79-57-2

• 常用中文名：土霉素
• 常用英文名：Oxytetracycline
• CAS号：79-57-2
• 分子式：C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₉
• 分子量：460.434
• 相关类别： 原料药 抗生素类药物 四环素类药
• 发布时间：2018-02-06 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-01 22:24:05
• Oxytetracycline是四环素类似物,分离自放线菌链霉菌。

名称

• 中文名: 土霉素
• 英文名: oxytetracycline
• 中文别名: 土霉素碱
• 英文别名: adamycin; la200; (2Z,4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-2-[Amino(hydroxy)methylene]-4-(dimethylamino)-5,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-4a,5a,6,12a-tetrahydro-1,3,12(2H,4H,5H)-tetracenetrione; (2Z,4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-2-[Amino(hydroxy)methylene]-4-(dimethylamino)-5,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-4a,5a,6,12a-tetrahydrotetracene-1,3,12(2H,4H,5H)-trione; geotilin; (4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,6,10,12,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide; terramycin dehydrate; tetran; macocyn; EINECS 201-212-8; Oxypan; Oxytetracycline; (4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-4-(dimethylamino)-3,5,6,10,12,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide; oxypam; Oxydon; 1,3,12(2H,4H,5H)-Naphthacenetrione, 2-(aminohydroxymethylene)-4-(dimethylamino)-4a,5a,6,12a-tetrahydro-5,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-, (2Z,4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-; terramicin; (4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6S,12aS)-4-dimethylamino-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,6,10,12,12a-hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxonaphthacene-2-carboxamide; MFCD00003700; oxytetracyline; Oxytetracyclin; tarosin; biostat; terramycin

物化性质

• 密度: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 727.8±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: 183 °C
• 分子式: C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₉
• 分子量: 460.434
• 闪点: 394.0±32.9 °C
• 精确质量: 460.148193
• PSA: 201.85000
• LogP: 0.56
• 外观性状: 淡黄色至黄褐色的,结晶粉末
• 蒸汽压: 0.0±2.5 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.762
• 储存条件:

  储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。保持容器密封。应与氧化剂、酸类、碱类等分开存放，切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。

• 稳定性:

  与强氧化剂、强碱、强酸、胺类、铜反应。

• 水溶解性: 0.2 g/L
• 计算化学:

  1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

  2.氢键供体数量:7

  3.氢键受体数量:10

  4.可旋转化学键数量:2

  5.互变异构体数量:168

  6.拓扑分子极性表面积202

  7.重原子数量:33

  8.表面电荷:0

  9.复杂度:1000

  10.同位素原子数量:0

  11.确定原子立构中心数量:6

  12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

  13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  15.共价键单元数量:1

• 更多:

  1. 性状：无色液体

  2. 密度（g/mL,25℃）0.992

  3. 相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：3.06

  4. 熔点（ºC）：-93

  5. 沸点（ºC,常压）：120

  6. 沸点（ºC,0.3mmHg）：未确定

  7. 折射率(n20/D)：1.394（lit.）

  8. 闪点（ºC）：24

  9. 比旋光度（º）：未确定

  10. 自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：425

  11. 蒸气压（mmHg,40ºC）：未确定

  12. 饱和蒸气压（kPa,15.8ºC）：1.33

  13. 燃烧热（KJ/mol）：1788.6

  14. 临界温度（ºC）：344.7

  15. 临界压力（KPa）：未确定

  16. 油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：未确定

  17. 爆炸上限（%,V/V）：11.0

  18. 爆炸下限（%,V/V）：2.2

  19. 溶解性：微溶于水，，溶于醇、醚

生物活性

• 描述: Oxytetracycline是四环素类似物,分离自放线菌链霉菌。
• 相关类别:
  信号通路 >> 抗感染 >> 细菌
  研究领域 >> 感染
  天然产物 >> 其他
• 参考文献:

  [1]. Elia, A.C., et al., Transferability of oxytetracycline (OTC) from feed to carp muscle and evaluation of the antibiotic effects on antioxidant systems in liver and kidney. Fish Physiol Biochem, 2014.

  [2]. An, W., et al., Adsorptive removal of trace oxytetracycline from water by acid-modified zeolite: influencing factors. Water Sci Technol, 2013. 68(11): p. 2473-8.

