吡哆醇盐酸盐

吡哆醇盐酸盐用途

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) 是一种吡啶衍生物。Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) 作用于阿尔茨海默病细胞模型,通过 Nrf-2/HO-1 途径发挥抗氧化作用。

吡哆醇盐酸盐作用

维生素B6对大脑的影响维生素B6群很快地会被转化成辅脢pyridoxal phosphate 与pyridoxamine phosphate，此两种脢与蛋白质的代谢关系很密切，pyridoxal phosphate是下列脢的置换物质：
胺基酸代谢时胺基转移所需，尤其对甲硫胺基、胱胺酸、半胱胺酸等。
胺基酸代谢时的脱羧基（=COOH）作用所需。
转化含硫胺基酸所需（甲硫胺基、胱胺酸、半胱胺酸等），高胱胺酸是否缺乏维生素B6，要注意。
Methionine→homocyteine + serine（丝胺酸）→pyruvate（焦葡萄糖） + H2S + NH3→TCA cycle（产生能量 + CO2 + H2O）。
甲硫胺基酸是提供甲基（methyl group）的重要胺基酸，若无维生素B6存在，此作用不能进行。很多的碳化作用不得进行，如要合成脂肪、胺基酸碳架等。
与色胺基转化成烟碱酸有关，tryptophan→nicotinic acid，若缺乏维生素B6时，即产生中间代谢物---黄尿酸（xanthurenic acid），此物质会在体内破坏胰脏β细胞，最后导致糖尿病的发生。在临床上，以验尿液中黄尿酸多寡来判断有无维生素B6缺乏症，若黄尿酸含量太多，即表示罹患维生素B6缺乏症。
肝糖转变为葡萄糖所需，有维生素B6的存在，glycogen phosphorylase 可加速肝糖的分解成葡萄糖。
将脂肪酸亚麻油酸（linoleic acid--18C）转化成花生油酸（arachidonic acid--22C）所需，若缺乏此酸，则会造成皮肤龟裂，严重者甚至会因细胞膜变性而引起身体不适。
辅脢-A（co-enzyme A）的合成有关，若缺乏维生素B6，阻碍辅脢-Co-A的合成。辅脢-Co-A组成分中有泛酸、腺嘌呤（adenine）等，是能量产生的相关物质，为acetyl Co-A还原所需，而acetyl Co-A在粒腺体内可直接合成脂肪外，acetyl Co-A亦涉及胺基酸合成及能量产生的生化作用，是一非常重要的物质。
在脑细胞的代谢中，pyridoxine的辅脢对胺基酸的脱羧基作用很重要，故稳定脑细胞的功能，不能缺乏维生素B6。更有甚者，脑细胞所需的相关胺化合物之合成，均需要维生素B6。此类物质如肾上腺素（epinephrine），新肾上腺素（norepinephrine），哆巴胺（dopamine），酪胺（tyramine），血胺素（serotonin-5 hydroxytryptamine）。哆巴胺是新肾上腺素的前驱物质，而血胺素又可合成褪黑激素。此等脑中物质，亦扮演着脑细胞染色体传送作用之功能。
pyridoxine不仅是上述含胺化合物合成的辅脢，同时亦是散播脑细胞抑制物质GABA(gama-amino butyric acid）所需的辅脢。人类睡眠深沉时，GABA含量会升得很高，显示有维生素B6时，GABA提高，人较易入眠深睡。故要让亢奋的脑细胞休息，除用褪黑激素外，还得加上维生素B6始能发挥良好功能。
●使维生素B6功能增大的营养素
若有某些营养素存在时，会增加维生素B6的功能，如1.维生素B群、2.维生素B1、3. 维生素B2、4. 泛酸、维生素C、5.镁、6.钾、7.钠、8.亚麻油酸（linoleic acid）。
●拮抗的物质及影响维生素B6需要量的状况
1.酒类、2.避孕丸、3.烟草、4.咖啡、5.放射线照射。
●维生素B6缺乏的症状
维生素B6主要作用在人体的血液、肌肉、神经、皮肤等。功能有抗体的合成、消化系统中胃酸的制造、脂肪与蛋白质利用（尤其在减肥时应补充）、维持钠/钾平衡（稳定神经系统）。缺乏维生素B6的通症，一般缺乏时会有食欲不振、食物利用率低、失重、呕吐、下痢等毛病。严重缺乏会有粉刺、贫血、关节炎、小孩痉挛、忧郁、头痛、掉发、易发炎、学习障碍、衰弱等。
●大剂量的毒性
用极高剂量如每天300mg用来预防及治疗呕心及放射线照后呕吐、吃药后的呕吐、麻醉呕吐、旅行生病的呕吐等，均可达到治疗效果，而无毒性。11治疗疾病编辑一般疾病
1、动脉硬化、2.秃头、3.胆固醇过高、4.膀胱炎、5.面部油腻、6.低血糖症、7.精神障碍、8.肌肉失调、9.神经障碍、10.怀孕初期的呕吐、11.超体重、12.手术后呕吐、13.紧迫、14.对太阳光敏感等。维生素B6与糖尿病血管
维生素B6可减缓胰岛素治疗糖尿病大白鼠血管并发症，血管疾病并发症是糖尿病死亡的主要原因。动脉疾病在胰岛素依赖型（Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,IDDM）与非胰岛素依赖型（NonInsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,NIDDM）病人身上的盛行率比一般人高。糖尿病的血管疾病并发症主要是动脉硬化所造成。
血管内皮细胞损伤（Endothelial injury）被认为会引发动脉硬化症。致血栓因子（Thrombogenic factors），包括血小板过度活化（Hyperactive）或血小板过度凝集，均会促进动脉硬化的过程。
维生素B6的活化型式，磷酸比哆醛（Pyridoxal phosphate,PDP），具有保护血管内皮细胞，减少内皮细胞受活化血小板损伤的作用，抑制血小板凝集与血液凝固的作用，抑制血小板生成前列凝素（Thromboxane A2,TxA2）及促进血管内皮细胞生成环前列腺素（Prostaglandin I2,PGI2）的作用，以及减少血管内皮细胞形态上的改变。
血管内皮细胞受损，被认为是动脉硬化的早期病理现象，这种改变影响血管内皮细胞的许多功能，包括通透性、附着性、运动、细胞增生与物质生成的能力等。12营养所需编辑
维生素b6是人体脂肪和糖代谢的必需物质，女性的雌激素代谢也需要维生素b6，因此它对防治某些妇科病大有益处。许多女性会因服用避孕药导致情绪悲观、脾气急躁、自感乏力等，每日补充60毫克就可以缓解症状。还有些妇女患有经前期紧张综合征，表现为月经前眼睑、手足浮肿、失眠、健忘，每日吃50～100毫克维生素b6后症状可完全缓解。富含b6的食物有金枪鱼、瘦牛排、鸡胸肉、香蕉、花生、牛肉等。13生

