Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate

Modify Date: 2024-01-01 19:56:03

Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate Structure
Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate structure
 Common Name Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate
CAS Number 22189-32-8 Molecular Weight 495.348
Density N/A Boiling Point 583.1ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C14H36Cl2N2O12 Melting Point 205-207° (dec)
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 306.4ºC

 Use of Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate


Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate is a broad-spectrum aminocyclitol antibiotic that inhibits the growth of a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.

 Names

Name spectinomycin hydrochloride hydrate
Synonym More Synonyms

  Biological Activity

Description Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate is a broad-spectrum aminocyclitol antibiotic that inhibits the growth of a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
Related Catalog
In Vitro Spectinomycin selectively inhibits protein synthesis in cells and in extracts of Escherichia coli. When added to an exponentially growing culture, spectinomycin (50 μg/mL) rapidly and reversibly inhibits growth of Escherichia coli. Amino acid incorporation is slowed immediately but RNA synthesis continued. In extracts of Escherichia coli B, spectinomycin inhibits polypeptide synthesis directed either by endogenous messenger RNA or by MS-2 bacteriophage RNA. Maximum inhibition (70 to 80%) is achieved at 1 μg/mL (3 μM). [1]. Spectinomycin blocks the translocation of peptidyl-tRNAs from the A-site to the P-site by inhibiting the binding of elongation factor G to the ribosome. Spectinomycin interacts specifically with the residues G1064 and 01192 in 16S rRNA and potentially change this molecule into an inactive conformation[2]. Spectinomycin acts as a mixed noncompetitive inhibitor for the td intron RNA with a Ki of 7.2 mM. The splicing inhibition by spectinomycin is dependent on pH changes and Mg2+ concentration, indicating electrostatic interactions with the intron RNA[3].
In Vivo Renal excretion is a major elimination pathway for spectinomycin. Following IV administration, approximately 55% of the drug is excreted into the urine in unchanged form. After IV administration of 10 mg/kg spectinomycin shows a peak plasma concentration of 37.8 μg/mL and a systemic exposure (area-under the curve AUC0-∞) of 15.7 μg/mL. Following single dose intramuscular administration, the overall elimination half-life of spectinomycin is 1.2 h in cattle, 1.0 h in sheep, 1.0 h in pigs, 1.65 h in chicken and 1.85 h in humans[4].
Animal Admin Rats: Spectinomycin (10 mg/kg) is administered intravenously to rats. Serial blood samples (approx. 250 μL) are collected pre-dose, and at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 12.0, 24.0, 36.0 and 48.0 h post-dose. Plasma is separated immediately by centrifugation (10,000g for 5 min at 4°C) and stored at −80°C until analysis. Urine samples are collected at an interval of 0-6, 6-12, 12-24, 24-36 and 36-48 h post-dose and stored at −80°C until analysis[4].
References

[1]. Davies J, et al. Inhibition of protein synthesis by spectinomycin. Science. 1965 Sep 3;149(3688):1096-8.

[2]. Brink MF, et al. Spectinomycin interacts specifically with the residues G1064 and C1192 in 16S rRNA, thereby potentially freezing this molecule into an inactive conformation. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Feb 11;22(3):325-31.

[3]. Park IK, et al. Spectinomycin inhibits the self-splicing of the group 1 intron RNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Mar 16;269(2):574-9.

[4]. Madhura DB, et al. Pharmacokinetic profile of spectinomycin in rats. Pharmazie. 2013 Aug;68(8):675-6.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Boiling Point 583.1ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 205-207° (dec)
Molecular Formula C14H36Cl2N2O12
Molecular Weight 495.348
Flash Point 306.4ºC
Exact Mass 494.164520
PSA 175.66000
Vapour Pressure 5.05E-16mmHg at 25°C
Storage condition 2~8°C

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
WG7400000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Spectinomycin, dihydrochloride, pentahydrate
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
22189-32-8
LAST UPDATED :
199706
DATA ITEMS CITED :
13
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C14-H24-N2-O7.2Cl-H.5H2-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
494.41
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T C666 BO DO GV IOTJ E1 HQ KM1 LQ MM1 NQ &GH 2 &QH 5

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2020 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>2500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>10 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
2350 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
8400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
6800 mg/kg/39D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2800 mg/kg/32D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight
REFERENCE :
JJANAX Japanese Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,43,1976 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
2400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3018,1974
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
2400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,3008,1974 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X6089 No. of Facilities: 17 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 958 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 434 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter
Hazard Codes T+
Safety Phrases 24/25
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany 2
RTECS WG7400000
HS Code 29419090

 Preparation


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 Synonyms

4H-Pyrano[2,3-b][1,4]benzodioxin-4-one, decahydro-4a,7,9-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)-, (2S,6R,7R,8S,9S)-, hydrochloride, hydrate (1:2:5)
4H-Pyrano[2,3-b][1,4]benzodioxin-4-one, decahydro-4a,7,9-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)-, (2R,4aR,5aR,6S,7S,8R,9S,9aR,10aS)-, hydrochloride, hydrate (1:2:5)
MFCD00150886
spectogard
EINECS 244-554-3
(2R,4aR,5aR,6S,7S,8R,9S,9aR,10aS)-4a,7,9-Trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)decahydro-4H-pyrano[2,3-b][1,4]benzodioxin-4-one dihydrochloride pentahydrate
Spectinomycin pentahydrate dihydrochloride
ACTINOSPECTACIN DIHYDROCHLORIDE
Spectinomycin HCL USP/BP
Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate
SPECTINOMYCIN 2HCL
(2S,6R,7R,8S,9S)-4a,7,9-Trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8-bis(methylamino)decahydro-4H-pyrano[2,3-b][1,4]benzodioxin-4-one dihydrochloride pentahydrate
Trobicin (tn)
SPECTINOMYCIN HCL
Spectinomycin hydrochloride
SpectinomycinHydrochloride
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