Alexidine dihydrochloride

Modify Date: 2024-01-14 17:48:32

Alexidine dihydrochloride Structure
Alexidine dihydrochloride structure
Common Name Alexidine dihydrochloride
CAS Number 1715-30-6 Molecular Weight 581.712
Density 1.1g/cm3 Boiling Point 658.2ºC at 760mmHg
Molecular Formula C26H58Cl2N10 Melting Point 220.6-223.4ºC
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 351.8ºC
Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning

 Use of Alexidine dihydrochloride


Alexidine dihydrochloride is an anticancer agent that targets a mitochondrial tyrosine phosphatase, PTPMT1, in mammalian cells and causes mitochondrial apoptosis. Alexidine dihydrochloride has antifungal and antibiofilm activity against a diverse range of fungal pathogens[1].

 Names

Name Alexidine dihydrochloride,N,N''-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-tetraazatetradecanediimidamidedihydrochloride
Synonym More Synonyms

 Alexidine dihydrochloride Biological Activity

Description Alexidine dihydrochloride is an anticancer agent that targets a mitochondrial tyrosine phosphatase, PTPMT1, in mammalian cells and causes mitochondrial apoptosis. Alexidine dihydrochloride has antifungal and antibiofilm activity against a diverse range of fungal pathogens[1].
Related Catalog
Target

PTPMT1[1]

In Vitro Alexidine dihydrochloride displays activity against most Candida spp.; MIC values of ≤1.5 μg/mL are observed for all isolates tested under planktonic conditions, with the exception of Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei. Interestingly, Alexidine dihydrochloride also displays striking activity against clinically relevant fluconazole-resistant Candida isolates: C. albicans (CA2, CA6, and CA10), C. glabrata (CG2 and CG5), C. parapsilosis (CP5), and C. auris (CAU-09 and CAU-03)[1]. Inhibition of planktonic growth by Alexidine dihydrochloride reveals a complete inhibition of filamentation or proliferation of the imaged fungi. Alexidine dihydrochloride is able to decimate at low concentrations (1.5 to 6 μg/mL) mature biofilms of Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus spp. that are known to be resistant to almost all classes of antifungal drugs. In fact, at 10-fold-lower concentrations (150 ng/mL) of planktonic MICs, Alexidine dihydrochloride could inhibit lateral yeast formation and biofilm dispersal in C. albicans[1]. Alexidine dihydrochloride results in 50% killing of HUVECs and lung epithelial cells, at concentrations 5- to 10-fold higher than the MIC required to kill planktonically growing fungal pathogens[1].
In Vivo Chosen to focus on biofilm formation by C. albicans, since a murine biofilm model has been well established in this fungus and used for testing the effects of established and new antifungal agents. The effect of the drugs on the 24-h-old biofilms growing in the jugular vein catheters of mice is visualized microscopically, which reveals significantly lower density of the biofilms in catheters treated with Alexidine dihydrochloride. In fact, fungal CFU determination reveals that Alexidine dihydrochloride inhibits 67% of fungal biofilm growth and viability, compared to the control untreated biofilms[1].
References

[1]. Mamouei Z, et al. Alexidine Dihydrochloride Has Broad-Spectrum Activities against Diverse Fungal Pathogens. mSphere. 2018 Oct 31;3(5). pii: e00539-18.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.1g/cm3
Boiling Point 658.2ºC at 760mmHg
Melting Point 220.6-223.4ºC
Molecular Formula C26H58Cl2N10
Molecular Weight 581.712
Flash Point 351.8ºC
Exact Mass 580.422302
PSA 167.58000
LogP 8.60460
Vapour Pressure 3.38E-17mmHg at 25°C

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements P261-P305 + P351 + P338
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport

 Articles33

More Articles
Chemical interaction of alexidine and sodium hypochlorite.

J. Endod. 38(1) , 112-6, (2012)

Recent studies have reported the color change and formation of precipitates containing para-chloroaniline (PCA) after a reaction of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX). Alexidine (ALX)...

Quantitative high throughput screening using a primary human three-dimensional organotypic culture predicts in vivo efficacy.

Nat. Commun. 6 , 6220, (2015)

The tumour microenvironment contributes to cancer metastasis and drug resistance. However, most high throughput screening (HTS) assays for drug discovery use cancer cells grown in monolayers. Here we ...

Pan-antimicrobial failure of alexidine as a contact lens disinfectant when heated in Bausch & Lomb plastic containers: implications for the worldwide Fusarium keratitis epidemic of 2004 to 2006.

Eye Contact Lens 38(4) , 222-6, (2012)

ReNu with MoistureLoc (ReNuML), containing the antimicrobial agent alexidine 0.00045%, was associated with the Fusarium keratitis epidemic of 2004 to 2006. Although a single-point source contamination...

 Synonyms

N,N''''-1,6-Hexanediylbis[N'-(2-ethylhexyl)(imidodicarbonimidic diamide)] dihydrochloride
n,n''''-hexane-1,6-diylbis[n'-(2-ethylhexyl)(imidodicarbonimidic diamide)] dihydrochloride
Alexidine dihydrochloride
Imidodicarbonimidic diamide, N,N''''-1,6-hexanediylbis[N'-(2-ethylhexyl)-, hydrochloride (1:2)
Bisguadine
Sterwin 904
UNII:I2A7616PY1
alexidine 2HCl
1,1'-Hexamethylene-bis(5-[2-ethylhexyl]biguanide)
QR-711
Bisguanidine
Compound-904