去甲肾上腺素

去甲肾上腺素用途

Norepinephrine是作用于α-肾上腺素能受体 (alpha-adrenergic receptors) 的外周血管收缩剂。

去甲肾上腺素作用

早期研究证明精神分裂症患者缺少目标导向性的行为可能与他们皮质去甲肾上腺素系统的功能缺损有关。
去甲肾上腺素在学习和记忆中的作用也一直模糊不清并存在很大的争议。
一个为时甚久的假设认为肾上腺素神经系统介导情感事件中的加强记忆巩固部分。
研究人员用老鼠条件缺失去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素的突变体以及把用拮抗物药和增效剂处理肾上腺素受体的大鼠和小鼠作为对照，在几个学习任务中检测了这个假设。
发现肾上腺素信号对修复中期前后关系和空间记忆是至关重要的，但对一般情感记忆的修复或巩固并不是必需的。去甲肾上腺素在修复中的作用需要通过海马中的β-肾上腺素受体发出信号。
这些结果证明记忆修复的机制能使记忆结束时间多样化并能与记忆获得或巩固的那些机理有所不同。
这些发现可能与几种精神病紊乱和用受体阻滞剂治疗心脏失败的症状有相关联系。

去甲肾上腺素名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
51-41-2

[ 中文名 ]:
去甲肾上腺素

[ 英文名 ]:
Norepinephrine

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

(−)-Norepinephrine
(-)-NORADRENALINE
4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyéthyl]benzène-1,2-diol
L-NOREPINEPHRINE
4-((R)-2-Amino-1-hydroxy-ethyl)-benzene-1,2-diol
1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-
EINECS 205-750-4
(R)-4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-benzenediol
norepinephrinum [INN_la]
noradrenaline

去甲肾上腺素生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Norepinephrine是作用于α-肾上腺素能受体 (alpha-adrenergic receptors) 的外周血管收缩剂。

[ 相关类别 ]:

天然产物 >> 其他

研究领域 >> 其他

[ 靶点 ]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[参考文献]

[1]. Myburgh J, et al. Norepinephrine: more of a neurohormone than a vasopressor. Crit Care. 2010;14(5):196.

[相关活性小分子]

去甲肾上腺素物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.4±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
442.6±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
220-230°C

[ 分子式 ]:
C₈H₁₁NO₃

[ 分子量 ]:
169.178

[ 闪点 ]:
221.5±27.3 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
169.073898

[ PSA ]:
86.71000

[ LogP ]:
-0.88

[ 外观性状 ]:
结晶

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.659

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable, but may be light-sensitive. Incompatible with acids, bases, oxidizing agents. Store at -20C.

去甲肾上腺素MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

去甲肾上腺素毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: DN5950000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Benzyl alcohol, alpha-(aminomethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-, (-)-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 51-41-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199612

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 18

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C8-H11-N-O3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 169.20

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: Z1YQR CQ DQ -L

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - muscle weakness Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 20 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 6 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 550 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 250 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 8 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 60 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - uterus, cervix, vagina

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

DOSE :: 16 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 10 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 63 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects Vascular - measurement of regional blood flow Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

DOSE :: 2 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - hepatobiliary system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

DOSE :: 2 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA inhibition

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - mouse Cells - not otherwise specified

DOSE/DURATION :: 5800 nmol/L

REFERENCE :: CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,1414,1980 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - A1103 No. of Facilities: 43 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 85 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - A1103 No. of Facilities: 68 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 613 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 175 (estimated)

去甲肾上腺素安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS06

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H300-H310-H330

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P260-P264-P280-P284-P302 + P350-P310

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T+:Verytoxic;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R26/27/28

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S28-S36/37-S45

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2811 6.1/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
DN5950000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2922509090

去甲肾上腺素合成路线

详细合成路线

去甲肾上腺素上下游产品

去甲肾上腺素上游产品

去甲肾上腺素下游产品

去甲肾上腺素制备

可由邻苯二酚与氯乙酰氯制成3，4-二羟基-2-氯代苯乙酮后再与氨或乌洛托品作用而制得。

去甲肾上腺素海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2922509090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2922509090. 其他氨基醇酚、氨基酸酚及其他含氧基氨基化合物. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件：AB. 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 乙醇胺及其盐应报明色度, 乙醇胺及其盐应报明包装

[ 监管条件 ]: A.入境货物通关单 B.出境货物通关单

[ 检验检疫 ]: R.进口食品卫生监督检验 S.出口食品卫生监督检验

[ Summary ]:
2922509090. other amino-alcohol-phenols, amino-acid-phenols and other amino-compounds with oxygen function. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

去甲肾上腺素文献

Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species.

Chem. Res. Toxicol. 23 , 171-83, (2010)

Drug-induced liver injury is one of the main causes of drug attrition. The ability to predict the liver effects of drug candidates from their chemical structures is critical to help guide experimental...

Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).

J. Sci. Ind. Res. 65(10) , 808, (2006)

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a significant concern in drug development due to the poor concordance between preclinical and clinical findings of liver toxicity. We hypothesized that the DILI typ...

Sympathetic activity induced by naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal is blocked in genetically engineered mice lacking functional CRF1 receptor.

Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 283(1) , 42-9, (2015)

There is large body evidence indicating that stress can lead to cardiovascular disease. However, the exact brain areas and the mechanisms involved remain to be revealed. Here, we performed a series of...

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