顺酐_MSDS_用途_密度_顺酐CAS号【108-31-6】

【用途一】
用作生产1,4-丁二醇、γ-丁内酯、四氢呋喃、琥珀酸、不饱和聚酯树脂、醇酸树脂等的原料，也用于医药和农药
【用途二】
金属选矿中充当捕收剂
【用途三】
用于有机合成，也用作合成纤维中间体
【用途四】
顺丁烯二酸酐又名顺酐、马来酐、失水苹果酸酐，是一种重要的不饱和有机酸酐基本原料，在农药生产上用于合成有机磷杀虫剂马拉硫磷的中间体顺丁烯二酸二乙酯、哒嗪硫磷的中间体1-苯基-3，6-二羟基哒嗪，以及拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂胺菊酯、杀菌剂、克菌丹的中间体，此外，还用于生产不饱和聚酯树脂、油墨助剂、造纸助剂、涂料以及医药工业、食品工业等。
【用途五】
主要用于生产不饱和聚酯树脂、醇酸树脂、农药马拉硫磷、高效低毒农药4049、长效碘胺的原料。也是涂料、马来松香、聚马来酐、顺酐-苯乙烯共聚物。也是生产油墨助剂、造纸助剂、增塑剂和酒石酸、富马酸、四氢呋喃等的有机化工原料。
【用途六】
顺酐(108-31-6)是一种常用的重要基本有机化工原料。是世界上仅次于醋酐和苯酐的第三大酸酐原料。其下游产品有着相当广泛的开发和应用前景。顺酐(108-31-6)主要用于合成不饱和聚酯树酯，它是制造汽车部件、船舶、耐腐蚀性化工设备和日用品的原料。顺酐(108-31-6)也是生产润滑油的添加剂、涂料、农药、富马酸、共聚物、食品添加剂等重要中间体。其加氢衍生物有琥珀酸酐、1.4-丁二醇、r-J内酯和四氢呋喃.

[ 密度 ]:
1.5±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
202.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
51-56 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₄H₂O₃

[ 分子量 ]:
98.057

[ 闪点 ]:
103.3±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
98.000397

[ PSA ]:
43.37000

[ LogP ]:
-0.37

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色晶体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
3.4 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.3±0.4 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.515

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、胺分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with water, strong oxidizing agents, alkali metals, strong bases, amines, most common metals, polymerization catalysts and accelerators.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
79 g/100 mL (25 ºC)

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: ON3675000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Maleic anhydride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 108-31-6

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0106909

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 44

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C4-H2-O3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 98.06

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T5VOVJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 97 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 465 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 875 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2620 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 390 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: >20 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 9800 ug/m3/6H/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - changes in spleen Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1220 mg/kg/61W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 4060 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: multigenerations

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

REFERENCE :: GMCRDC Gann Monograph on Cancer Research. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) No. 11- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,95,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 1.0 mg/m3 (0.25 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85CVA2 "Oncology 1970, Proceedings of the Tenth International Cancer Congress," Chicago, Year Book Medical Pub., 1971 Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,250,1970 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,148,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.25 ppm CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.25 ppm CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.8 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3);STEL 0.75 ppm (3 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.8 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.3 ppm (1.2 mg/m3);STEL 0.6 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (0.8 mg/m3);STEL 0.4 ppm (1.6 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.25 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO MALEIC ANHYDRIDE-air:10H TWA 0.25 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 43660 No. of Facilities: 5310 (estimated) No. of Industries: 51 No. of Occupations: 69 No. of Employees: 71386 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 43660 No. of Facilities: 5924 (estimated) No. of Industries: 65 No. of Occupations: 69 No. of Employees: 81551 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 14807 (estimated)

[ 符号 ]:

GHS05, GHS07, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H302-H314-H317-H334-H372-H373

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
Corrosive to the respiratory tract.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P261-P280-P284-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P342 + P311

[ 靶器官 ]:
Kidney, Respiratory system

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
C:Corrosive

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22;R34;R42/43

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S22-S26-S36/37/39-S45

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2215 8/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
ON3675000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
8

