METHYLENE BLUE

Names

[ Name ]:
METHYLENE BLUE

[Synonym ]:
Methylene Blue hydrate,high purity biological stain
MFCD00150006
Methylene Blue,high purity
Methylene Blue
MethyleneblueHydrat
Methylene Blue hydrate
Methylthioninium chloride
EINECS 200-515-2
Methylene Blue hydrate,Methylthionini chloridum

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue hydrate through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene blue hydrate is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene blue hydrate is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene blue hydrate reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation[1][2][3].

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Cancer

Research Areas >> Infection

Signaling Pathways >> Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >> Microtubule/Tubulin

Signaling Pathways >> Immunology/Inflammation >> NO Synthase

Signaling Pathways >> Neuronal Signaling >> Monoamine Oxidase

Research Areas >> Inflammation/Immunology

Signaling Pathways >> Cytoskeleton >> Microtubule/Tubulin

Signaling Pathways >> GPCR/G Protein >> Guanylate Cyclase

[In Vitro]

Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate (4.5 μM; BV2 microglia) alters the immune profile of LPS-activated BV2 microglia and decreased the level of CD14, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL2 mRNA[3].

[In Vivo]

Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate (50 and 100 mg/kg; i.p.; once, for 25 min; male NMRI mice) reduces absent prepulse inhibition[1]. Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate (20 and 40 mg/kg; p.o.; daily, for 6 months; CaMKIIα-tTA transactivator mice) preserves cognition in mice expressing full-length pro-aggregant human Tau[2]. Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate (2 mg/kg; i.v.; once, for 1 d; TBI-treated male BALB/c mice) reduces TBI-induced edema and neuroinflammation and reduces acute depression-like behavior[3]. Methylene blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate (2 mg/kg; i.v.; once, for 1 d; TBI-treated male BALB/c mice) reduces the percentage of inflammatory factor[3]. Animal Model: Male NMRI mice[1] Dosage: 50 and 100 mg/kg Administration: Intraperitoneal injection; once, for 25 minutes Result: Reduced the prepulse inhibition and reduced the increase in locomotor activity caused by phencyclidine (PCP). Animal Model: CaMKIIα-tTA transactivator mice[2] Dosage: 20 and 40 mg/kg Administration: Oral administration; daily, for 6 months Result: Inhibited Tau aggregation in CaMKIIα-tTA transactivator mice. Animal Model: TBI-treated male BALB/c mice[3] Dosage: 2 mg/kg Administration: Intravenous injection; once, for 1 day Result: Decreased the level of CD14, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CCL2 mRNA. Animal Model: TBI-treated male BALB/c mice[3] Dosage: 2 mg/kg Administration: Intravenous injection; once, for 1 day Result: Reduced the percentage of myeloid (CD11b+/GR1+) cells, reduced IL-1β and enhanced IL-10 expression in microglia.

[References]

[1]. Klamer D, et, al. Phencyclidine-induced behaviour in mice prevented by methylene blue. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004 Feb;94(2):65-72.

[2]. Hochgräfe K, et, al. Preventive methylene blue treatment preserves cognition in mice expressing full-length pro-aggregant human Tau. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2015 May 10;3:25.

[3]. Fenn AM, et, al. Methylene blue attenuates traumatic brain injury-associated neuroinflammation and acute depressive-like behavior in mice. J Neurotrauma. 2015 Jan 15;32(2):127-38.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
0.6600g/ml

[ Melting Point ]:
190ºC

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₆H₂₀ClN₃OS

[ Molecular Weight ]:
337.86800

[ Exact Mass ]:
337.10200

[ PSA ]:
56.61000

[ Appearance of Characters ]:
Fine Crystalline Powder | Green

[ Storage condition ]:
room temp

[ Water Solubility ]:
H2O: soluble4mg/4ml | Soluble in water, alcohol, acetic acid, glycerol and chloroform. Insoluble in ether.

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS07

[ Signal Word ]:
Warning

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H302

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P301 + P312 + P330

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xn:Harmful

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R22

[ Safety Phrases ]:
26-39-61

[ RIDADR ]:
UN 2811 6.1/PG 3

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
SO5600000

Articles

Functionalization of organically modified silica with gold nanoparticles in the presence of lignosulfonate.

Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 85 , 74-81, (2016)

It is shown that lignosulfonate (LS) can be used as an effective reducing agent for gold ions and simultaneously as a stabilizing agent for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). When organically modified silica...

On the efficiency of methylene blue versus persulfate catalysis of polyacrylamide gels, as investigated by capillary zone electrophoresis.

Electrophoresis 14 , 997, (1993)

The efficiency of a novel method of photopolymerization, based on photoinitiating the reaction with methylene blue (MB), in presence of a redox couple (sodium toluenesulfinate and diphenyliodonium chl...

Related Compounds

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