pyrimethamine

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 00:12:19

pyrimethamine Structure
pyrimethamine structure
 Common Name pyrimethamine
CAS Number 58-14-0 Molecular Weight 248.711
Density 1.4±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 368.4±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C12H13ClN4 Melting Point 233-234°C
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 176.6±30.7 °C
Symbol GHS07
GHS07		 Signal Word Warning

 Use of pyrimethamine


Pyrimethamine(RP4753) is a medication used for protozoal infections; interferes with tetrahydrofolic acid synthesis from folic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).IC50 Value: 15.4 nM (Plasmodium falciparum) [1]Target: DHFR; antifolatein vitro: Three susceptibility levels (susceptible, intermediate, and resistant) were observed in the response of culture-adapted clones and strains to pyrimethamine (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50]) < 100, 100-2,000, and > 2,000 nM) and cycloguanil (IC50 < 50, 50-500, and > 500 nM). Based on these susceptibility levels, 73 and 68 of 96 fresh clinical isolates were susceptible to pyrimethamine (mean IC50 15.4 nM) and cycloguanil (mean IC50 11.1 nM), respectively [1]. We tested pyrimethamine(previously reported to suppress SOD1 expression), several compounds currently in trials in human and murine ALS, and a set of 1040 FDA-approved compounds. In a PC12 cell-based assay, no compounds reduced SOD1 promoter activity without concomitant cytotoxicity. Additionally,pyrimethamine failed to repress levels of SOD1 protein in HeLa cells or homogenates of liver, spinal cord and brain of wild-type mice [3].in vivo: (131)I-Pyrimethamine (specific activity: 7.08 MBq/ mol) was injected intravenously into the tail vein of the control and infected rats. Static whole body images of the rats were acquired under the gamma camera at 5 min, 45 min, 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h following the intravenous administration of the radioactivity (3.7 MBq/rat) [2]. The 10-day treatment with 10mg/kg/day of fluconazole combined with 40/1mg/kg/day sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine resulted in 93% survival of CF1 mice acutely infected with the highly virulent T. gondii RH strain, versus 36% of mice treated with just sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine [4].Toxicity: Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine is well tolerated as treatment and when used as intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant African women. Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine is no longer used as prophylaxis because it may cause toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens Johnson syndrome [5].

 Names

Name pyrimethamine
Synonym More Synonyms

 pyrimethamine Biological Activity

Description Pyrimethamine(RP4753) is a medication used for protozoal infections; interferes with tetrahydrofolic acid synthesis from folic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR).IC50 Value: 15.4 nM (Plasmodium falciparum) [1]Target: DHFR; antifolatein vitro: Three susceptibility levels (susceptible, intermediate, and resistant) were observed in the response of culture-adapted clones and strains to pyrimethamine (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50]) < 100, 100-2,000, and > 2,000 nM) and cycloguanil (IC50 < 50, 50-500, and > 500 nM). Based on these susceptibility levels, 73 and 68 of 96 fresh clinical isolates were susceptible to pyrimethamine (mean IC50 15.4 nM) and cycloguanil (mean IC50 11.1 nM), respectively [1]. We tested pyrimethamine(previously reported to suppress SOD1 expression), several compounds currently in trials in human and murine ALS, and a set of 1040 FDA-approved compounds. In a PC12 cell-based assay, no compounds reduced SOD1 promoter activity without concomitant cytotoxicity. Additionally,pyrimethamine failed to repress levels of SOD1 protein in HeLa cells or homogenates of liver, spinal cord and brain of wild-type mice [3].in vivo: (131)I-Pyrimethamine (specific activity: 7.08 MBq/ mol) was injected intravenously into the tail vein of the control and infected rats. Static whole body images of the rats were acquired under the gamma camera at 5 min, 45 min, 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h following the intravenous administration of the radioactivity (3.7 MBq/rat) [2]. The 10-day treatment with 10mg/kg/day of fluconazole combined with 40/1mg/kg/day sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine resulted in 93% survival of CF1 mice acutely infected with the highly virulent T. gondii RH strain, versus 36% of mice treated with just sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine [4].Toxicity: Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine is well tolerated as treatment and when used as intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant African women. Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine is no longer used as prophylaxis because it may cause toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens Johnson syndrome [5].
Related Catalog
References

[1]. Basco LK, et al. In vitro activity of pyrimethamine, cycloguanil, and other antimalarial drugs against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Feb; 50(2):193-9.

[2]. Inceboz T, et al. Preparation of (131)I-Pyrimethamine and evaluation for scintigraphy of experimentally Toxoplasma gondii-infectedrats. J Drug Target. 2013 Feb;21(2):175-9.

[3]. Wright PD, et al. Screening for inhibitors of the SOD1 gene promoter: pyrimethamine does not reduce SOD1 levels in cell and animal models. Neurosci Lett. 2010 Oct 4;482(3):188-92.

