22083-74-5

• 常用中文名：(+/-)-尼古丁
• 常用英文名：(±)-nicotine
• CAS号：22083-74-5
• 分子式：C₁₀H₁₄N₂
• 分子量：162.232
• 相关类别： 生物化工 中草药成分
• 发布时间：2018-07-12 20:38:52
• 更新时间：2025-08-20 13:31:15
• 【用途一】
  用于生化研究及园艺杀虫剂。

名称

• 中文名: (+/-)-尼古丁
• 英文名: nicotine
• 中文别名: (+/-)-烟碱
• 英文别名: vrzjvuppqwdfac-yhyxmxqvsa; (R,S)-nicotine; (RS)-nicotine; 3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine; fdhr; 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-Pyridine; 1-Methyl-2-(3-pyridyl)pyrrolidine; MFCD00065370; (+/-)-nicotine; Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-; Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)- (9CI); (±)-3-(1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine; DL-Nicotine; (±)-nicotine; 3-(1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine; Nicotine

物化性质

• 密度: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 244.4±28.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: -79ºC
• 分子式: C₁₀H₁₄N₂
• 分子量: 162.232
• 闪点: 101.7±0.0 °C
• 精确质量: 162.115692
• PSA: 16.13000
• LogP: 0.72
• 外观性状: liquid | yellow
• 蒸汽压: 0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.539
• 储存条件: Refrigerator
• 水溶解性: ethanol: 50 mg/mL

毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : QS5257500 CHEMICAL NAME : Nicotine, (+-)- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 22083-74-5 BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 0082111 LAST UPDATED : 199612 DATA ITEMS CITED : 4 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C10-H14-N2 HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 31250 ug/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,93,1934 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 25 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,93,1934 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,93,1934 TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 15 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,93,1934

安全

• 符号: GHS06, GHS09
• 信号词: Danger
• 危害声明: H301-H310-H411
• 警示性声明: P273-P280-P301 + P310-P302 + P350-P310
• 个人防护装备: Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
• 危害码 (欧洲): T+: Very toxic;N: Dangerous for the environment;
• 风险声明 (欧洲): 25-27-51/53
• 安全声明 (欧洲): 36/37-45-61
• 危险品运输编码: UN 1654 6.1/PG 2
• WGK德国: 3
• RTECS号: QS5257500

合成路线

上下游产品

上游产品  8
50-00-0 5746-86-1 64-18-6 25162-00-9
125630-28-6 74-89-5 76014-80-7 180407-32-3
下游产品  9
74-89-5 487-19-4 120-94-5 54-11-5
25162-00-9 532-12-7 15569-85-4 89100-79-8
5746-86-1

制备

【方法一】
将烟叶和石灰石一起蒸馏后，再以乙醚萃取而得。