81486-22-8

• 常用中文名：尼普地洛
• 常用英文名：Nipradilol
• CAS号：81486-22-8
• 分子式：C₁₅H₂₂N₂O₆
• 分子量：326.345
• 相关类别： 信号通路 G 蛋白偶联受体/G 蛋白 肾上腺素能受体
• 发布时间：2018-02-13 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-10 21:21:01
• 尼普拉洛尔(KT-210；K-351)是一种强效的α-1-肾上腺素能受体阻断剂。尼泊洛尔抑制了苯肾上腺素(HY-B0769)诱导的白化兔模型中的眼内压(IOP)升高。尼普拉多抑制去甲肾上腺素(NA)诱导的肌肉收缩,同时对狗冠状动脉也表现出血管舒张作用[1][2]。

名称

• 中文名: 尼普地洛
• 英文名: [8-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl] nitrate
• 英文别名: nipradilol(jan); 8-[2-Hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy]-3-chromanol 3-Nitrate; Nipradolol; Nipradilol (JAN); Nipradilol; 3,4-dihydro-8-(2'-hydroxy-3'-isopropylamino)propoxy-3-nitroxy-2H-1-benzopyran; 2H-1-Benzopyran-3-ol, 3,4-dihydro-8-[2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]-, 3-nitrate; Hypadil; 8-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl nitrate; K-351; 3,4-Dihydro-8-[2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy]-2H-1-benzopyran-3-ol 3-Nitrate; 8-[2-Hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl nitrate; Nipradilolum [Latin]

物化性质

• 密度: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 500.0±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: 110-122ºC
• 分子式: C₁₅H₂₂N₂O₆
• 分子量: 326.345
• 闪点: 256.2±28.7 °C
• 精确质量: 326.147797
• PSA: 105.77000
• LogP: 1.97
• 外观性状: 无色针状晶体
• 蒸汽压: 0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.561
• 分子结构:

  1、 摩尔折射率：82.75

  2、 摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：255.4

  3、 等张比容（90.2K）：690.1

  4、 表面张力（dyne/cm）：53.3

  5、 极化率（10-24cm3）：32.80

• 计算化学:

  1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:2

  2.氢键供体数量:2

  3.氢键受体数量:7

  4.可旋转化学键数量:7

  5.互变异构体数量:无

  6.拓扑分子极性表面积106

  7.重原子数量:23

  8.表面电荷:0

  9.复杂度:376

  10.同位素原子数量:0

  11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

  12.不确定原子立构中心数量:2

  13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  15.共价键单元数量:1

• 更多:

  1.性状：无色针状结晶。

  2.熔点：107～116℃；110～122℃。

生物活性

• 描述: 尼普拉洛尔(KT-210；K-351)是一种强效的α-1-肾上腺素能受体阻断剂。尼泊洛尔抑制了苯肾上腺素(HY-B0769)诱导的白化兔模型中的眼内压(IOP)升高。尼普拉多抑制去甲肾上腺素(NA)诱导的肌肉收缩,同时对狗冠状动脉也表现出血管舒张作用[1][2]。
• 相关类别:
  研究领域 >> 心血管疾病
  信号通路 >> G 蛋白偶联受体/G 蛋白 >> 肾上腺素能受体
• 靶点:

  α1-adrenergic receptor

• 体外研究: 尼普拉洛尔(1μM；10分钟) 抑制钾诱导的犬肌肉收缩,第50页值为 0.8μM[1]尼普拉洛尔(1μM；10分钟) 降低静息张力,抑制近端区钠诱导的收缩[1]。
• 体内研究: 尼普拉洛尔(0.125%、0.25%、0.5%；静脉注射; 单剂量) 以浓度依赖的方式抑制兔眼眼压的增加[2]。
• 参考文献:

  [1]. 3,4-dihydro-8-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropoxy)-3-nitroxy-2H-1-benzopyran (K-351) and its denitrated derivative on smooth muscle cells of the dog coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol. 1983 May;79(1):285-95.

  [2]. Nishio K. Alpha-1-adrenoceptor blocking activity of KT-210 (nipradilol ophthalmic solution) on intraocular pressure in the rabbit eye[J]. Nihon Ganka Kiyo (Folia Ophthalmol Jpn), 1999, 50: 655-660.

