trazodone hydrochloride

Trazodone HCl is an antidepressant belonging to the class of serotonin receptor antagonists and reuptake inhibitors for treatment of anxiety disorders.Target: 5-HT ReceptorTrazodone is a triazolopyridine derivative, chemically and pharmacologically unrelated to other currently available antidepressants. Trazodone has been successfully used in a small number of patients with depression and pre-existing cardiovascular disease. trazodone has also been used as a hypnotic for psychotropic-induced or other insomnias with some success [1]. Trazodone is an effective hypnotic for patients with antidepressant-associated insomnia [2]. Trazodone may be helpful in men with erectile dysfunction (ED), possibly more so at higher doses, and in men with psychogenic ED. Future high-quality trials should compare trazodone with placebo and other therapies in men with depression and psychogenic ED [3].

Signaling Pathways >> GPCR/G Protein >> 5-HT Receptor

Signaling Pathways >> Neuronal Signaling >> 5-HT Receptor

Research Areas >> Neurological Disease

[1]. Haria, M., A. Fitton, and D. McTavish, Trazodone. A review of its pharmacology, therapeutic use in depression and therapeutic potential in other disorders. Drugs Aging, 1994. 4(4): p. 331-55.

[2]. Nierenberg, A.A., et al., Trazodone for antidepressant-associated insomnia. Am J Psychiatry, 1994. 151(7): p. 1069-72.

[3]. Fink, H.A., et al., Trazodone for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJU Int, 2003. 92(4): p. 441-6.

Harmine | Pimavanserin | Serotonin hydrochloride | Sodium Ferulate | Thioridazine hydrochloride | Brexpiprazole | Risperidone | TG6-10-1 | Cariprazine | Quetiapine | SERTINDOLE | Alprenolol hydrochloride | B-HT 920 | Ketanserin | Palonosetron hydrochloride

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C19-H22-Cl-N5-O.Cl-H

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

408.37

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

T56 ANVNNJ C3- AT6N DNTJ DR CG &GH

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

5714 ug/kg/4D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - euphoria Behavioral - excitement

REFERENCE :

BJPYAJ British Journal of Psychiatry. (Headley Brothers, Ltd., Ashford, Kent TN24 8HH, UK) V.109- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 158,275,1991

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

43 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - agranulocytosis Blood - other changes

REFERENCE :

AJPSAO American Journal of Psychiatry. (American Psychiatric Assoc., Circulation Dept., 1400 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.78- 1921- Volume(issue)/page/year: 150,1563,1993

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

750 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions

REFERENCE :

AJPSAO American Journal of Psychiatry. (American Psychiatric Assoc., Circulation Dept., 1400 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.78- 1921- Volume(issue)/page/year: 141,434,1984

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

720 mg/kg/34W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver - jaundice (or hyperbilirubinemia) hepatocellular Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition

REFERENCE :

AIMEAS Annals of Internal Medicine. (American College of Physicians, 4200 Pine St., Philadelphia, PA 19104) V.1- 1927- Volume(issue)/page/year: 118,791,1993

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

46 mg/kg/8D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - excitement Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased

REFERENCE :

JCPYDR Journal of Clinical Pyschopharmacology. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,117,1986

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

667 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction

REFERENCE :

AJPSAO American Journal of Psychiatry. (American Psychiatric Assoc., Circulation Dept., 1400 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.78- 1921- Volume(issue)/page/year: 141,1472,1984

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

80 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

REFERENCE :

JATOD3 Journal of Analytical Toxicology. (Preston Pub. Inc., POB 48312, Niles, IL 60648) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,91,1984

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

690 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

MPPPBK Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,76,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

178 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

MPPPBK Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,76,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2729 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,967,1991

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

91 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

MPPPBK Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,76,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

584 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

DDREDK Drug Development Research. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,385,1991

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

255 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.50- 1961- Volume(issue)/page/year: 81,99,1992

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

>1500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,967,1991

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

91 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

MPPPBK Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,76,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - aggression

REFERENCE :

MPPPBK Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,76,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

>40 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

MPPPBK Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,76,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :

25 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

PBPSDY Pharmacological and Biochemical Properties of Drug Substances. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,94,1981

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

560 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

MPPPBK Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,76,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

52 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

MPPPBK Modern Problems of Pharmacopsychiatry. (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,76,1974 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

66175 mg/kg/78W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight Endocrine - changes in thyroid weight Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

REFERENCE :

KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,5865,1989

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

2730 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17(Suppl 5),S1259,1989 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

159 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

male 7 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Paternal Effects - impotence

REFERENCE :

AJPSAO American Journal of Psychiatry. (American Psychiatric Assoc., Circulation Dept., 1400 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.78- 1921- Volume(issue)/page/year: 140,1256,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

112 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

male 6 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Paternal Effects - other effects on male

REFERENCE :

JCLPDE Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. (Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc., POB 240008, Memphis, TN 38124) V.39- 1978- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45,232,1984

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

667 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :

male 1 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Paternal Effects - other effects on male

REFERENCE :

AJPSAO American Journal of Psychiatry. (American Psychiatric Assoc., Circulation Dept., 1400 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.78- 1921- Volume(issue)/page/year: 142,142,1985

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

3300 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17(Suppl 5),1283,1989

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1100 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17(Suppl 5),1283,1989

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

750 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7-20 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17(Suppl 5),1301,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5669 No. of Facilities: 24 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 333 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 219 (estimated)