L-Carnitine inner salt

Names

[ CAS No. ]:
541-15-1

[ Name ]:
L-Carnitine inner salt

[Synonym ]:
L-(-)-Carnitine
karnitin
ST 198
EINECS 208-768-0
3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium Hydroxide Inner Salt
Carnitrine
USPorFCC
(R)-Carnitine
Ammonium, (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, L-
L-CARNITIN
3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate
g-Trimethylammonium-b-hydroxybutirate
CAR-OH
Vitamin BT
Monocamin
1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt
(-)-Carnitine
Carnitene
DL-Carnitine
(-)-(R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate
carnitine (L-form)
(R)-3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium hydroxide inner salt
γ-Trimethyl-β-hydroxybutyrobetaine
Carnitine, (-)-
1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt, (2R)-
(R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate
(-)-L-Carnitin
L(-)-Carnitine
Carnitine, L-
3-Hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoate
UNII:S7UI8SM58A
(L-3-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt
Carnitine DL-form
L-Carnitine
BICARNESINE
Cardiogen
4-Copab
L-Carnitine inner salt
g-Trimethyl-b-hydroxybutyrobetaine
(3R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate
Levocarnitine
g-Amino-b-hydroxybutyric Acid Trimethylbetaine
MFCD00038747
(−)-(R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate
D,L-carnitine
(±)-carnitine
Carniking
carnitine
Carnitor

Biological Activity

[Description]:

L-carnitine is constituent of striated muscle and liver. It is used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias.Target: OthersL-Carnitine is an endogenous molecule involved in fatty acid metabolism, biosynthesized within the human body using amino acids: L-lysine and L-methionine, as substrates. L-Carnitine can also be found in many foods, but red meats, such as beef and lamb, are the best choices for adding carnitine into the diet [1]. Administering L-carnitine (510 mg/day) to patients with the disease. L-carnitine treatment significantly improved the total time for dozing off during the daytime, calculated from the sleep logs, compared with that of placebo-treated periods. L-carnitine efficiently increased serum acylcarnitine levels, and reduced serum triglycerides concentration [2]. L-carnitine and its derivatives show promise in the treatment of chronic conditions and diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction but further translational studies are needed to fully explore their potential [3].

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Metabolic Disease

Natural Products >> Others

[Target]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[References]

[1]. Marcovina, S.M., et al., Translating the basic knowledge of mitochondrial functions to metabolic therapy: role of L-carnitine. Transl Res, 2013. 161(2): p. 73-84.

[2]. Pekala, J., et al., L-carnitine--metabolic functions and meaning in humans life. Curr Drug Metab, 2011. 12(7): p. 667-78.

[3]. Miyagawa, T., et al., Effects of oral L-carnitine administration in narcolepsy patients: a randomized, double-blind, cross-over and placebo-controlled trial. PLoS One, 2013. 8(1): p. e53707.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Melting Point ]:
197-212 °C(lit.)

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₇H₁₅NO₃

[ Molecular Weight ]:
161.199

[ Exact Mass ]:
161.105194

[ PSA ]:
60.36000

[ LogP ]:
-4.52

[ Index of Refraction ]:
-32 ° (C=1, H2O)

[ Storage condition ]:
2-8°C

[ Water Solubility ]:
2500 g/L (20 ºC)

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: BP2980000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Ammonium, (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, L-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 541-15-1

LAST UPDATED :: 199107

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 2

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C7-H15-N-O3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 161.23

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: OV1YQ1K1&1&1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 9 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :: ABMGAJ Acta Biologica et Medica Germanica. (Berlin, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1-41, 1958-82. For publisher information, see BBIADT. Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,645,1976

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 7 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: CTRRDO Cancer Treatment Reports. (Washington, DC) V.60-71, 1976-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,558,1979

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin .

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S26-S36-S37/39

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
BP2980000

[ HS Code ]:
29239000

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 29239000

Articles

Metabolic and tissue-specific regulation of acyl-CoA metabolism.

PLoS ONE 10(3) , e0116587, (2015)

Acyl-CoA formation initiates cellular fatty acid metabolism. Acyl-CoAs are generated by the ligation of a fatty acid to Coenzyme A mediated by a large family of acyl-CoA synthetases (ACS). Conversely,...

Beneficial effect of butyrate, Lactobacillus casei and L-carnitine combination in preference to each in experimental colitis.

World J. Gastroenterol. 20(31) , 10876-85, (2014)

To investigate the beneficial effect of the combination of butyrate, Lactobacillus casei, and L-carnitine in a rat colitis model.Rats were divided into seven groups. Four groups received oral butyrate...

Pregnancy and lactation alter biomarkers of biotin metabolism in women consuming a controlled diet.

J. Nutr. 144(12) , 1977-84, (2014)

Biotin functions as a cofactor for several carboxylase enzymes with key roles in metabolism. At present, the dietary requirement for biotin is unknown and intake recommendations are provided as Adequa...

Related Compounds

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