sucrose

Sucrose is a disaccharide which is composed of two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose.

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

Research Areas >> Metabolic Disease

Natural Products >> Saccharides and Glycosides

Sucrose is a disaccharide which is composed of two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose. Compare to chow-feeding, high-energy (HE)-feeding results in an overall decreased preference for Sucrose solutions in both strains. Specifically, obesity-prone (OP) rats prefer 0.3 M and 1.0 M Sucrose solutions less during HE-feeding relative to chow-feeding (P=0.046 and P=0.012, respectively). As well, obesity-resistant (OR) rats exhibit decreased preferences for 0.01 M, 0.03 M, and 1.0 M Sucrose when HE-fed compare to chow-fed counterparts (P<0.0001, P=0.043, and P=0.013, respectively). Chow-fed OP rats consume significantly less of 0.03 and 0.1 M Sucrose solutions relative to OR animals (P<0.0001, for both) while HE-fed OP rats consume less of a 0.1 M Sucrose solution only (P<0.05), compare to HE-fed OR rats[1].

A total of 66 male 8-wk-old Sprague-Dawley obesity-prone (OP) and obesity-resistant (OR) rats (n = 38 per each phenotype), weighing 275 g and 210 g respectively, are used in this study. After recovery and attaining pre-surgical weights, rats undergo three training trials of 60-min sham feeding sessions with 0.03 M Sucrose solution. During testing, rats are briefly deprived of water (0900 to 1600 h) but not food, and are tested for 1 h (1400 to1500 h) sham intake of 0.03 M Sucrose solution until a stable baseline is achieved. Afterwards, rats are sham fed one of three Sucrose solutions (0.03, 0.3, and 1.0 M) in random order, every other day, with each concentration tested at least twice. Sucrose intake is individually recorded every 5 min for 60 min[1].

[1]. Duca FA, et al. Effect of diet on preference and intake of sucrose in obese prone and resistant rats. PLoS One. 2014 Oct 20;9(10):e111232.

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MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C12-H22-O11

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

342.34

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

T6OTJ CQ DQ EQ F1Q BO- BT5OTJ B1Q CQ DQ E1Q -GLU,FRUC

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

29700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

14000 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - domestic

DOSE/DURATION :

40 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1548 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 21 day(s) pre-mating female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

683 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - hepatobiliary system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

683 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :

lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

54810 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 15-35 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Ovary

REFERENCE :

MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 189,15,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD:NUISANCE PARTICULATES DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,28,1973 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO SUCROSE, respirable fraction-air:10H TWA 5 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO SUCROSE, total dust-air:10H TWA 10 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81515 No. of Facilities: 12044 (estimated) No. of Industries: 101 No. of Occupations: 86 No. of Employees: 121005 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81515 No. of Facilities: 15179 (estimated) No. of Industries: 108 No. of Occupations: 110 No. of Employees: 368912 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 169962 (estimated)