MSDS

Name: Oxytetracycline Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym: Hydrocyclin; Tetramine; Tetran Hydrochloride; Tetramycin Hydrochloride CAS: 79-57-2 Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Oxytetracycline Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym:Hydrocyclin; Tetramine; Tetran Hydrochloride; Tetramycin Hydrochloride Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS# 79-57-2 Oxytetracycline 100 201-212-8 Hazard Symbols: XN Risk Phrases: 63 Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.Light sensitive. Potential Health Effects Eye: May cause eye irritation and possible burns. Skin: May cause skin irritation. Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause an anticoagulant effect in the blood. Inhalation: Dust is irritating to the respiratory tract. May cause respiratory tract irritation. Chronic: May cause reproductive and fetal effects. Chronic exposure may cause blood effects. Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. Skin: Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Ingestion: Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Notes to Physician: Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Substance is noncombustible. Vapors may be heavier than air. They can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. Extinguishing Media: In case of fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam. Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well-ventilated area. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Store protected from light. Storage: Store in a cool, dry place. Do not store in direct sunlight. Keep from freezing. Keep container closed when not in use. Store below 40C. Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION Engineering Controls: Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits. Use process enclosure, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to control airborne levels. Exposure Limits CAS# 79-57-2: Russia: 0.1 mg/m3 TWA Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin. Respirators: Wear a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved full-facepiece airline respirator in the positive pressure mode with emergency escape provisions. A NIOSH/MSHA approved air purifying dust or mist respirator or European Standard EN 149. Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Physical State: Crystalline powder Color: pale yellow to tan Odor: None reported. pH: 6.5 approx. Vapor Pressure: Negligible. Viscosity: Negligible. Boiling Point: Decomposes Freezing/Melting Point: 183 deg C dec Autoignition Temperature: Not available. Flash Point: Not available. Explosion Limits, lower: N/A Explosion Limits, upper: N/A Decomposition Temperature: > 183 deg C Solubility in water: Slightly soluble. Specific Gravity/Density: 1.634@ 20C Molecular Formula: C22H24N2O9 Molecular Weight: 460.39 Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Darkens and decomposes on exposure to light. Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, light, acids, strong oxidants. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Acidic conditions, strong oxidizing agents. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, nitrogen. Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported. Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION RTECS#: CAS# 79-57-2: QI7875000 LD50/LC50: CAS# 79-57-2: Oral, mouse: LD50 = 2240 mg/kg; Oral, mouse: LD50 = 5706 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 4800 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 5063 mg/kg. Carcinogenicity: Oxytetracycline - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP. Other: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information. Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations. Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION IATA Not regulated as a hazardous material. IMO Not regulated as a hazardous material. RID/ADR Not regulated as a hazardous material. Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION European/International Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives Hazard Symbols: XN Risk Phrases: R 63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. Safety Phrases: S 36/37 Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). WGK (Water Danger/Protection) CAS# 79-57-2: No information available. Canada CAS# 79-57-2 is listed on Canada's DSL List. CAS# 79-57-2 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List. US FEDERAL TSCA CAS# 79-57-2 is listed on the TSCA inventory. SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION N/A

毒性和生态

毒理学数据: 1、急性毒性：大鼠经口LD50：720mg/kg；大鼠经吸入LC50：1456mg/m^3/6H； CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : QI7875000 CHEMICAL NAME : 2-Naphthacenecarboxamide, 4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5, 6,10,12,12a- hexahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-, (4S-(4-alpha,4a-alpha,5-alpha,5a-alpha,6-beta,12a-alp ha))- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 79-57-2 BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 2714587 LAST UPDATED : 199707 DATA ITEMS CITED : 28 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C22-H24-N2-O9 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 460.48 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : L E6 C666 BV FV CU GUTTT&J DQ EQ GVZ HQ IN1&1 KQ MQ M1 RQ HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man DOSE/DURATION : 114 mg/kg/4D TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - hemorrhage Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - infant DOSE/DURATION : 136 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Musculoskeletal - changes in teeth and supporting structures TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 4800 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 260 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 2240 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 5706 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 700 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 140 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 220 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - food intake (animal) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 2250 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 6 gm/kg/30D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Gastrointestinal - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Immunological Including Allergic - decreased immune response TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 160 mg/kg/12D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic - hypersensitivity delayed TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported DOSE : 420 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 1-39 week(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous DOSE : 1 gm/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-10 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous DOSE : 1 gm/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-10 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous DOSE : 800 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 10-14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral DOSE : 800 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 12-14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular DOSE : 643 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 18-48 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular DOSE : 643 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 18-48 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - gastrointestinal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular DOSE : 789 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 10-28 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) MUTATION DATA TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 80 mg/kg/8D REFERENCE : JOURAA Journal of Urology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1917- Volume(issue)/page/year: 112,348,1974 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,159,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ADTEAS Advances in Teratology. (New York, NY) V.1-5, 1966-72. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,239,1967 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84638 No. of Facilities: 537 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 3836 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84638 No. of Facilities: 478 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 10418 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7548 (estimated)

安全

• 个人防护装备: Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter
• 危害码 (欧洲): Xn:Harmful
• 风险声明 (欧洲): R36;R63
• 安全声明 (欧洲): S22-S24/25-S36/37/39-S26
• 危险品运输编码: NONH for all modes of transport
• WGK德国: 2
• RTECS号: QI7875000

上下游产品

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75-58-1 78796-73-3 78796-72-2 2602-31-5

制备

1.由丙烷经硝化而得。先将丙烷放在预热器内于430-450℃进行预热，然后引入内衬玻璃或二氧化硅的反应塔内。反应塔有几处可向内部丙烷气喷注75%硝酸，反应温度调节到390-440℃，压力0.69-0.86MPa，丙烷与硝酸的摩尔比为5：1，由反应塔出来的气体，经冷凝器冷却，硝基丙烷与稀硝酸即凝缩。而丙烷与气态氧化物则由回收塔回收，丙烷循环使用。所得产品为硝基甲烷10%-30%，硝基乙烷20%-25%，1-硝基丙烷25%，2-硝基丙烷40%。该品也可经丙烯硝化得到。2.由丙烯等不饱和烃经气相或液相硝化，或饱和烃液相硝化亦可制得硝基丙烷。

1.由龟裂链霉菌发酵产生，在发酵液中加入碳酸钙，经过滤，将固体干燥而得。