[4]. Martins-Duarte ES, et al. Toxoplasma gondii: the effect of fluconazole combined with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine against acute toxoplasmosis in murine model. Exp Parasitol. 2013 Mar;133(3):294-9.

[5]. Taylor WR, et al. Antimalarial drug toxicity: a review. Drug Saf. 2004;27(1):25-61.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 368.4±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 233-234°C
Molecular Formula C12H13ClN4
Molecular Weight 248.711
Flash Point 176.6±30.7 °C
Exact Mass 248.082870
PSA 77.82000
LogP 1.03
Vapour Pressure 0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.667
Storage condition 0-6°C
Stability Stable, but light sensitive. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Water Solubility <0.01 g/100 mL at 21 ºC

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
UV8140000
CHEMICAL NAME :
2,4-Pyrimidinediamine, 5-(p-chlorophenyl)-6-ethyl-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
58-14-0
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
0219864
LAST UPDATED :
199801
DATA ITEMS CITED :
60
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C12-H13-Cl-N4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
248.74
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T6N CNJ BZ DZ ER DG& F2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - infant
DOSE/DURATION :
19 mg/kg/31D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - coma Blood - normocytic anemia
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
440 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - ataxia
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
70 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
92 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
74 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION :
75 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
5 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
5 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
45 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
75 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 12-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
1 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
DOSE :
30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
DOSE :
30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
125 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
2500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
35 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
21 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
10 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 50 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
350 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
180 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-35 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
90 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-35 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
90 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-35 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - gastrointestinal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
43200 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
21600 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
TYPE OF TEST :
Micronucleus test
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA inhibition
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION :
2500 ug/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 287,29,1993 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,233,1977 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,233,1977 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,56,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PLMJAP Pahlavi Medical Journal. (Shiraz, Iran) V.1-9, 1970-78. Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,160,1975

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H302
Precautionary Statements P301 + P312 + P330
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes Xn:Harmful
Risk Phrases R22
RIDADR 3249
WGK Germany 3
RTECS UV8140000
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 6.1(b)
HS Code 2933990090

 Synthetic Route

 Customs

HS Code 2933599090
Summary 2933599090. other compounds containing a pyrimidine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) or piperazine ring in the structure. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

 Articles72

More Articles
Multiresidue method for the determination of pharmacologically active substances in egg and honey using a continuous solid-phase extraction system and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Food Chem. 178 , 63-9, (2015)

A sensitive, selective, efficient gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of 22 pharmacologically active substances (antibacterials, nonsteroidal antiinflammator...
Host erythrocyte environment influences the localization of exported protein 2, an essential component of the Plasmodium translocon.

Eukaryotic Cell 14(4) , 371-84, (2015)

Malaria parasites replicating inside red blood cells (RBCs) export a large subset of proteins into the erythrocyte cytoplasm to facilitate parasite growth and survival. PTEX, the parasite-encoded tran...
Disruption of IL-21 signaling affects T cell-B cell interactions and abrogates protective humoral immunity to malaria.

PLoS Pathog. 11(3) , e1004715, (2015)

Interleukin-21 signaling is important for germinal center B-cell responses, isotype switching and generation of memory B cells. However, a role for IL-21 in antibody-mediated protection against pathog...

 Synonyms

Daraclor
Pyremethamine
Primethamine
5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-6-ethyl-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
TCMDC-125860
WR 2978
Pyrimethamin
Malocid
pirimetamin
bw50-63
5-(4-chlorophényl)-6-éthylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine
Malacid
2,4-Pyrimidinediamine, 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethyl-
Daraprim
Malocide
5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine
5-(4-Chlorphenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidin-2,4-diamin
MFCD00057350
T6N CNJ BZ DZ ER DG& F2
RP 4753
chloridine
darachlor
pirimecidan
Pyrimethamine
Pirimetamina
EINECS 200-364-2
TCMDC-123831
4753r.p.
Top Suppliers:I want be here

Get all suppliers and price by the below link:

pyrimethamine suppliers

Price: ￥53.7/5g

Reference only. check more pyrimethamine price

Related Compounds: More...
Pyrimethamine
76021-83-5
Pyrimethamine-d3
1189936-99-9
acetyl-pyrimethamine
74124-11-1
pyrimethamine pamoate
85819-86-9
diacetyl-pyrimethamine
71523-78-9
pyrimethamine 3-N-oxide
67412-31-1
Dapsone & Pyrimethamine
37357-69-0
triacetyl-pyrimethamine
74124-12-2
Pyrimethamine isethionate
14720-95-7
Chemsrc provides pyrimethamine(CAS#:58-14-0) MSDS, density, melting point, boiling point, structure, formula, molecular weight etc. Articles of pyrimethamine are included as well.>> amp version: pyrimethamine

Home | MSDS/SDS Database Search | Journals | Product Classification | Biologically Active Compounds | Selling Leads | About Us | Disclaimer

Copyright © 2024 ChemSrc All Rights Reserved