Neomycin sulfate

Neomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used for preventing or treating bacterial infections.

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Bacterial

Signaling Pathways >> Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >> Calcium Channel

Research Areas >> Infection

Neomycin inhibits thrombin-stimulated release of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), by selectively binding PIP2, but does not inhibit 32P incorporation into PI or initiation of DNA synthesis[1]. Neomycin (10 μM-1 mM) induces considerable release of [3H]arachidonic acid from phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in saponin-permeabilized human platelets prelabeled with [3H]arachidonic acid. Moreover, neomycin enhances arachidonic acid release induced by thrombin. Addition of neomycin (100 μM) to 45Ca2+-preloaded platelets elicits 45Ca2+ mobilizatioin from intracellular stores[2]. Neomycin (0-10 mM) inhibits guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate-stimulated PLD activity in digitonin-permeabilized NG108-15 cells in a concentration-dependent manner (50% inhibition at 100 μM). Neomycin similarly inhibits PLD activity present in rat brain membranes and assayed in vitro with [3H]phosphatidylcholine as substrate (50% inhibition at 65 μM)[3]. Neomycin (5 mM) causes reversible reductions in the level of intracellular Ca2+, but PtdIns(4,5)P2 is not required for the channel activity[4].

[1]. Carney, D.H., et al. Phosphoinositides in mitogenesis: neomycin inhibits thrombin-stimulated phosphoinositide turnover and initiation of cell proliferation. Cell, 1985. 42(2): p. 479-88.

[2]. Nakashima, S., et al. Neomycin is a potent agent for arachidonic acid release in human platelets. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1987. 146(2): p. 820-6.

[3]. Liscovitch, M., et al., Inhibition of neural phospholipase D activity by aminoglycoside antibiotics. Biochem J, 1991. 279 ( Pt 1): p. 319-21.

[4]. Huang K, et al. CRAC channel is inhibited by neomycin in a Ptdlns(4,5)P2-independent manner. Cell Biochem Funct. 2015 Mar;33(2):97-100.

Puromycin 2HCl | Geneticin | Tunicamycin | Hygromycin B | Salinomycin | Avibactam sodium | Nifedipine | Vaborbactam | Methicillin SodiuM | Rifampicin | Metronidazole | Carbenicillin disodium | Ceftazidime | Eravacycline dihydrochloride | Acetylcholine chloride

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

REFERENCE :

85DKA8 "Cutaneous Toxicity, Proceedings of the 3rd Conference, 1976," Drill, V.A., and P. Lazar, eds., New York, Academic Press, Inc. 1977 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,127,1977 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

12600 mg/kg/7D

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - anorexia (human)

REFERENCE :

ARSUAX Archives of Surgery (Chicago). (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1-61, 1920-50; V.81- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 111,822,1976

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,597,1962

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

>8 gm(base)/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

AACHAX Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (1961-70). (Ann Arbor, MI) 1961-70. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: -,138,1963

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

305 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

ANTCAO Antibiotics and Chemotherapy (Washington, DC). (Washington, DC) V.1-12, 1951-62. For publisher information, see CLMEA3. Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,198,1958

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

190 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

ANTBAL Antibiotiki. (Moscow, USSR) V.1-29, 1956-84. For publisher information, see AMBIEH. Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,444,1973

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

17400 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

AITEAT Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. (Ars Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.10- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,947,1962

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

142 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :

AIMDAP Archives of Internal Medicine. (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 119,493,1967

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intracerebral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

32 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,361,1965

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

>250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - change in acuity

REFERENCE :

TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,320,1975 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

280 mg/kg/7D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

REFERENCE :

CBPCEE Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology. (Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591) V.74- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 109,77,1994

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

560 mg/kg/7D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes

REFERENCE :

CBPCEE Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology. (Elsevier Science, 660 White Plains Rd., Tarrytown, NY 10591) V.74- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 109,77,1994

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

2 gm/kg/8D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - change in acuity Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - changes in cochlear structure or function Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :

TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,320,1975 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PMMDAE Panminerva Medica. (Edizioni Minerva Medica, Casella Postale 491, Turin, Italy) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,9,1974 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3700 No. of Facilities: 3566 (estimated) No. of Industries: 23 No. of Occupations: 33 No. of Employees: 180078 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 143663 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X9498 No. of Facilities: 1014 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 11 No. of Employees: 16279 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 12693 (estimated)