Monomethyl auristatin E

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) is a synthetic derivative of dolastatin 10 and functions as a potent mitotic inhibitor by inhibiting tubulin polymerization. MMAE is widely used as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to treat several different cancer types.

Signaling Pathways >> Antibody-drug Conjugate >> ADC Cytotoxin

Signaling Pathways >> Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >> Microtubule/Tubulin

Signaling Pathways >> Cytoskeleton >> Microtubule/Tubulin

Research Areas >> Cancer

Microtubule[1]

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) is efficiently released from SGN-35 within CD30+ cancer cells and, due to its membrane permeability, is able to exert cytotoxic activity on bystander cells[1]. MMAE sensitizes colorectal and pancreatic cancer cells to IR in a schedule and dose dependent manner correlating with mitotic arrest. Radiosensitization is evidenced by decreased clonogenic survival and increased DNA double strand breaks in irradiated cells[2].

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) in combination with IR results in tumor growth delay, tumor-targeted ACPP-cRGD-MMAE with IR produces a more robust and significantly prolongs tumor regression in xenograft models[2].

Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE, 5 nM) and ionizing radiation (IR) treated cells are harvested and lysed in RIPA buffer with protease and phosphatase inhibitors. Thirty μg of lysate undergo electrophoresis using 4-12% Bis-Tris gels, transferred to PVDF membranes and incubated with indicated primary antibodies. Blots are developed by ECL.

Mice[2] 6-8 week old female athymic nu/nu mice are injected subcutaneously into thighs with 5×106 HCT-116 or PANC-1 cells in a 1:1 Matrigel and PBS solution. Mice are treated with IR or intravenous (IV) injection of ACPP-cRGD-MMAE (6 nmoles/day, 18 nmoles total, i.v.), tumor tissue is harvested, formalin fixed and paraffin embedded followed by staining with indicated antibodies. The primary antibody is used at a 1:250 dilution and is visualized using DAB as a chromagen with the UltraMap system.

[1]. Okeley, et al. Intracellular Activation of SGN-35, a Potent Anti-CD30 Antibody-Drug Conjugate. Clinical Cancer Research (2010), 16(3), 888-897.

[2]. Lisa Buckel, et al. Tumor radiosensitization by monomethyl auristatin E: mechanism of action and targeted delivery. Cancer Res. 2015 Apr 1;75(7):1376-87.

alpha-Amanitin | Nocodazole | VcMMAE | Mertansine | Campathecin | Calicheamicin | Eribulin mesylate | D8-MMAE | Daun02 | Epothilone D | Vinorelbine (ditartrate) | epothilone B | McMMAF | MMAF (Hydrochloride) | Ixabepilone