吡哆醇盐酸盐名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
58-56-0

[ 中文名 ]:
吡哆醇盐酸盐

[ 英文名 ]:
Pyridoxine hydrochloride

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

vitamin B6 hydrochloride
Hexobion
Pyridox
Hexavibex
aderoxin
aderoxine
hexermin
adermine hydrochloride
Pyridoxinium chloride
Bonasanit

吡哆醇盐酸盐生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) 是一种吡啶衍生物。Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) 作用于阿尔茨海默病细胞模型,通过 Nrf-2/HO-1 途径发挥抗氧化作用。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> NF-κB信号通路 >> KEAP1-Nrf2

研究领域 >> 神经疾病

天然产物 >> 其他

[ 靶点 ]

Nrf2[1]

[体外研究]

吡哆醇对AD具有保护作用,减弱ROS水平,降低细胞质Nrf2的表达,并上调全细胞HO-1表达[1]。

[参考文献]

[1]. Li C, et al. Pyridoxine exerts antioxidant effects in cell model of Alzheimer's disease via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2018 Jul 30;64(10):119-124.

[相关活性小分子]

吡哆醇盐酸盐物理化学性质

[ 沸点 ]:
491.9ºC at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
214-215 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₈H₁₂ClNO₃

[ 分子量 ]:
205.639

[ 闪点 ]:
251.3ºC

[ 精确质量 ]:
205.050568

[ PSA ]:
73.58000

[ LogP ]:
0.88220

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色粉末

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Protect from air and light.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
0.1 g/mL (20 ºC)

吡哆醇盐酸盐MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

吡哆醇盐酸盐毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: UV1350000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Pyridoxol, hydrochloride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 58-56-0

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 24

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C8-H11-N-O3.Cl-H

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 205.66

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T6NJ B1 CQ D1Q E1Q &GH

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 4 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 530 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 5500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2450 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 660 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: >500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 560 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 464 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - pigeon

DOSE/DURATION :: 145 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 21400 mg/kg/15W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Spinal Cord - demyelination Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 38 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - postpartum

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

DOSE :: 2 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 38 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - postpartum

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 8040 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 14 week(s) pre-mating - 12 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 4 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 15 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 2 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 7500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 6 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 15 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 6 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Human Lymphocyte

DOSE/DURATION :: 2 mg/L

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 124,175,1983 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3950 No. of Facilities: 1955 (estimated) No. of Industries: 8 No. of Occupations: 39 No. of Employees: 57249 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 35753 (estimated)

吡哆醇盐酸盐安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS06, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H370

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi:Irritant

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S37/39

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
UV1350000

[ 海关编码 ]:
2936250000

吡哆醇盐酸盐合成路线

详细合成路线

吡哆醇盐酸盐上下游产品

吡哆醇盐酸盐上游产品

吡哆醇盐酸盐下游产品

吡哆醇盐酸盐制备

1.由丙氨酸乙酯与甲酸乙酸酐反应，与富马腈缩合制得。

2.以丙氨酸为原料经酯化，在甲酰胺化、经缩合、脱水成盐得成品。由α-氨基丙酸与乙醇酯化，经酰胺化、催化闭环，再与甲基丙烯酸异丁酯反应得维生素B6。

3.以丙氨酸为原料经酯化，在甲酰胺化、经缩合、脱水成盐得成品。

吡哆醇盐酸盐海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2936250000

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 包装, 是否吸附于载体(如硅胶)

[ 监管条件 ]: A.入境货物通关单 B.出境货物通关单

[ 检验检疫 ]: R.进口食品卫生监督检验 S.出口食品卫生监督检验

[ Summary ]:
HS: 2936250000. (5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine-3,4-diyl)dimethanol. VAT:17.0%. tax rebate rate:13.0%. supervision conditions:ab(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward). MFN tarrif:4.0%. general tariff:20.0%

吡哆醇盐酸盐文献

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The cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear cactus) have a low protein content; for use as a balanced feed, supplementation with other protein sources is therefore desirable. We investigated pr...

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J. Chromatogr. Sci. 53 , 603-11, (2015)

Ribavirin was found to be liable to acidic, alkaline, oxidative and photolytic degradation. Hence, a simple, sensitive and stability-indicating reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method was develop...

Tissue vitamin concentrations are maintained constant by changing the urinary excretion rate of vitamins in rats' restricted food intake.

Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 78(12) , 2102-9, (2014)

We previously reported that mild food restriction induces a reduction in tryptophan-nicotinamide conversion, which helps to explain why death secondary to pellagra is pandemic during the hungry season...

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