW1762000
Packaging Group	III
Hazard Class	6.1(b)
HS Code	2933399090

Precursor 9
CAS#:7440-44-0 Carbon CAS#:78504-61-7 4-(Dimethylamin... CAS#:107-91-5 2-Cyanoacetamide CAS#:6304-16-1 1-(4-Pyridyl)acetone
CAS#:123-06-8 Ethoxymethylene... CAS#:80047-33-2 5-bromo-2-methy... CAS#:151-50-8 POTASSIUM CYANIDE CAS#:110-86-1 Pyridine
CAS#:63755-30-6 ethyl pyridin-1...
DownStream 2
CAS#:84884-31-1 6-CHLORO-2-METH... CAS#:80047-24-1 2-Methyl-6-oxo-...

HS Code	2933399090
Summary	2933399090. other compounds containing an unfused pyridine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

A rapid method for determination of 22 selected drugs in human urine by UHPLC/MS/MS for clinical application.

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A rapid and sensitive ultra-HPLC/MSIMS (UHPLC/MSIMS) assay method for the simultaneous determination in human urine of 22 drugs belonging to different pharmaceutical groups was developed. The drugs we...

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Multiplexed phosphospecific flow cytometry enables large-scale signaling profiling and drug screening in blood platelets.

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6-Hydroxy-2-methyl-3,4'-bipyridine-5-carbonitrile

EINECS 278-903-6

MFCD00133539

1,6-dihydro-2-methyl-6-oxo-(3,4′-bipyridine)-5-carbonitrile

Milrinonum

1,6-Dihydro-2-methyl-6-oxo-(3,4'-bipyridine)-5-carbonitrile

Milrila

Milrinone

1,2-Dihydro-6-methyl-2-oxo-5-(4-pyridinyl)nicotinonitrile

6-methyl-2-oxo-5-pyridin-4-yl-1H-pyridine-3-carbonitrile

[3,4'-Bipyridine]-5-carbonitrile, 6-hydroxy-2-methyl-

Corotrope

Milrinona

Primacor

Corotrop

2-Methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-3,4'-bipyridine-5-carbonitrile

[3,4'-Bipyridine]-5-carbonitrile, 1,6-dihydro-2-methyl-6-oxo-

Shanghai Jizhi Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd
China
Product Name: Milrinone
Price: ￥1048.0/5g ￥1388.0/1g
Purity: 98.0%
Stocking Period: 2 Day
Contact: Liu jia

DC Chemicals Limited
China
Product Name: Milrinone
Price: $450.0/100mg $600.0/250mg $1200.0/1g
Purity: 98.0%
Stocking Period: 3 Day
Contact: Tony Cao

Zhejiang Hangyu API Co., Ltd
China
Product Name: Milrinone
Price: ￥Inquiry/1kg
Purity: 99.5%
Stocking Period: Inquiry
Contact: Vinnie

Henan Tianfu Chemical Co., Ltd.
China
Product Name: Milrinone
Price: $Inquiry/1kg $Inquiry/25kg $Inquiry/1000kg $Inquiry/10ton
Purity: 99.0%
Stocking Period: Inquiry
Contact: Anson

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Milrinone

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