14116-68-8

14116-68-8 structure

Name: Lacto-N-tetraose
Chemical Name: lacto-n-tetraose
CAS Number: 14116-68-8
Molecular Formula: C₂₆H₄₅NO₂₁
Molecular Weight: 707.63000
Catalog: Signaling Pathways Anti-infection Bacterial
Create Date: 2018-05-28 08:00:00
Modify Date: 2025-08-25 13:16:02
Lacto-N-tetraose is the significant core structure of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) naturally existing in human milk. Lacto-N-tetraose is consist of galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and glucose moieties. Lacto-N-tetraose has prebiotic effect, immune regulatory effect, anti-inflammatory effects, intestinal cell responses regulatory effect, antibacterial activity and antiviral activity. Lacto-N-tetraose has been widely added to infant formula[1].

Name	lacto-n-tetraose
Synonyms	fromhumanmilk GAL-BETA1,3GLCNAC-BETA1,3GAL-BETA1,4GLC LNT-GEL LNT LACTO-N-TETRAOSE FROM HUMAN MILK LCOSE4 LNT-KLH

Description	Lacto-N-tetraose is the significant core structure of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) naturally existing in human milk. Lacto-N-tetraose is consist of galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and glucose moieties. Lacto-N-tetraose has prebiotic effect, immune regulatory effect, anti-inflammatory effects, intestinal cell responses regulatory effect, antibacterial activity and antiviral activity. Lacto-N-tetraose has been widely added to infant formula[1].
Related Catalog	Research Areas >> Infection Research Areas >> Inflammation/Immunology Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Bacterial
In Vitro	HMOs exhibits antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against Streptococcus agalactiae, antibiofilm activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and antimicrobial activity against both Acinetobacter baumannii and Clostridium difficile[2]. Lacto-N-tetraose (500-2000 μg/mL) does not cause clastogenic or aneugenic signs in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, nor increase the percentage of micronucleated cells[3].
In Vivo	Lacto-N-tetraose (1000-4000 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 90 days) does not show toxicity in neonatal SD rats[3]. Animal Model: Female neonatal SD rats (housed together with dam until weaning after 21 days)[3] Dosage: 1000, 25000 and 4000 mg/kg  Administration: p.o.; daily for 90 days Result: Did not show toxicity on clinical observations, body weight, food consumption, development and maturation, clinical pathology, organ weights or histopathology.
References	[1]. Zhu Y, et al. Physiological effects, biosynthesis, and derivatization of key human milk tetrasaccharides, lacto-N-tetraose, and lacto-N-neotetraose. Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2022 Jun;42(4):578-596. [2]. Craft KM, Thomas HC, Townsend SD. Sialylated variants of lacto-N-tetraose exhibit antimicrobial activity against Group B Streptococcus. Org Biomol Chem. 2019 Feb 13;17(7):1893-1900. [3]. Phipps KR, et al. Preclinical safety evaluation of the human-identical milk oligosaccharide lacto-N-tetraose. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Nov;99:260-273.

Density	1.76g/cm3
Boiling Point	1116.1ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula	C₂₆H₄₅NO₂₁
Molecular Weight	707.63000
Flash Point	628.8ºC
Exact Mass	707.24800
PSA	356.70000
Vapour Pressure	0mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.668

Safety Phrases	24/25

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