Oxytetracycline

Oxytetracycline is a tetracycline analog isolated from the actinomycete streptomyces rimosus and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.Target: AntibacterialOxytetracycline was the second of the broad-spectrum tetracycline group of antibiotics to be discovered. Oxytetracycline works by interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins. Without these proteins, the bacteria cannot grow, multiply and increase in numbers. Oxytetracycline therefore stops the spread of the infection and the remaining bacteria are killed by the immune system or eventually die.Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, active against a wide variety of bacteria. However, some strains of bacteria have developed resistance to this antibiotic, which has reduced its effectiveness for treating some types of infections [1, 2].

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Bacterial

Research Areas >> Infection

Natural Products >> Others

[1]. Elia, A.C., et al., Transferability of oxytetracycline (OTC) from feed to carp muscle and evaluation of the antibiotic effects on antioxidant systems in liver and kidney. Fish Physiol Biochem, 2014.

[2]. An, W., et al., Adsorptive removal of trace oxytetracycline from water by acid-modified zeolite: influencing factors. Water Sci Technol, 2013. 68(11): p. 2473-8.

Puromycin 2HCl | Geneticin | Tunicamycin | Hygromycin B | Salinomycin | Avibactam sodium | Neomycin sulfate | Vaborbactam | Methicillin SodiuM | Rifampicin | Metronidazole | Carbenicillin disodium | Ceftazidime | Eravacycline dihydrochloride | cefotaxime sodium

DATA ITEMS CITED :

28

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C22-H24-N2-O9

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

460.48

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

L E6 C666 BV FV CU GUTTT&J DQ EQ GVZ HQ IN1&1 KQ MQ M1 RQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

114 mg/kg/4D

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - hemorrhage Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - infant

DOSE/DURATION :

136 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Musculoskeletal - changes in teeth and supporting structures

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

4800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

260 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

2240 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

5706 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

140 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

220 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - food intake (animal) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

2250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

6 gm/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Immunological Including Allergic - decreased immune response

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

160 mg/kg/12D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic - hypersensitivity delayed

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

DOSE :

420 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-39 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

1 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

1 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

DOSE :

800 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Parenteral

DOSE :

800 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 12-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

DOSE :

643 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 18-48 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

DOSE :

643 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 18-48 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - gastrointestinal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

DOSE :

789 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10-28 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

80 mg/kg/8D

REFERENCE :

JOURAA Journal of Urology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1917- Volume(issue)/page/year: 112,348,1974 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,159,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ADTEAS Advances in Teratology. (New York, NY) V.1-5, 1966-72. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,239,1967 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84638 No. of Facilities: 537 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 3836 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84638 No. of Facilities: 478 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 10418 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7548 (estimated)