Formic Acid

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C-H2-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

46.03

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

VHQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Open irritation test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

2200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - sputum Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

7300 ug/m3/8H

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

2440 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Vascular - shock Blood - other hemolysis with or without anemia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

15 gm/m3/15M

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :

LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

6200 mg/m3/15M

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

940 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

145 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

4 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

239 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

22680 mg/kg/9W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - food intake (animal) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

500 ppm/6H/12D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

64 ppm/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Liver - changes in liver weight Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

50 mg/m3/16W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Liver - liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - proteinuria

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

500 ppm/6H/12D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

64 ppm/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :

Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Ovary

REFERENCE :

MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 240,195,1990 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 19 mg/m3 (10 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 9.4 mg/m3 (5 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,517,1959 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,299,1978 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,119,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 ppm (9.4 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (18 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:STEL 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 5 mg/m3;STEL 8 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 5 ppm (9.4 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 5 ppm;STEL 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (18 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 ppm (9 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO FORMIC ACID-air:10H TWA 5 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 33720 No. of Facilities: 3537 (estimated) No. of Industries: 59 No. of Occupations: 48 No. of Employees: 34087 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 33720 No. of Facilities: 6368 (estimated) No. of Industries: 95 No. of Occupations: 77 No. of Employees: 158933 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 37338 (estimated)