[ 海关编码 ]:
2917140000

详细合成路线

顺酐上游产品

顺酐下游产品

1.顺酐的主要生产方法有苯氧化法、丁烯氧化法和正丁烷氧化法，但仍以苯氧化法为主。1.苯氧化法苯在V-Mo-P系催化剂作用下，在固定床中发生氧化反应，生成顺丁烯二酸酐，反应温度为365℃（反应床层也可用沸腾床，但消耗高）。然后用水吸收生成顺丁烯二酸，再经共沸脱水和精馏，刮片得到成品。2.丁烷（或丁烯）氧化法丁烷（或丁烯）在V-Mo催化剂作用下，经空气或氧气氧化生成顺酐，反应温度350-400℃。然后再经水吸收，脱水和精制得到成品。 (1)苯氧化法反应器在V、MO、Ti、P系催化剂存在下空气氧化成顺丁烯二酸酐，用水吸收为顺丁烯二酸水溶液，然后用二甲苯进行共沸蒸馏脱水得顺酐，最后减压精馏得成品。 1、氧化氧化反应器为直径1500mm、总高17500mm的沸腾床，装入微球形钒-钼催化剂2000kg。开车前先以热空气将沸腾床内催化剂层升温到350℃活化数小时。随后将冷空气以每小时150kg的流量喷入催化剂层，控制反应温度约为360℃，反应气体经沸腾床顶部分离去催化剂后输到吸收系统。氧化率约45%。 2、水吸收反应气体经过喷水文氏管骤冷，再进入直径1400mm、高7000mm的水循球喷淋吸收塔，反应气体中的顺丁烯二酸酐蒸气被水吸收，成为含量约30%的顺丁烯二酸溶液。 3、共沸脱水、精馏在共沸脱水塔的塔釜内先加混合二甲苯3000kg加热至温高于136℃,釜内二甲苯沸腾，此时将30%的顺丁烯二酸溶液自塔中部送入，每小时流量约为350kg，酸溶液中的水与二甲苯形成共沸物自顶部蒸出，顺丁烯二酸失水成酐后溶于二甲苯中，下流至塔釜内。待送入酸液总量达6000kg时，釜内二甲苯中的顺丁烯二酸酐含量约为30%，此溶液输至减压精馏釜，先在釜温100℃、塔顶温110℃、真空度93.3kpa的条件下业精馏得顺丁烯二酸酐。水吸收至精馏的收率为90% 部收率40%。该法每吨顺酐消耗苯2000kg、二甲苯140kg。

（2）苯氧化法-联合法预热的苯和空气的混合物被送入列管式固定床反应器内和催化剂接触进行反应，反应生成气经过两个气体冷却器冷至150℃左右，再进入部分冷凝器被水冷却至比顺丁烯二酸酐熔点稍高的温度（60℃），约有50%-60%的顺丁烯二酸酐冷凝为液态，剩余的40%-50%顺丁烯二酸酐用稀顺丁烯二酸液吸收成40%顺丁烯二酸溶液。经薄膜蒸发器脱水成100%顺丁烯二酸溶液，再进入脱水器脱水成粗酐，最后经连续真空精馏塔精制得顺丁烯二酸酐成品。（3）C4烯烃法该法是以混合C4馏分中的有效成分正丁烯、丁二烯等为原料，和空气（或氧气）在V2O5-P2O5系催化剂作用下经气相氧化反应生成顺酐，其中正丁烯在反应过程中先脱氢生成丁二烯，再氧化生成顺酐。工艺过程为：C4馏分与空气混合后进入流化床氧化反应器，与反应器中催化剂接触生成顺酐。反应热由通水的冷却盘管除去并产生高压蒸汽。温度为400-500℃，反应之后气体中的顺酐经吸收塔得马来酸溶液，而后进行浓缩脱水，最后经简单蒸馏即得产品。

（4）正丁烷氧化法正丁烷氧化工艺是以正丁烷为原料，在V2O5-P2O5系催化剂作用下发生气相氧化反应生成顺酐。副反应除生成一氧化碳、二氧化碳和水外，还生成醛、酮、酸等化合物。根据水同公开发表的工艺技术，也分固定床法和流化床法。固定床法（如Halcon/SD法）的工艺过程如下：空气经过滤器过滤后，压缩到所需的反应压力；丁烷在汽化器中汽化，经过热后与压缩空气混合，一起送入反应器，用循环熔盐除去反应热。反应气经冷却与软水进行热交换，冷却至高于顺酐熔点，约有50%的顺酐凝析出来，并进入精酐贮槽，再泵送入精制工序进行精制。分离器顶部出来的尾气通入洗涤，未冷凝的顺酐全部转化为顺丁烯二酸，经贮槽再送入脱水塔脱水，最后送入精制塔精制得到产品顺酐。（5）苯酐副产品法由邻二甲苯生产苯酐时，可以副产得到一定数量的顺酐产品，其产量约为苯酐产量的5%。在苯酐生产中，反应尾气经洗涤塔除去有机物后排放到大气中，洗涤液为顺酐和少量的苯甲酸、苯二甲酸等杂质，经浓缩精制和加热脱水后得到顺酐产品。 4. 使苹果酸脱水即成马来酸酐，然后用三氯甲烷重结晶进行精制：

[ 海关编码 ]: 2917140000

[ 中文概述 ]:
2917140000 马来酐。监管条件:无。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:9.0%。最低关税:6.5%。普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 对苯二甲酸请注明4-CBA值, 对苯二甲酸请注明P-TL酸值, 对苯二甲酸请注明色度, 对苯二甲酸请注明水分

[ Summary ]:
2917140000 furan-2,5-dione。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。Lowest tariff:6.5%。General tariff:30.0%

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