毒性和生态

毒理学数据: 急性毒性LD50小鼠，大鼠(mg/kg)；74.0，73.0静脉注射。急性毒性LD50小鼠(mg/kg)：540口服。 CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : DJ2887000 CHEMICAL NAME : 2H-1-Benzopyran-3-ol, 3,4-dihydro-8-(2-hydroxy-3-((1-methylethyl)amino)prop oxy)-, 3-nitrate CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 81486-22-8 LAST UPDATED : 199612 DATA ITEMS CITED : 20 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C15-H22-N2-O6 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 326.39 HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1040 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 144 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 850 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 78 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 461 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 147 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 416 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 68 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : >400 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,725,1985 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,228,1989 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 5250 mg/kg/5W-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,733,1985 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 93600 mg/kg/52W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - normocytic anemia Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,221,1985 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 5400 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 17-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,1,1985 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 4400 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7-17 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth) REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,747,1985 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 2200 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7-17 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,747,1985 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 550 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7-17 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,747,1985 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 2700 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 17-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,1,1985 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 260 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-18 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death REFERENCE : OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,747,1985

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制备

消旋体的制备。1.82g2-烯丙基-6-甲氧基苯基乙酸酯溶于20ml二氯甲烷，加入3.0ml40%(W/V)过氧乙酸溶液和0.18g乙酸钾，在室温下搅拌48h。将反应液加到100ml氯仿和50ml5%亚硫酸钠水溶液中。分出有机层，水洗，无水硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩得1.74g淡黄色粘稠液体的化合物(Ⅰ)，收率88.7%。

1.74g化合物(Ⅰ)溶于10ml乙醚，在0℃加入5.0ml20%(W/V)氯化氢的乙醚溶液，在室温下搅拌12h。加入100ml乙醚，用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液中和。分出醚层，水洗，无水硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩得1.83g淡黄色粘稠液体的化合物(Ⅱ)，收率90.4%。

1.82g化合物(Ⅱ)溶于10ml二甲基甲酰胺，加入1.26g碳酸钾，在室温下搅拌2h后，加入50ml水和100ml苯。分出有机层，水洗，无水硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩得1.53g淡黄色粘稠液体的化合物(Ⅲ)。

1.53g化合物(Ⅲ)溶于30ml甲醇，加入10ml1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液。在室温下搅拌1h后，加入12ml1mol/L盐酸。减压浓缩，剩余物用30ml苯提取。提取液水洗，无水硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩得到的棕色粘稠油用苯-己烷重结晶，得0.66g无色棱状结晶的化合物c，收率52.1%，熔点79～82℃。

1.50g化合物1mol/L加到8.60g47%氢溴酸中，在90℃下搅拌9h。冷至室温，用氢氧化钠水溶液调至弱酸性后，用30ml乙酸乙酯提取。提取液用饱和盐水洗，无水硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩，丙酮结晶得棕色固体。再用乙酮和己烷重结晶，得1.23g无色针状结晶的化合物(Ⅴ)，收率88.9%，熔点126～129℃。

20mmol化合物(Ⅴ)和23mmol三乙胺溶于20ml四氢呋喃，在0～5℃加入23mmol氯甲酸乙酯(或三氯乙酰氯)溶于35ml四氢呋喃的溶液，再搅拌0.5h。过滤，滤液减压浓缩。剩余物(4.85g)溶于80ml乙腈，冷至-8～－10℃，加入乙酰硝酸酯(从2.22g乙酸酐和1.36g发烟硝酸制得)，在此温度再搅拌0.5h。再在-8℃加入另一份乙酰硝酸酯(从1.36g乙酸酐和0.85g发烟硝酸制得)，继续搅拌0.5h。加入碳酸氢钠以终止反应，用180ml乙酸乙酯提取。提取液用碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和盐水洗，干燥，浓缩至干。剩余物棕色油溶于10ml甲醇和0.93g氢氧化钠溶于5ml水的混合溶液，在室温下搅拌0.5h。用浓盐酸酸化后，减压蒸去甲醇，用60ml乙酸乙酯提取。提取液用饱和盐水洗，干燥，浓缩至干。剩余的深棕色油用硅胶柱层析，用苯洗脱。得到的固体再用苯和己烷结晶，得无色结晶的化合物(Ⅵ)，收率65%，熔点101～103℃。

4mmol化合物(Ⅵ)溶于15ml1mol/L氢氧化钠，加入16mmol环氧氯丙烷，在50℃下搅拌2h。加入30ml乙酸乙酯。分出有机层，用10ml1mol/L氢氧化钠溶液和10ml饱和盐水洗，干燥，浓缩至干。得到的油状物无需提纯，可直接用于下列反应。取4mmol该油溶于30ml甲醇，加入20mmol异丙胺，在70℃下加热1h。浓缩至干，剩余油状物用三氧化二铝柱层析，氯仿洗脱。得到的固体用乙酸乙酯和己烷结晶，得尼普地洛，收率61%，熔点110～122℃。