Geneticin

Names

[ Name ]:
Geneticin

[Synonym ]:
G418 disulfate
L-glycero-α-D-gluco-Heptopyranoside, (1R,2S,3S,4R,6S)-4,6-diamino-3-[[3-deoxy-4-C-methyl-3-(methylamino)-β-D-arabinopyranosyl]oxy]-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 2-amino-2,7-dideoxy-, sulfate (1:2) (salt)
G-418 sulfate
G 418 Sulfate,Cell Culture Tested
Antibiotic G418
(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-Diamino-3-({(5R)-2-amino-2-deoxy-5-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-α-D-xylopyranosyl}oxy)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 3-deoxy-4-C-methyl-3-(methylamino)-β-L-arabinopyranoside sulfate (1:2)
G 418 Sulfate,Sterile-Filtered Aqueous Solution,Cell Culture Tested
Geneticin
D-glycero-α-D-gluco-Heptopyranoside, (1R,2S,3S,4R,6S)-4,6-diamino-3-[[3-deoxy-4-C-methyl-3-(methylamino)-β-L-arabinopyranosyl]oxy]-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 2-amino-2,7-dideoxy-, sulfate (1:2) (salt)
MFCD00058314
G418Sulfate/Geneticin
G-418 Disulphate
(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-Diamino-3-({(5R)-2-amino-2-deoxy-5-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-α-D-xylopyranosyl}oxy)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 3-deoxy-4-C-methyl-3-(methylamino)-β-D-arabinopyranoside sulfate (1:2)
G418 disulfate salt
G 418 disulfate salt
G418 Sulfate
Geneticin Disulfate Salt
G-418 (disulfate)

Biological Activity

[Description]:

G-418 (disulfate) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic similar in structure to gentamicin B1, which blocks polypeptide synthesis by inhibiting the elongation step in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Bacterial

Research Areas >> Others

[In Vitro]

G418 is an inhibitor of many pro- and eukaryotes at concentrations from 1-300 microgram/mL. Resistance to G418 conferring by the neo gene from Tn5 encoding an aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase, APT 3' II is commonly used in laboratory research to select genetically engineered cells[1]. In general for bacteria and algae concentrations of 5 mg/L or less are used, for mammalian cells concentrations of approximately 400 mg/L are used for selection and 200 mg/L for maintenance. Resistant clones selection could require from 1 to up to 3 weeks[2].

[In Vivo]

G418 (40 and 80 mg/kg) for three consecutive days are sufficient to eliminate all nontransfected T. brucei brucei parasites from infected mice[3].

[Animal admin]

To characterize the sensitivity of the trypanosome populations to G418 in vivo, bloodstream forms of T. brucei brucei GUTat 3.1 and T. brucei brucei GUTat 3.1/BBR3 are expanded separately in sublethally irradiated mice. Prior to the first peak of parasitemia, trypanosomes are collected, and aliquots containing 106 trypanosomes are inoculated intraperitoneally into mice. Twenty-four hours following infection, the mice are divided into groups and treated with G418 at a dose of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, or 80 mg/kg of body weight (bw) by inoculating intraperitoneally 0.2 mL of the drug in sterile water. At 24 and 48 h following the firsttreatment, G418 is administered to animals in each group at the same dose as before, resulting in three treatments per mouse. Repeated drug treatments are necessary to ensure complete elimination of nontransfected GUTat 3.1 parasites from the mice. Mice are then monitored daily, for 33 days, for the presence of parasites by microscopic examination of wet-blood films. Animals found to be parasitemic are recorded and then removed from the experiment.

[References]

[1]. Davies J, et al. A new selective agent for eukaryotic cloning vectors. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1980 Sep;29(5 Suppl):1089-92.

[2]. Li Y, et al. Inhibitory effects of antisense RNA of HAb18G/CD147 on invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro. World J Gastroenterol. 2003 Oct;9(10):2174-7.

[3]. Murphy NB, et al. Use of an in vivo system to determine the G418 resistance phenotype of bloodstream-form Trypanosoma brucei brucei transfectants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 May;37(5):1167-70.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Boiling Point ]:
1012.1ºC at 760mmHg

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₂₀H₄₄N₄O₁₈S₂

[ Molecular Weight ]:
692.709

[ Flash Point ]:
565.9ºC

[ Exact Mass ]:
692.209229

[ PSA ]:
414.35000

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0mmHg at 25°C

[ Storage condition ]:
2-8°C

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS08

[ Signal Word ]:
Danger

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H317-H334

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P261-P280-P342 + P311

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xn:Harmful;

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R20/21/22

[ Safety Phrases ]:
22-24/25-36/37-23-36-26

[ RIDADR ]:
UN 2923 8/PG 3

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
WZ1797000

[ Packaging Group ]:
II

[ Hazard Class ]:
6.1

[ HS Code ]:
29173980

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 29173980

Articles

Soluble endoglin antagonizes Met signaling in spindle carcinoma cells.

Carcinogenesis 36(2) , 212-22, (2015)

Increased levels of soluble endoglin (Sol-Eng) correlate with poor outcome in human cancer. We have previously shown that shedding of membrane endoglin, and concomitant release of Sol-Eng is a late ev...

Novel siRNA delivery system using a ternary polymer complex with strong silencing effect and no cytotoxicity.

Biol. Pharm. Bull. 37(8) , 1274-81, (2014)

We developed a novel small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery system using a ternary complex with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA), which showed silencing effect and no cytotoxici...

Human olfactory bulb neural stem cells mitigate movement disorders in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

J. Cell Physiol. 230(7) , 1614-29, (2015)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by the loss of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent stem cells that are capable of differentia...